The Journal of Community Health Management最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practices on rabies prevention among the patient attending the antirabies vaccination clinics (ARV) in tertiary health care centre in central India","authors":"Shyam Rathod, S. Thakre, A. Jadhao, Subhash B. Thakre, Hitesh C. Tayade, Uma Mahesswaran, Sachin Kumare","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.023","url":null,"abstract":": We conducted KAP studies on Rabies Prevention among Patient attending ARV clinic of tertiary health care centre in central India. There is a paucity of published literature describing the public’s knowledge, attitude and practices of rabies prevention in central India, information that is critical to developing effective interventions and government policies. Hence the present study was conducted among 135 study participant who are attending ARV clinics of tertiary health care centre in central India. To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on rabies prevention among the patient attending the ARV clinics. To assess the Proportion of animal exposure in the study area and to find out the association of socio-demographic factors with knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) related to rabies. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 135 eligible participants in rabies vaccination clinics (ARV). We performed a face-to-face interview to investigate the rabies KAP of these participants using a self-designed questionnaire consulted with experts was done. Study was conducted from January to March 2022 by using consecutive sampling till the sample size was achieved. Factors associated with the KAP were evaluated using logistic regression models, 48.14 % participant aware regarding rabies disease, Younger age, and graduate and above had higher score compared to old age and less than high school, Participants who were younger (p < 0.000), who received better education (p < 0.000), and who reported good economic status (p = 0.05) were more likely to have higher scores of attitudes, participant who had older age (p<0.007).who had less education (p<0.00),who had poor socio-economic status (p<0.00) had lower score.: Lack of knowledge and attitude is suboptimal in study participant however practice regarding rabies vaccination is good in male and younger population.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84376052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions and practices of COVID-19 among the elderly in rural India: A cross-sectional study during the pandemic lockdown","authors":"R. Soares, Philomena Zacharias","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.019","url":null,"abstract":": During the COVID-19 pandemic, the elderly were the worst affected due to their co-morbidities and social and financial dependency. Limited access to resources contributed to the problem.: To assess the perceptions and practices regarding COVID-19 in the elderly attending the outpatient department of a government hospital and to assess the socio-cultural problems faced by the geriatric population due to the change in social situation as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.: A cross-sectional study was carried out using an interviewer administered schedule to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of COVID-19 among 124 elderly who visited the hospital in the study period for various reasons. : The mean age of the subjects was 67.65 years +/- 7.04. Hypertension and diabetes were present among 40.8% and 32.0% respectively. Awareness of common symptoms of COVID-19 was present among 80.6%, awareness of mode of spread among 79.8% and preventive measures among 97.5%. Knowledge of mask as a preventive measure was present among 49.2% of the subjects, reusing the masks was done by 94.3% and covering both nose and mouth was performed by only 57.2%. 78.2% firmly believed that treatment for the disease does not exist. 71.0% felt that social distancing is difficult to accomplish. Vaccine hesitancy was also an important factor unearthed by our study.: Our study found that most of the elderly attending the outpatient clinic were aware of government recommended guidelines concerning COVID -19 safety precautions, but were not following them as per recommendations. We recommend a three-pronged model addressing the issues of citizens, raising awareness on guidelines of COVID-19 prevention and prevention of overcrowding.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75903587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical research: The flop side","authors":"B. Mishra","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.011","url":null,"abstract":"Science in general and medical and allied sciences, in particular, have undergone a sea of change since its conception. In recent times it is experiencing exponential growth due to vast technological advances in the field of research. While some are on the right track others are in the wrong hands.This editorial explores the latter part, which needs immediate global attention. If corrective measures are not honestly and immediately implemented the end product will brew more trouble than any good for mankind.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84271922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of breast self-examination (BSE) on school teachers","authors":"M. Goud B. K., S. Begum, N. Asif, Nishani Ivanthima, Mohamed Mahmoud, Shahul Hamid Khan","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.014","url":null,"abstract":"Globally breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in females and is a major health problem. Breast self-examination (BSE) is an important tool for the prevention and maintenance of health. Fostering education and skill training to the women to perform BSE correctly will improve the prognosis and reduce mortality. This study was designed with the objective to evaluate the impact of BSE on school teachers.The study was conducted at RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE. Pretest and post-test research design with convenience sampling technique was used in the present study. The subjects enrolled were 145 school teachers of the age group from 21 to 55 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data was collected using a prevalidated structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Pre-and post-intervention results were calculated using paired t-test.There was a significant increase in the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP)scores after post-test (17.2) when compared to the pre-test (12.5). The p-value for the pre-test and post-test scores of KAP regarding breast self-examination was <0.0001.The present study concludes the structured educational program positively influenced school teachers on breast self- examination.