June 2019最新文献

The evolution of reel statistical methods 卷筒统计方法的演变

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.32964/TJ18.6.365

Kerry D. Figiel, Michael Forbes

{"title":"The evolution of reel statistical methods","authors":"Kerry D. Figiel, Michael Forbes","doi":"10.32964/TJ18.6.365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ18.6.365","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple statistical methods for calculating the variance partition analysis (VPA) of reel data have existed for decades. In the paper industry, VPA is also commonly known as reel statistics. VPA commonly consists of total variance (TOT) that is then divided into three components: cross direction (CD), machine direction (MD), and residual (RES). A common mathematical procedure is referred to as ANOVA (analysis of variance). TAPPI Standard Test Method T 545 “Cross-machine grammage profile measurement (gravimetric method)” addresses paper testing and includes the ANOVA equations that have also been used to analyze scanning data. In the 1990s, TAPPI published TIP 1101-01 “Calculation and partitioning of variance using paper machine scanning\u0000sensor measurements,” which contained simple formulas that were easy to implement and could be used by a novice to generate statistics on a spreadsheet. All involved quality control system (QCS) suppliers agreed to support this common method in their QCS. TIP 1101 was recently revised, and this paper concerns the analysis of data collected from a scanning sensor in a QCS and the creation of a common method for the calculation of reel statistics by TAPPI’s Process Control Division.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114835297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fabrication of cross-linked starch-based nanofibrous mat with optimized diameter 最佳直径交联淀粉基纳米纤维垫的制备

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.32964/TJ18.6.381

Zahra Ashrafi, S. Mazinani, A. A. Gharehaghaji, L. Lucia

{"title":"Fabrication of cross-linked starch-based nanofibrous mat with optimized diameter","authors":"Zahra Ashrafi, S. Mazinani, A. A. Gharehaghaji, L. Lucia","doi":"10.32964/TJ18.6.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ18.6.381","url":null,"abstract":"The design and synthesis of natural and synthetic polymer blends have received recent and wide attention. These new biomaterials exhibit progress in properties required in the field of medicine and healthcare. Herein, the aim of present study is to fabricate starch (ST)/polyacrylic acid (PAA) electrospun nanofibrous mat with a smooth and uniform morphology, lowest fiber diameter (below 100 nm) and the highest possible starch content. Starch itself is poor in process-ability, and its electrospinning could be quite a challenging process. To address this, we carried out the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for modelling the electrospinning process. In order to have ST/PAA nanofibers with the finest possible diameter, optimized processing parameters (applied voltage, nozzle‐collector distance and feed rate) obtained from RSM technique were applied. ST/PAA electrospun nanofibers with an average diameter of 74±13 nm were successfully achieved via the electrospinning method for the first time. The structure, preparation and properties of the nanofibrous structure were discussed. Results indicated that drug loaded ST/PAA blend nanofibrous structure has a great potential to be used in controlled drug release systems.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122627691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Large data set analysis to determine refiner plate total cost of ownership 大数据集分析，确定精炼板总拥有成本

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.32964/TJ18.6.391

J. Dejarnette, H. Moynihan, P. Hart

引用次数: 0

The sticky behavior of pulp and paper mill biosludge during drying 纸浆和造纸厂生物污泥在干燥过程中的粘性行为

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.32964/TJ18.6.353

G. Hovey, D. G. Allen, H. Tran

引用次数: 1

Fundamental molecular characterization and comparison of the O, D0, and E stage effluents from hardwood pulp bleaching 硬木纸浆漂白O、D0和E级出水的基本分子特性及比较

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.32964/TJ18.6.341

Juliana M. Jardim, Xueyu Du, P. Hart, L. Lucia, H. Jameel, Hou‐min Chang, H. Gracz

{"title":"Fundamental molecular characterization and comparison of the O, D0, and E stage effluents from hardwood pulp bleaching","authors":"Juliana M. Jardim, Xueyu Du, P. Hart, L. Lucia, H. Jameel, Hou‐min Chang, H. Gracz","doi":"10.32964/TJ18.6.341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ18.6.341","url":null,"abstract":"The present study characterized effluents from the O, D0, and E stages using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) techniques to better understand the chemical nature of the dissolved organics formed from the bleaching of a high-yield hardwood kraft pulp. Understanding the structures and molecular weight distribution of these organics is the first step in developing methods to mitigate these contaminates in the discharged effluents. The results indicated that the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the dissolved organics from oxygen delignification effluent is broader than those from D0 and E stage effluents. In addition, the O stage filtrate contained considerable amounts of lignin and xylan fragments, which showed its efficiency in removing such materials. The effluent from the D0 stage contained a lower amount of high molecular weight fragments and a higher amount of low molecular weight fragments versus the O-stage filtrate. Aromatic structures were nearly absent in the D0 stage filtrate, but the degraded organic material, presumably from oxidized lignin, contained olefinic (C=C) and carbonyl (C=O) functional groups. Furthermore, higher molecular weight fragments were detected in the E-stage effluent, presumably due to the extensive solubilization and removal of the oxidized lignin generated from the D0 pulp.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121824841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Control of bovine tick [Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus] with Brunfelsia uniflora leaf extract 单花布兰叶提取物防治牛蜱[微蜱]

