The Journal of Community Health Management最新文献

{"title":"Demographic & health profile of tribal population of telangana - A cross sectional study","authors":"M. Hima Bindu, K. Joshi, Deepak Jamadar","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"Adivasi is the collective term commonly used for the Tribes of the Indian subcontinent who constitute 8.6% of the total Indian population. Apart from high rates of malnutrition and communicable diseases, rapid urbanisation, and changing lifestyles and environment, has led to a rise in non-communicable diseases also. The objective of the study is to determine the socio demographic profile of the study population and to identify the health problems of the study population. A survey based cross-sectional study was conducted between Dec-2021 to Jan-2022in Appapur&Bowrapur villages of Nagarkurnool district,Telanagana. Convenience sampling procedure was followed. A pre-tested questionnaire regarding demographic & health profile was used. Data was entered systematically / scored accordingly in MS-Excel software. The statistical software SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Among the total study population, the Mean age was 28.12. Majority participants (66.1%) were females and most of them (72.7%) were Illiterates with 50% population being alcoholics. Generalized weakness was the major health problem seen, and 19.6% population were found to be hypertensive. About 73.2% population were aware regarding the transmission and precautions of COVID and 64.3% aware regarding the vaccination for COVIDAbout one fourth of the study subjects were aged above 45 years and about two thirds were females and Illiterates and were in unskilled occupations. Alcoholism was the major addiction seen in half of the people. Majority population were suffering from generalized weakness. Majority population were aware regarding the transmission, precautions and vaccination for COVID.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90344477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective cross-sectional study assessing adverse events following immunization (AEFI) of COVID 19 vaccine in a subset of Indian population","authors":"Santosh Vasavi, Poojita Santosh Rao, D. Langade","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.029","url":null,"abstract":"As the COVID-19 pandemic is an emerging healthcare concern, there has been swift vaccine development with minimal clinical trials questioning its protective efficacy outside of clinical trial conditions. The study aims to analyze the adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with COVID-19 vaccines among the domestic Indian population. It also aimed to evaluate the association between AEFI and demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and type of vaccine. This cross-sectional survey included participants ≥ 18 years of Indian origin for passive reporting of AEFI with COVID-19 vaccination using a questionnaire. The incidence of AEFI was calculated in percentage; the Chi-square test was used to determine associations between AEFI and independent variables. The incidence of reported AEFI was 76.4%. The most frequently reported AEFI was redness [74.38% (n = 328)], followed by pain [52.83% (n = 233)], swelling [52.83% (n = 233)], and fever [50.34% (n = 222)]. The majority of AEFIs were mild to moderate and resolved spontaneously. Females had significantly more AEFI with longer duration than males. The type of vaccine received had no significant effect on the number or duration of AEFI; 3.63% tested positive for COVID-19 after the first dose and 3.11% after the second dose of the vaccine, with no significant correlation between comorbidities and the presence of AEFI. More than three-fourths of the vaccines resulted in one or more forms of adverse events, but most events were self-limiting. Females were more prone to develop AEFI. Knowledge about what to expect after vaccination will help educate the public, allay misconceptions and reduce vaccine hesitancy.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84542762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on gender preference among pregnant women attending the tertiary care Hospital, Valsad: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ravikant R. Patel, Hinaben R. Patel","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.026","url":null,"abstract":"Child sex ratio has been declining over a period of time. Preference for a male child by the family leading to sex selective abortion is found to be a major factor which may have adverse impact on the social structure. The social evil female feticide and infanticide can be eradicated only when we identify the reasons of gender preference and recognize the importance of women in their life. Preference for male baby reflects underlying socioeconomic and cultural patterns and prevailing inequity between genders in many societies in India. So this study was undertaken to find out the gender preference and various reasons for gender preference among antenatal women.This study was conducted among ANC mothers to know 1. Epidemiological factors of pregnant mother affecting the gender preference 2. Know the gender preference among ANC Mother for current pregnancy 3. Know the reasons for gender preference. A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among 100 antenatal women attending to Outpatient department of tertiary care hospital in the months of July-August 2021. Written consent was obtained after being briefed in detail about the aim and objectives of the study. Information was obtained using a pre-tested questionnaire on Demographic details, Obstetrics details, order of pregnancy, gender preference by the mother and reasons for gender preference etc. The data was entered and analyzed by using statistical software. In our study mean age of pregnant mother is 23±2SD, 15% mothers are illiterate and 58% from general category and 51% are residing in Nuclear family. 