Frontiers Digit. Humanit.最新文献

{"title":"Design to Robotic Assembly: An Exploration in Stacking","authors":"Yu-Chou Chiang, H. Bier, S. Mostafavi","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00023","url":null,"abstract":"The Design-to-Robotic-Assembly project presented in this paper showcases an integrative approach for stacking architectural elements with varied sizes in multiple directions. Several processes of parametrization, structural analysis, and robotic assembly are algorithmically integrated into a Design-to-Robotic-Production method. This method is informed by the systematic control of density, dimensionality, and directionality of the elements while taking environmental, functional, and structural requirements into consideration. It is tested by building a one-to-one prototype, which is presented and discussed in the paper with respect to the development and implementation of the computational design workflow coupled with robotic kinematic simulation that is enabling the materialization of a multidirectional and multidimensional assembly system.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129925877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Computational Linguistics and Literature","authors":"Stan Szpakowicz, Anna Feldman, Anna Kazantseva","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00024","url":null,"abstract":"Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n’arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team at PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRC","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117350473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literary Myths in Mixed Reality","authors":"Martha Vassiliadi, Stella Sylaiou, G. Papagiannakis","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00021","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that the Decadent movement in European literature (fin de siecle) depends on the narrative of the antiquity, as it is revealed from the discoveries of archaeology in the second half of the 19th century. Amid the ruins of the past authors, painters and poets re-conceptualize time and history through a modernist vision based on an imaginary reconfiguration of the antiquity. In this context, the myth of a city (Pompeii) or of a woman (Salome) offer examples, which would illustrate in a great variety the synergy of a multi-temporal and multi-cultural memory of the myth. In this paper we identify a \"content-based\" shortcoming of modern Mixed Reality (MR) intangible and tangible digital heritage storytelling applications for digital humanities. It is an important problem as the very nature of these applications is often been identified with either misguided storytelling, or non-compelling, non-engaging narratives, except the initial captivating moments due to the immersive 3D visual simulation. We propose a new concept that forthcoming MR applications can draw from: \"Literature-based MR Presence\". Based on modern literature excerpts associated with the real heritage sites, digital narratives can achieve new depths of Presence (phenomenon of behaving and feeling as if we are in the virtual/augmented world created by computerized displays). They would evoke deeper sensations if their dramaturgical plots were based on literary texts associated with the heritage sites, from users, as similar to those often associated with cognitive presence, e.g. when someone is feeling of being transported in an alternate reality when simply reading a compelling novel or poem. We examine modern MR simulations and serious games for digital heritage and propose this conceptual framework to study them under this new concept, in order to achieve heightened feeling of Presence in the virtual heritage simulations, based on recent novel h/w advances. Two cases of a tangible historical place (Pompeii) and an intangible character (Salome) are identified as cultural heritage items, with associated reconstruction examples via Mixed Reality simulations and corresponding early modern literary works.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130880584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building and Sustaining Diverse Functioning Networks Using Social Media and Digital Platforms to Improve Diversity and Inclusivity","authors":"B. Montgomery","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00022","url":null,"abstract":"There has long been a focus on building inclusion and diversity in the sciences through a range of efforts intended to increase representation and access. Despite expansive efforts supported by higher education institutions, funding agencies and others, a need persists to support broad participation and success. Digital platforms, including blogs and social media such as Twitter™, offer emergent paths for scientists to proactively build supportive communities, even where structural diversity or numerical representation of diverse groups remains low. Use of these platforms can range from community building, to proactive mentoring and advocacy, as well as more customary uses for supporting scholarly success of diverse individuals, including dissemination and accessible discussions of research. I discuss specific uses of social-media digital platforms for building and cultivating communities of underrepresented scholars and facilitating engagement around issues of broad concern to groups underrepresented in science and higher education. These uses include mentoring a nd support to promote equity, inclusion and diversity, promoting self-definition and personal agency, community building, and advocacy. I draw on published literature about using social media and digital platforms in higher education to build and cultivate “social networks” for connecting widely distributed individuals from underrepresented backgrounds to cultivate communities of interest, support and practice, including a focus on mentoring, sponsorship and advocacy. I highlight the power of Twitter™ and social media platforms to build and cultivate connections of individuals underrepresented in science and the academy and to offer meaningful means for mitigating local deficits related to low structural diversity and inequity.