The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease最新文献

{"title":"Cerebral perfusion correlates with amyloid deposition in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Caixia Wang, Deli Ji, Xiao Su, Fang Liu, Yanxin Zhang, Qingzheng Lu, Li Cai, Ying Wang, Wen Qin, Gebeili Xing, Peng Liu, Xin Liu, Meili Liu, Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) may contribute to the initial stages of the pathophysiological process in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hypoperfusion has been observed in several brain regions in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the clinical significance of CBF changes in the early stages of AD is currently unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics, diagnostic value and cognitive correlation of cerebral perfusion measured with arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with MCI due to AD.</p><p><strong>Design, setting and participants: </strong>A total of fifty-nine MCI patients and 49 cognitively unimpaired controls (CUCs) were recruited and underwent multimodal MRI scans, including pseudocontinuous ASL, and neurocognitive testing. MCI patients were dichotomously classified according to the presence of amyloid deposition on ¹¹C-labelled Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The differences in CBF and expression of the AD-related perfusion pattern (ADRP), established by spatial covariance analysis in our previous study, were compared between the PiB+ MCI group and the CUC group and between the PiB+ and PiB- MCI groups. The diagnostic accuracy and correlations with cognitive function scores for CBF and ADRP expression were further analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypoperfusion in the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was more characteristic of patients with MCI due to AD than of those with non-AD-related MCI. The relative regional CBF value of the left precuneus best distinguished patients with MCI due to AD from CUCs and patients with MCI due to non-AD conditions. Cerebral perfusion, as indicated by either the relative regional CBF or the expression score of the ADRP, was strongly correlated with certain cognitive function scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Here, we show that changes in CBF in the precuneus/PCC are promising MRI biomarkers for the identification of an AD etiology in patients with MCI. ASL, a noninvasive and cost-effective tool, has broad application prospects in the screening and early diagnosis of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143041993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease: The Framingham Heart Study.","authors":"Galit Weinstein, Daniel Kojis, Ayantika Banerjee, Sudha Seshadri, Maura Walker, Alexa S Beiser","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultra-processed food consumption is emerging as a risk factor for various cardiometabolic diseases, however its association with dementia and Alzheimer's disease has rarely been explored.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We sought to examine whether ultra-processed food consumption is associated with risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease among middle-age and older adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The Framingham Heart Study, a single-site, community-based cohort study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Offspring cohort participants who attended examination cycles 5 (1991-1995) and 7 (1998-2001) at age ≥60 years and who were dementia-free at baseline.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Nutritional information was retrieved from food frequency questionnaires, and ultra-processed food was categorized based on the NOVA system. Participants were followed-up for all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study sample included 1,375 participants free of dementia and stroke at baseline (mean age 68 ± 6y, 54 % females). During a mean follow-up of 12.7 ± 6.0 years, 224 and 172 individuals were diagnosed with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease, respectively. An interaction of ultra-processed food consumption with age was observed with regard to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (p for interaction = 0.02 and 0.007, respectively). Therefore, all analyses were stratified by the median age of 68 years. Among participants who were <68 years of age at baseline, each serving per day of ultra-processed food was associated with 13 % increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (HR = 1.13, 95 % CI:1.03-1.25), and consumption of ≥10 servings/day vs. <10 servings/day of ultra-processed food was associated with a 2.7-fold increase in Alzheimer's disease risk (HR = 2.71, 95 % CI:1.18-6.24), after adjustment for age, sex, education, total energy, metabolic factors and diet quality. The associations with all-cause dementia were less robust, and no significant findings were observed when age at baseline was 68 years or above.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that consumption of ultra-processed food in middle-age may be linked with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease. Future clinical studies are warranted to assess whether reduction of ultra-processed food consumption improves brain health.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100042"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of dementia diagnosis in U.S. primary care in the past decade: A scoping review.","authors":"Chelsea G Cox, Barbara L Brush, Lindsay C Kobayashi, J Scott Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are chronically underdiagnosed in the U.S., particularly among minoritized racial and ethnic groups. Primary care providers are at the forefront of diagnosis given the increasing prevalence of cases and shortage of dementia specialists. Advances in policy, detection, and treatment in the past decade necessitate an updated review of the current state of determinants of ADRD diagnosis in U.S. primary care settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, we conducted a scoping literature review on ADRD diagnosis among older adults in U.S. primary care settings. Studies published in English from January 2010 to January 2024 were retrieved from PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. We extracted primary data on study characteristics and synthesized key findings according to facilitators, barriers, and rates of diagnosis in primary care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 563 articles retrieved, 12 met eligibility criteria. Three studies reported rates of diagnosis, and all but one reported facilitators and/or barriers to diagnosis. ADRD remains underdiagnosed in primary care settings, especially in the earliest symptomatic stage (i.e., mild cognitive impairment). Multi-level barriers and facilitators were identified including individual beliefs about ADRD (e.g., value of early diagnosis), interpersonal relationships between patients and their family members and providers (e.g., importance of an established clinical relationship), and healthcare system limitations (e.g., insufficient resources and training).