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73369584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological appraisal of tobacco users among college students in a north Indian town","authors":"J. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.020","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco use is one of the important causes of preventable morbidity & mortality. Worldwide there are 1.1 billion tobacco users with 182 million living in India. College students are highly vulnerable because of their young age, curious mind and adventurous behaviour. Considering potential risk, it was decided to ascertain trend, social risks and correlates of tobacco use among under-graduates in a north Indian town. 228 under-graduate students of a college were selected by stratified random sampling and studied during May – July 2018. Institutional approval and individual consent were taken. A pre-tested, structured proforma was introduced to students in small batches to obtain information on demographic traits, smoking habits and smoking related attributing factors. Data obtained was tabulated and statistically analysed. Majority of the students (67.1%) belonged to 21-25 years age. 65.7% were male and 15.79% of them were using tobacco. Girls didn’t indulge in tobacco. Significantly higher proportions of smokers were hostellers, belonged to lower middle class families from rural linage. Smoker’s son indulged in smoking significantly more than son of non-smokers. Imitating smoker father or brother found significantly contributory. 37-60% knew about ill effects of smoking through media or warning on packs. Study showed relatively petite trend with significant cognizance of adverse effects of smoking among collegiate portraying a favourable prospect anew from past observations. Identification of at-risk students is a felt-need and is advocated to be addressed among collegiate through periodic campaign.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88575762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health informatics and health information management: future trends for information technology in health sciences","authors":"Harsheen Gill, Mandeep Kaur, S. Sandhu, A. Sandhu","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.017","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare is at an important crossroads in that current models of care are increasingly seen by politicians and policymakers as unsustainable. Furthermore, there is a need to move away from the reactive, doctor-centred model of care to one that is more patient-centred and that consistently delivers accessible, high-quality and safe care to all. Greater use of health information technology (HIT) is seen by many key decision makers as crucial to this transformation process and, hence, substantial investments are made in this area. However, healthcare, particularly in hospitals, remains a laggard in health information technology (HIT) adoption. To uncover the underlying reasons, we discuss current implementation and adoption challenges and explore potential ways to address these. We outline strategic, organisational, technical and social factors that can ‘make or break’ technological implementations. Most importantly, we suggest that efforts should be characterised by an underlying awareness of the complexity of the hospital environment and the need to develop tools that support provision of integrated multidisciplinary care. We conclude with a discussion of promising future developments, including increased patient involvement; access and contribution to shared records; the penetration of smart devices; greater health information exchange and interoperability; and innovative real-time secondary uses of data.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74776722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes towards selfie-taking and its relation to body dysmorphic disorder among pre-clinical medical students","authors":"Haneen A Moumina, Luluah D Altamimi, Sarah M Alshawi, Wid Kattan","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.013","url":null,"abstract":"Selfies are self-taken images of people that can reflect human feelings and can disseminate different messages. It is thought that technology has played a big part in the evolution of what is termed nowadays “selfie addiction”. The goal of this study is to examine the prevalence and correlation of Selfie Addiction and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) using two scales – the Psychometric scale for selfie addiction and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). This study examines these two phenomena amongst preclinical medical students of King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.This was across-sectional research, which involved 317 preclinical medical students from King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The psychometric scale for selfie addiction is a Likert Scale with ten statements, while the BDDQ constitutes of four statements. The data was collected between 16/2/2021 and 31/10/2021. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained at the beginning of the study.There were a total of 317 responses. The overall prevalence of selfie addiction was 13.88% with females having higher rates than males (22.5% versus 11.4%), and more senior students having a higher prevalence than their junior colleagues (19.5% versus 7.8%). Also, being single was associated with higher scores of (14.0%) compared to the married group (0%). The average score for selfie addiction was 18.66 which is below the cutoff score of 30. The prevalence of BDD was (5.67%), and the average score of BDDQ was 1.03 with a range of 0-4 and standard deviation of 1.3. There was no significant correlation between BDD and demographic variables. There was a very weak correlation between BDD and selfie addiction; the Pearson Correlation value was (r = 0.144, p= 0.01). However, a Chi square comparing those who were addicted to selfies versus not (based on the cutoff score) showed a significant difference in BDD scores. (p=0.044) indicating possible correlation. Results show that the prevalence of selfie addiction was 13.88% which seems significant. BDD had a lower prevalence of 5.67%. Factors related to higher rates of selfie addiction included being a more senior student, being single and female. In contrast, these demographic factors did not seem to be related to BDD. Finally, there was a weak correlation between BDD and selfie addiction. More research is needed to study the correlation between the two domains in different populations.