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116213319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Fibers—The Implications of the Digital for Archival Access","authors":"Michael Moss, David Thomas, Tim Gollins","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00020","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores how current methods and approaches in archives are under serious challenge because of the changes brought about to the move to the digital. The availability of digital records has meant that new needs and new possibilities have opened up for users, including new ways of reading. The nature of archives themselves are changing – they are moving from being collections of individual texts to be pored over to data to be made sense of. New tools and techniques have emerged and are available right here now which offer radical new possibilities for research, but these bring new challenges about trust and the sheer volume of records to be handled. The traditional approaches of applying metadata to facilitate the finding of relevant material and of regarding digital documents as something like electronic paper is no long viable. What is needed is a new approach in which archivists and scholarly researchers see archives as collections of data which are capable of analysis by a range of sophisticated tools and which are capable of being interpreted in a range of different ways.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122436578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Metrical Analysis of Medieval German Poetry Using Supervised Learning","authors":"C. Hench, Alex Estes","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00019","url":null,"abstract":"Middle High German (MHG) epic poetry presents a unique solution to the linguistic changes underpinning the transition from classical Latin poetry, based on syllable length, into later vernacular rhythmic poetry, based on phonological stress. The predominating pattern in MHG verse is the alternation between stressed and unstressed syllables, but syllable length also plays a crucial role. There are a total of eight possible metrical values. Single or half mora syllables can carry any one of three types of stress, resulting in six combinations. The seventh value is a double mora, i.e., a long stressed syllable. The eighth value is an elided syllable. We construct a supervised Conditional Random Fields (CRF) model to predict the metrical value of syllables, and subsequently investigate medieval German poets’ use of semantic and sonorous emphasis through meter. The features used are: 1) the syllable’s position within the line, 2) the syllable’s length in characters, 3) the syllable’s characters, 4) elision (last two characters of previous syllable and first two characters of focal syllable), 5) syllable weight, and 6) word boundaries. Additional metrical rules are enforced and marginal probabilities are calculated to yield the most likely legal scansion of a line. The model achieves a macro average F-score of .925 on internal cross-validation and .909 on held-out testing data. We determine that trochaic alternation with a one syllable anacrusis and words carrying clear stress assignment are the easiest for the model to scan. Lines with multiple double morae of syllables with few characters are the most difficult. We then rank all the epic poetry in the Mittelhochdeutsche Begriffsdatenbank (MHDBDB) by the difficulty of the meter. Finally, we investigate the double mora, which MHG poets used to draw attention to chosen concepts. We conclude that poets generally chose to use the double mora to emphasize highly sonorant words.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114379086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Annotated Beethoven Corpus (ABC): A Dataset of Harmonic Analyses of All Beethoven String Quartets","authors":"M. Neuwirth, Daniel Harasim, Fabian C. Moss, M. Rohrmeier","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00016","url":null,"abstract":"This report describes a publicly available dataset of harmonic analyses of all Beethoven string quartets together with a new annotation scheme. The quantitative study of large datasets is gaining increasing importance in musicology, reflecting a global trend toward empirical corpus studies and big data methods in the sciences as well as the (digital) humanities. Several initiatives and publications exemplify these new developments (e.g., Mauch et al., 2007; Rohrmeier and Cross, 2008; Temperley, 2009; De Clercq and Temperley, 2011; Schubert and Cumming, 2015; Klauk and Zalkow, 2016; White and Quinn, 2016). Ever increasing digital music resources are available online in the form of large collections of audio recordings,1 scanned scores,2 or MIDI files.3 Furthermore, musicologists have produced collections of symbolic and audio music repositories, e.g., the Essen Folksong collection (Schaffrath, 1995), the score collection in Humdrum/KERN format4 (Huron, 1997; Sapp, 2014), and the corpora of audio resources of Non-Western classical music traditions gathered by the CompMusic project5 (Serra, 2014). However, raw audio or symbolic musical information is often insufficient to investigate more abstract structural properties of musical styles, such as harmony, counterpoint, or form. Sufficiently sophisticated and statistically fully reliable automated Music Information Retrieval (MIR) methods for structural inference are not yet available. Despite the availability of raw audio material and the recent research initiatives mentioned above, digital musicology still lacks large labeled corpora combining score and harmonic annotations. These corpora are necessary as ground truth data for the minute investigation of structural dimensions of music such as harmony. As we elaborate below, our research addresses this gap by providing a large dataset of expert-generated harmonic labels in the stylistically coherent corpus of Ludwig van Beethoven’s string quartets, the Annotated Beethoven Corpus (ABC). This corpus will be useful for the research purposes of empirical and digital musicology, such as deepening the understanding of musical syntax, voice-leading schemata, form, and style, as well as for the development and evaluation of computational models of harmony and musical structure in general.