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite national policy efforts to improve timely diagnosis of ADRD, underdiagnosis remains a clinical and public health challenge. Increased attention to social and community contexts will be important for future research and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143041961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood-brain barrier integrity disruption is associated with both chronic vascular risk factors and white matter hyperintensities.","authors":"James Xiao Yuan Chen, Ashwati Vipin, Gurveen Kaur Sandhu, Yi Jin Leow, Fatin Zahra Zailan, Pricilia Tanoto, Ee Soo Lee, Khang Leng Lee, Christine Cheung, Nagaendran Kandiah","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) like hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes mellitus are increasingly linked to cognitive decline and dementia, especially in cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are closely associated with cognitive impairment, but the mechanisms behind their development remain unclear. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may be a key factor, particularly in cSVD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the relationship between CRFs, BBB integrity, and WMH burden.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>The study included 155 participants from the Biomarkers and Cognition Study, Singapore (BIOCIS). CRFs were assessed through blood tests for glucose and lipid profiles, and blood pressure measurements. WMH volumes were quantified using MRI.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>BBB integrity was evaluated using a Transendothelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) assay with human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMEC) exposed to participant plasma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma from individuals with a higher WMH burden was associated with increased BBB disruption in hBMEC. Higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as body mass index, were correlated with greater BBB disruption. Regression analyses revealed that elevated blood glucose and lipid levels were linked to increased BBB disruption. Both periventricular and subcortical WMH burdens were associated with increased BBB disruption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a relationship between CRFs, BBB disruption, and WMH burden, suggesting that CRFs may impair BBB integrity and contribute to WMH and cognitive decline in cSVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143041991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and mental demands of work associated with dementia risk in later life.","authors":"Hang-Ju Yang, Yun-Chieh Yang, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Wan-Ju Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2025.100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2025.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work occupies a significant portion of adult life, and both cognitive stimulation and physical activity have been suggested as factors that may lower dementia risk in later life.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the association between mental and physical demands at work and the risk of dementia.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Seven selected districts in Taiwan, covering both urban and rural areas.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>4,083 community-dwelling healthy adults aged 55 and older from the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>A job matrix of work conditions by occupation was generated using data from a representative national survey. Mental demands were assessed by job control and psychological demands from the Job Content Questionnaire, as well as skill levels. Physical demands were assessed using a 4-point Likert scale and dichotomized into high and low levels. Dementia diagnoses were identified based on physician diagnosis registered in the National Health Insurance database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a follow-up period of 6.2 years, 513 participants were diagnosed with dementia. After adjusting for confounding factors in cox regression models, high (vs. low) job control, high -skilled jobs (vs. low), and high physical demands (vs. low) were associated with a reduced future risk of dementia. Psychological demands were not associated with dementia risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater utilization of job skills and engagement in physically demanding activities at work may help mitigate the risk of developing dementia. The effects of different dimensions of psychological demands on cognitive health warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":" ","pages":"100084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct CSF α-synuclein aggregation profiles associated with Alzheimer's disease phenotypes and MCI-to-AD conversion.","authors":"Yanfei Ding, Lingbing Wang, Jun Liu, Yulei Deng, Yang Jiao, Aonan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>α-Synuclein (α-Syn) pathology is present in 30-50 % of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and its interactions with tau proteins may further exacerbate pathological changes in AD. However, the specific role of different aggregation forms of α-Syn in the progression of AD remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the relationship between various aggregation types of CSF α-Syn and Alzheimer's disease progression.