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78313251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of traditional puffing of a nutritious local grain (Amaranthus spp.) and development of a scalable business model supporting community health","authors":"Iksha Chhabra, Avneet Kaur","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.016","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting and encouraging use of diverse nutritious grains is not only healthy but can also, provide livelihood opportunities to rural groups.The study attempted a farm to table approach by standardizing traditional puffing of amaranth grains and training women for a batch scale process to develop a scalable business model. Manual puffing process for amaranth grains was developed and standardized. Puffed samples were compared with market samples for sensory parameters, expansion ratio, nutritive composition and sodium content using SPSS and MS-excel statistical analysis.It was observed that direct heat puffing of cleaned and sieved grains on inclined karahis, provided good puffing efficiency (approximate 94%). Manually puffed grains had similar nutritional values and were crunchier than the market samples. Though, the machine puffed samples had better expansion ratio but, a higher sodium content of 1349.01 ± 0.073 and 1346.15 ± 0.014 mg/100g was reported when compared with manually puffed grains having only 135.3 ±0.037mg/100g of sodium. Individual capacities of women were observed for six months to develop a learning curve to understand production efficiencies. The production capacity of women ranged from 2250 kg to 3250 kg per month. A traceable model was developed, by procuring grains from small and marginal farmers, and processing undertaken by trained women groups. A production of 34, 936 kg of puffed grain in the FY 2020-21 indicated a potential for a sustainable business supporting livelihoods and health.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74292882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low bone mineral density and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – A missed correlation","authors":"B. Gowthami, J. K. Mishra, R. Srivastava, D. Shah, G. Srivastava, K. Sravani","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.015","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disorder involving various other systems in the body apart from lungs. Such co-existence leads to worsening of disease control and associated increase in the morbidity as well as mortality of the diseased patients. They COPD patients are more prone for association with low fat free mass and low bone mineral density owing to pronounced persistent inflammation and various other associated risk factors. Low bone mineral density in those patients lead to the development of osteoporosis in those patients. Osteoporosis also worsens COPD and reduce their symptom free survival and reduction in day-to-day activities. However, the occurrence of osteoporosis in COPD patients is not well represented. The main objective is to study the occurrence of low bone mineral density leading to osteoporosis and osteopenia in COPD individuals and to propose various risk Factors leading to its development. This cross-sectional prevalence study was done in a tertiary care hospital in the department of Respiratory medicine over a period of 2 years. 100 diagnosed patients of COPD by spirometry (FEV/FVC < 0.70) according to GOLD guidelines were included in the study. Spirometry was done to group the patients in various grades of airflow obstruction severity and DXA scan of lumbar spine was done with the help of bone densitometer to determine the T-scores and to look for the presence of any reduction in Bone Mineral Density (BMI) satisfying WHO osteoporosis diagnostic guidelines. Among the 100 patients of COPD, 52 patients (52%) had osteoporosis and 22 patients (22%) had osteopenia. Majority of the patients (96.1%) who had osteoporosis were confined to stages 3 and 4 GOLD grading of severity of airflow obstruction. Patients in stages III and IV of airflow obstruction severity were found to have reduction in their bone mineral density. Underweight COPD patients were found to have higher cases of osteoporosis. On analysis; female sex, severe degree of airflow obstruction, Underweight, intake of higher doses of inhalational and oral or systemic corticosteroids, frequent exacerbations and deficiency of 1,25-Dihydrocholecalciferol were observed as risk factors for osteoporosis in COPD patients. In this study, the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia were 52% and 22% respectively in the COPD patients. The risk of acquiring osteoporosis increased with the airflow obstruction severity. Thus, a high index of clinical suspicion and early diagnosis of it is essential to evaluate for osteoporosis in COPD and to treat it early to prevent further disability, morbidity and mortality and to improve the quality of life in COPD patients.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80938545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review on the experience of “Family Adoption Programme” in a tertiary care institute","authors":"B. Arumugam, L. Sanjana, D. Singh, P. Kuppuraj, T. S. M. Sayee","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.012","url":null,"abstract":"Family Adoption Programme (FAP) aims to provide an experiential learning opportunity to Indian medical graduates towards community-based health care and thereby equity in health. FAP is recommended as a part of curriculum of Community Medicine subject and should begin from first professional year with competencies being spread in ascending manner for entire MBBS training program. The family adoption should preferably include villages not covered under PHCs/RHTC adopted by the medical college. Medical students may be divided into teams and each team may be allotted visits with five families per student. A brief sensitization session on the needs and competencies of Family Adoption Programme (FAP) as recommended by the National Medical Council of India was conducted which was followed by sensitization of the students to the FAP document prepared by the department along with hands on practice. Then the students along with their team members visited nearby three villages (Tenmathur, Endal and Kolakudi) for their first family adoption visit. During the visit, they interacted with the family and details were documented, the mentors refined the corrections of the document, and then the students were made to present their families in the power point presentation with their reflective experience of the first family adoption programme visit.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79642300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}