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1653

E. Y. Y. Sugauara, E. Sugauara, Rosângela Rumi Sugauara, W. Bortolucci, H. Oliveira, E. S. Silva, Caio Franco de Araújo Almeida Campos, J. Gonçalves, N. Colauto, Z. C. Gazim, G. Linde

{"title":"Control of bovine tick [Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus] with Brunfelsia uniflora leaf extract","authors":"E. Y. Y. Sugauara, E. Sugauara, Rosângela Rumi Sugauara, W. Bortolucci, H. Oliveira, E. S. Silva, Caio Franco de Araújo Almeida Campos, J. Gonçalves, N. Colauto, Z. C. Gazim, G. Linde","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1653","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine tick has caused losses in livestock production profitability in Brazil. However, tick control has caused resistance of these ectoparasites against utilized acaricides. Alternative tick controls have been utilizing plants as sources of effective botanical acaricides. Brunfelsia uniflora is a Brazilian plant with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity; however, there are no reports on its acaricidal activity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of B. uniflora leaf ethanolic extract and its efficiency to control bovine tick in vitro and free-living stage ex situ. The crude leaf extract was analyzed by gas chromatographer coupled to mass spectrometer (GC-MS) with identification of 17 compounds. The major compounds were phytol (22.96%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester (Z,Z,Z) (21.18%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (12.74%) and vitamin E (8.77%). The crude extract presented acaricidal activity in vitro against ingurgitated adult females, larvae and eggs of bovine tick. The LC99.9 for larvae was 103.21 mg mL-1 in in vitro tests and was 100% efficient for ex situ larva test (free-living stage). B. uniflora leaf extract is an alternative for the control of the bovine tick cycle, mainly in the free-living stage (non-parasitic stage) under field conditions.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115046435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Physiological tolerance to drought under high temperature in soybean cultivars 大豆品种高温下抗旱生理耐受性研究

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1767

Jônatas Neves de Castro, C. Müller, G. M. Almeida, A. C. Costa

{"title":"Physiological tolerance to drought under high temperature in soybean cultivars","authors":"Jônatas Neves de Castro, C. Müller, G. M. Almeida, A. C. Costa","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1767","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is one of the most economically important crops and has experienced adverse physiological and biochemical effects when subjected to drought stress and heat, resulting in lost productivity. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological, metabolic and growth responses of well-watered and drought-treated soybean cultivars under high temperature. The experimental design was set up in randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme with three soybean cultivars (7739 M, Anta 82 and Desafio) and two water levels (100% and 40% field capacity). The experiment was conducted in a controlled growth chamber with a gradual rise in temperature at 41°C for 5 hours daily. Morpho-physiological and metabolic analyses were performed 12 days after the treatments imposition. The parameters of water and osmotic potentials, relative water content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiratory rate, electron flux for the carboxylation and oxygenation of RuBisCO were decreased for all cultivars under water deficit and high temperature. The results showed that the photorespiration and the rate of electrolyte leakage were increased as well. These results showed that these physiological behaviors are standard for soybean plants under water deficit, regardless of cultivars. The cultivars 7739 M and Desafio showed lower performance than the cultivar Anta 82 for the parameters of total electron flow and effective quantum yield of PS II. The 7739 M and Anta 82 were the only cultivars to show increased non-photochemical quenching dissipation and total soluble sugar content, respectively, under stress conditions. Desafio cultivar demonstrated greater physiological and growth traits stability, which could potentially indicate double tolerance to these stresses.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128273696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Environmental variables contributing to differential performance of tropical maize hybrids across heat stress environments in South Asia 环境变量导致南亚热带玉米杂交种在热胁迫环境中的差异表现