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) to examine the association between different α-Syn aggregation forms-Syn0 (no detectable α-Syn aggregates) and Syn1 (α-Syn aggregates detected, resembling those found in Parkinson's disease)-with the pathological and clinical features of AD. Additionally, we evaluated their potential as predictors of conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The ADNI database.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 250 participants, including 70 cognitively normal controls, 119 patients diagnosed with MCI, and 61 patients diagnosed with AD.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Pearson correlation was employed to assess the relationship between α-Syn levels and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, including total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and amyloid-β₄₂ (Aβ₄₂). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were applied, adjusting for APOE4 status, age, and sex, to determine the association between α-Syn forms and AD-related pathological and clinical outcomes. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate the prognostic value of different α-Syn aggregation states in predicting the conversion from MCI to AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with controls, overall MCI and AD patients had elevated α-Syn levels. Notably, in the α-Syn0 group, α-Syn levels were increased in the MCI patients and further increased in AD patients, whereas in the α-Syn1 group, α-Syn levels did not significantly differ across diagnostic groups. Both in the α-Syn0 and α-Syn1 groups, α-Syn levels were found to correlate more strongly with CSF tau levels than with Aβ₄₂, indicating a possible role for α-Syn in tau-related pathology in AD. Importantly, α-Syn0-AD patients exhibited more rapid cognitive decline and greater hippocampal atrophy than α-Syn1-AD patients. However, MCI patients with CSF α-Syn1 aggregation status had an increased risk of conversion to AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CSF α-Syn is associated with tau pathology and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. The distinct aggregation profiles of α-Syn serve as valuable biomarkers, offering insights into differing prognoses in AD and aiding in the prediction of early disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100040"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing dementia prediction: A 19-year validation of the CAIDE risk score with insulin resistance and APOE ε4 integration in a population-based cohort.","authors":"Elina Pietilä, Eliisa Löyttyniemi, Seppo Koskinen, Jenni Lehtisalo, Matti Viitanen, Juha O Rinne, Antti Jula, Laura L Ekblad","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia is a significant cause of disability and dependency. Persons with high dementia risk but intact cognition will benefit from preventive interventions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim was to validate dementia risk score Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) in a national population-based cohort with data on age, education, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia and physical activity. Secondly, we examined if substituting obesity item with Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) would improve predictive value of CAIDE risk score.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Longitudinal, population-based cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>General population, Finland PARTICIPANTS: Representative sample of Finnish adult population aged over 30 years from Health 2000 Survey (n = 5,806).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>CAIDE dementia risk score and substituting BMI with HOMA-IR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dementia was diagnosed in 571 (9.8 %) participants during the 19 years follow-up. CAIDE risk score predicted dementia well: AUC (area under curve) ROC (receiver-operating characteristic) was 0.78 (95 % CI from 0.76 to 0.79). Secondly, replacing obesity with HOMA-IR in CAIDE risk score generated similar results: ROC AUC 0.78 (95 % CI from 0.76 to 0.80). Adding APOE ε4 status further improved predictive value of risk score: ROC AUC 0.81 (95 % CI from 0.80 to 0.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAIDE dementia risk score predicts dementia well in a national population-based cohort. Adding APOE ε4 genotype improved predictive value of risk score. Insulin resistance measured by HOMA-IR is comparable to obesity as part of CAIDE risk score. These findings imply that CAIDE risk score is applicable for assessing risk of dementia and highlight importance of modifiable risk factors of dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of statins use and genetic susceptibility with incidence of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Zirong Ye, Jiahe Deng, Xiuxia Wu, Jingwen Cai, Sicheng Li, Xiaochun Chen, Jiawei Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of statins use on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still under debate, and it could be modified by a series of factors.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to examine the association of statins use with the risk of cognitive impairment and AD, and assess the moderating roles of genetic susceptibility and other individual-related factors.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted from the UK Biobank where individuals completed baseline surveys (2006-2010) and were followed (mean follow-up period: 9 years).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A population-based study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 371,019 dementia-free participants (mean age 56.4 years; 53.6% female).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The effects of statins use on cognitive performance and incident AD were examined by using linear regression model and Cox proportional hazards regression model, respectively. We further evaluated the moderating roles of genetic risks and individual-related factors on both multiplicative and additive scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed statins use was associated with an increased risk of AD development [hazard ratio (HR) 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.30)] compared with no use of statins. We further found significant negative additive interactions of statins use with APOE ε4 allele. Besides, the effects of statins use would be modified by age, sex and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).