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122613547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving Face in Front of the Computer? Culture and Attributions of Human Likeness Influence Users' Experience of Automatic Facial Emotion Recognition","authors":"Jan-Philipp Stein, P. Ohler","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00018","url":null,"abstract":"In human-to-human contexts, display rules provide an empirically sound construct to explain intercultural differences in emotional expressivity. A very prominent finding in this regard is that cultures rooted in collectivism—such as China, South Korea, or Japan—uphold norms of emotional suppression, contrasting with ideals of unfiltered self-expression found in several Western societies. However, other studies have shown that collectivistic cultures do not actually disregard the whole spectrum of emotional expression, but simply prefer displays of socially engaging emotions (e.g., trust, shame) over the more disengaging expressions favored by the West (e.g., pride, anger). Inspired by the constant advancement of affective technology, this study investigates if such cultural factors also influence how people experience being read by emotion-sensitive computers. In a laboratory experiment, we introduce 47 Chinese and 42 German participants to emotion recognition software, claiming that it would analyze their facial micro-expressions during a brief cognitive task. As we actually present standardized results (reporting either socially engaging or disengaging emotions), we manipulate participants’ impression of having matched or violated culturally established display rules in a between-subject design. First, we observe a main effect of culture on the cardiovascular response to the digital recognition procedure: Whereas Chinese participants quickly return to their initial heart rate, German participants remain longer in an agitated state. A potential explanation for this—East Asians might be less stressed by sophisticated technology than people with a Western socialization—concurs with recent literature, highlighting different human uniqueness concepts across cultural borders. Indeed, while we find no cultural difference in subjective evaluations of the emotion-sensitive computer, a mediation analysis reveals a significant indirect effect from culture over perceived human likeness of the technology to its attractiveness. At the same time, violations of cultural display rules remain mostly irrelevant for participants’ reaction; thus, we argue that inter-human norms for appropriate facial expressions might be loosened if faces are read by computers, at least in settings that are not associated with any social consequence.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117197943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Cross-Adaptive Audio Effects: Automatic Mixing, Live Performance and Everything in Between","authors":"J. Reiss, Øyvind Brandtsegg","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a systematic review of cross-adaptive audio effects and their applications. These effects extend the boundaries of traditional audio effects by potentially having many inputs and outputs, and deriving their behaviour based on analysis of the signals. This mode of control allows the effects to adapt to different material, seemingly ``being aware'' of what they do to signals. By extension, cross-adaptive processes are designed to take into account features of, and relations between, several simultaneous signals. Thus a more global awareness and responsivity can be achieved in the processing system. When such a system is used in real-time for music performance, we observe cross-adaptive performative effects. When a musician uses the signals of other performers directly to inform the timbral character of her own instrument, it enables a radical expansion of the human-to-human interaction during music making. In order to give the signal interactions a sturdy frame of reference, we engage in a brief history of applications as well as a classification of effects types and clarifications in relation to earlier literature. With this background, the current paper defines the field, lays a formal framework, explores technical aspects and applications, and considers the future of this growing field.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131860087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principal Component Approximation and Interpretation in Health Survey and Biobank Data","authors":"Y. Chao, Hsing-Chien Wu, Chao-Jung Wu, Wei-Chih Chen","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00011","url":null,"abstract":"Background Increasing numbers of variables in surveys and administrative databases are created. Principal component analysis (PCA) is important to summarize data or reduce dimensionality. However, one disadvantage of using PCA is the interpretability of the principal components (PCs), especially in a high-dimensional database. By analyzing the variance distribution according to PCA loadings and approximating PCs with input variables, we aim to demonstrate the importance of variables based on the proportions of total variances contributed or explained by input variables. Methods There were five data sets of various sizes used to understand the performance of PC approximation: Hitters, SF-12v2 subset of the 2004 to 2011Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), and the full set of 1996 to 2011 MESP data, along with two data sets derived from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS): a spirometry subset with the measures from the first trial of spirometry and a full data set that contained non-redundant variables. The variables in data sets were first centered and scaled before PCA. PCs approximation was studied with two approaches: PCA loadings and PC approximation through forward regression. First, the PC loadings were squared to estimate the variance contribution by variables to PCs. The other method was to use forward-stepwise regression to approximate PCs with all input variables. Results The first few PCs had large variances in each data set. Approximating PCs using stepwise regression could efficiently identify the input variables that explain large portions of PC variances than approximating according to PCA loadings in the data sets. It required fewer numbers of variables to explain more than 80% of the PC variances through stepwise regression. Conclusion Approximating and interpreting PCs with stepwise regression is highly feasible. PC approximation is useful to 1) interpret PCs with input variables, 2) understand the major sources of variances in data sets, 3) select unique sources of information and 4) search and rank input variables according to the proportions of PC variance explained. This can be an approach to systematically understand databases and search for variables that are important to databases.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126076838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}