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1326

M. Vinayan, P. Zaidi, K. Seetharam, A. Alam, S. Ahmed, K. B. Koirala, Arshad, P. Kuchanur, A. Patil, S. Mandal

{"title":"Environmental variables contributing to differential performance of tropical maize hybrids across heat stress environments in South Asia","authors":"M. Vinayan, P. Zaidi, K. Seetharam, A. Alam, S. Ahmed, K. B. Koirala, Arshad, P. Kuchanur, A. Patil, S. Mandal","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1326","url":null,"abstract":"Heat stress resilience in maize hybrids is emerging as an important trait in germplasm targeted for cultivation in the post-rainy season spring in South Asia. One of the major challenges in targeted breeding for these agro-ecologies is the differential response of maize genotypes to heat stress across locations during the spring season. This study is targeted at identifying the major environmental variables that contributed to the genotype × environmental (GEI) yield variations observed among genotypes grown in response to heat stress. The trial dataset used for this study constitutes 46 trials × location combinations spread over a period of three years (2013-2015). Partial least square (PLS) regression analysis was implemented to decipher the important environmental variables contributing to the observed yield variation among maize trials planted during spring across locations of South Asia. The first two factors from the PLS study explained the 30 per cent yield variation across trials. The largest contributor of this variation was relative humidity (RH) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) during flowering stage of the crop across the years.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125783796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Concentration of macronutrients in degraded tropical pasture in recovery rainy periods using wood 退化热带草地在恢复雨季使用木材时宏量营养素的浓度

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1710

E. M. Bonfim-Silva, A. Schlichting, T. D. Silva

{"title":"Concentration of macronutrients in degraded tropical pasture in recovery rainy periods using wood","authors":"E. M. Bonfim-Silva, A. Schlichting, T. D. Silva","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1710","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the average concentration of macronutrients in the rainy periods in Urochloa brizantha pasture fertilized with doses of wood ash associated with application management. Experiment was carried out in the field condition in two years at a degraded pasture in the Brazilian Cerrado (Tropical savanna). Experimental design was a 6x2 factorial scheme, corresponding to six doses of plant ash (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 t ha-1) associated with two treatments of wood ash: light application and superficial grade (without incorporation) with four replicates. The wood ash was derived from the industrial boiler combustion of plant materials. Average concentration of the macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur) were measured in plants. The analyzes of Marandu grass during the rainy season was evaluated from each evaluation year. The mean nutrient concentrations per year were calculated after the nutritional evaluation of four pasture cuttings. It was verified that the wood ash improves the nutritional quality of the recovering pasture. the wood ash doses between 9 and 12 t ha-1 presented greater nutrient concentration in plants. The incorporation of the wood ash in the soil assisted to better nutrient availability to the Marandu grass. The nutritive value of pasture depends on the applied ash quality as an alternative fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124562814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Drought and salinity stresses in barley: Consequences and mitigation strategies 大麦的干旱和盐胁迫:后果和缓解战略

June 2019 Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1286

Ayman El Sabagh, A. Hossain, Md. Shohidul Islam, C. Barutçular, S. Hussain, M. Hasanuzzaman, Tauseef Akram, M. Mubeen, W. Nasim, S. Fahad, Narendra Kumar, R. Meena, F. Kizilgeci, M. Yildirim, D. Ratnasekera, H. Saneoka

{"title":"Drought and salinity stresses in barley: Consequences and mitigation strategies","authors":"Ayman El Sabagh, A. Hossain, Md. Shohidul Islam, C. Barutçular, S. Hussain, M. Hasanuzzaman, Tauseef Akram, M. Mubeen, W. Nasim, S. Fahad, Narendra Kumar, R. Meena, F. Kizilgeci, M. Yildirim, D. Ratnasekera, H. Saneoka","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.06.P1286","url":null,"abstract":"Recent trends show reductions in crop productivity worldwide due to severe climatic change. Different abiotic stresses significantly affect the growth and development of plants, leading to decreased crop yields. Salinity and drought stresses are the most common abiotic stresses, especially in arid and semi–arid regions, and are major constraints for barley production. The present review attempts to provide comprehensive information related to barley plant responses and adaptations to drought and salinity stresses, including physiological and agronomic, in order to alleviate the adverse effect of stresses in barley. These stresses reduce assimilation rates, as they decrease stomatal conductance, disrupt photosynthetic pigments, reduce gas exchange, enhance production of reactive oxygen species, and lead to decreased plant growth and productivity. This review focuses on the strategies plants use to respond and adapt to drought and salinity stress. Plants utilize a range of physiological and biochemical mechanisms such as adaptation strategies, through which the adverse effects can be mitigated. These include soil management practices, crop establishment, as well as foliar application of anti-oxidants and growth regulators that maintain an appropriate level of water in the leaves to facilitate adjustment of osmotic and stomatal performance. The present review highlighted the adverse effect of drought and salinity stresses barley and their mitigation strategies for sustainable barley production under changing climate. They review also underscored that exogenous application of different antioxidants could play a significant role in the alleviation of salinity and drought stress in plant systems.","PeriodicalId":227331,"journal":{"name":"June 2019","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116913512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23