</p><p><strong>Discussions: </strong>A protective effect of statins use was observed in those who carried two APOE ε4 alleles. Also, sex, age and CVDs could modify the effects of statins use, which would provide insights for the guideline of the statins therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100025"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying proteomic prognostic markers for Alzheimer's disease with survival machine learning: The Framingham Heart Study.","authors":"Yuanming Leng, Huitong Ding, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Rhoda Au, P Murali Doraiswamy, Chunyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Protein abundance levels, sensitive to both physiological changes and external interventions, are useful for assessing the Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk and treatment efficacy. However, identifying proteomic prognostic markers for AD is challenging by their high dimensionality and inherent correlations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study analyzed 1128 plasma proteins, measured by the SOMAscan platform, from 858 participants 55 years and older (mean age 63 years, 52.9 % women) of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring cohort. We conducted regression analysis and machine learning models, including LASSO-based Cox proportional hazard regression model (LASSO) and generalized boosted regression model (GBM), to identify protein prognostic markers. These markers were used to construct a weighted proteomic composite score, the AD prediction performance of which was assessed using time-dependent area under the curve (AUC). The association between the composite score and memory domain was examined in 339 (of the 858) participants with available memory scores, and in a separate group of 430 participants younger than 55 years (mean age 46, 56.7 % women).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a mean follow-up of 20 years, 132 (15.4 %) participants developed AD. After adjusting for baseline age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 + status, regression models identified 309 proteins (P ≤ 0.2). After applying machine learning methods, nine of these proteins were selected to develop a composite score. This score improved AD prediction beyond the factors of age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 + status across 15-25 years of follow-up, achieving its peak AUC of 0.84 in the LASSO model at the 22-year follow-up. It also showed a consistent negative association with memory scores in the 339 participants (beta = -0.061, P = 0.046), 430 participants (beta = -0.060, P = 0.018), and the pooled 769 samples (beta = -0.058, P = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the utility of machine learning method in identifying proteomic markers in improving AD prediction and emphasize the complex pathology of AD. The composite score may aid early AD detection and efficacy monitoring, warranting further validation in diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a group-based 8-week multicomponent cognitive training on cognition, mood and activities of daily living among healthy older adults: A two-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Patsri Srisuwan, Daochompu Nakawiro, Orawan Kuha, Supatcha Kengpanich, Kulachade Gesakomol, Sirinthorn Chansirikarnjana","doi":"10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2024.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive training (CT) has been one of the important non-pharmaceutical interventions that could delay cognitive decline. Currently, no definite CT methods are available. Furthermore, little attention has been paid to the effect of CT on mood and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent CT using a training program of executive functions, attention, memory and visuospatial functions (TEAM-V Program) on cognition, mood and instrumental ADL.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A randomized, single-blinded, treatment-as-usual controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Geriatric clinic in Bangkok, Thailand.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>80 nondemented community-dwelling older adults (mean age 65.7 ± 4.3 years).</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>The CT (TEAM-V) Program or the treatment-as-usual controlled group. The TEAM-V intervention was conducted over 5 sessions, with a 2-week interval between each session. A total of 80 participants were randomized (n = 40 the TEAM-V Program; n = 40 the control group).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The Thai version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-cog), Thai version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and The Chula ADL were used to assess at baseline, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control arm (n = 36), the TEAM-V Program (n = 39) was associated with significantly improved general cognition (MoCA, P = 0.02) at 2 years. Compared with baseline, participants receiving the TEAM-V Program were associated with significantly improved immediate recall (word recall task, P < 0.001), retrieval and retention of memory processes (word recognition task, P = 0.01) and attention (number cancellation part A, P = 0.01) at 2 years. No training effects on anxiety (P = 0.94), depression (P = 0.093) and IADL (P = 0.48) were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TEAM-V Program was effective in improving global cognitive function. Even though, the program did not significantly improve anxiety, depression and IADL compared with the control group, memory and attention improved in the intervention group compared with baseline. Further studies incorporating a larger sample size, longitudinal follow-up and higher-intensity CT should be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":22711,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"12 2","pages":"100033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}