40.0% of pregnant mother had male gender preference and main reason for male gender preference was previous female child (60.0%), income purpose (57.50%), for generation constitution (45.0%) and demand of in laws (45.0%). We also noted the reason for non-preference of female child and noted that 87.5% had already a female child in their family.A desire for a balanced number of daughters and sons and a preference were observed. A son preference was observed among pregnant mothers for various reasons such as Income purpose, generation constitution, demand of in laws etc.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80080839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of COVID in-patients treated in a tertiary health care center, Kerala","authors":"C. Andrews, A. R. Rajan, Sreelakshmi Arun, P. Kuttichira","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.028","url":null,"abstract":"Covid 19 is a contagious disease caused by SARS Cov 2 which causes acute respiratory syndrome. The usual disease presentation symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, vomiting, loss of taste or smell. Some cases may be asymptomatic. Complications include pneumonia, viral sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), kidney failure and death.This study was conducted to explore the demographic profile of Covid 19 patients admitted, their clinical presentations, treatment received and outcome; so that effective management and prevention of complications can be done in the future.Out of total of 613 In-patients selected randomly, random start was decided and every 5 patient was selected for the study which gave us a sample size of 123. Out of 123, 107 (83.6%) were symptomatic at the time of seeking admission.73 (57%) of them had any pre-existing co-morbidity. Among pre-existing co-morbidities, diabetes and hypertension were noted to be of the highest frequency. Out of 123 admitted cases, (11.7%) succumbed to the disease and its complications, (75%) recovered and were discharged.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73468330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High dose radioactive iodine therapy and its short term adverse effects","authors":"Anuja A George, Annapurna Y, Harilal P, Anila Kumari","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.030","url":null,"abstract":"The disorders of the thyroid gland are on the rise. Radioactive iodine (RAI- I-131) is now used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma. This helps in the destruction of the follicular cells and radiation help in annulling the cancer cells. RAI has many adverse effects; the short-term effects include – gastrointestinal, salivary dysfunction, and thyroiditis, and long-term adverse effects - secondary carcinomas. The facilities for giving radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) are less in the state of Kerala; also the adverse effects of RAIT are less studied in our population.To evaluate the pattern of short-term adverse effects following high doses of radioactive iodine therapy in patients with thyroid carcinomaThis study was designed as a prospective observational study conducted on patients attending the Department of Nuclear Medicine for high-dose radioiodine therapy in a tertiary care center. Patients were followed up for any occurrences of adverse effects for six months. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18 and an independent t-test was done to find the association between dose and adverse drug reactions (ADR).The study comprised 75 participants, of which, 59(79%) were females. The adverse reactions were reported by 59 participants (79%). Loss of taste and smell in 48 participants (64%), xerostomia in 30 patients (40%) were reported. After one month of RAIT, these subsided. The association of dose vs ADR was found to be significant (p=0.008). The complete blood counts (CBC) were done pre-and post- RAIT showed a statistically significant decrease in all parameters (p=0.00 each).Radioactive iodine produces short-term adverse effects which are self-limiting. However, there is a need to identify and manage it for better treatment and patient compliance.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86284318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic high BP - My case study and solution","authors":"Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.031","url":null,"abstract":"This is the record of my journey with High BP, a brain stroke survivor and hopefully my story will help researchers of the field to advance the understanding of the field and help patients struggling with similar problems. This in no means is a research study as a modern research project requires multiple cases, with control groups, proper methodology while for this the only subject is me and my limited knowledge. More importantly I don’t consider myself to be learned on the subject to recommending anyone about it. At best this provides the hypothesis which someone can test and either prove or disproves it. However, in my limited knowledge this seem to make sense and it corroborates with my understanding of human body and physics. Also, the language of this paper might feel very basic or non-technical, but as I am an MBA marketing with computer science engineer by education with biology only till 12standard. This is the best I could come up with to make it easy to communicate.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"42 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89525523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment for non- communicable diseases among adult population of area adopted by urban and rural health care training centre of IGGMC, Nagpur: A cross sectional study","authors":"Seema P Yadav, S. Thakre, A. Jadhao, Sachin Agarwal, Shyam Rathod, Uma Mahesswaran","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"NCDs are leading cause of premature deaths worldwide. Global trends suggest that these diseases to a large extent are associated with life styles like- unhealthy dietary intake, physical inactivity, tobacco use, high alcohol consumption and are on the rise. CBAC (Community Based Assessment Checklist) is a simple means of early identifying risk of NCDs in the community. There is a paucity of published literature using CBAC as screening tool. Hence this community based study was undertaken among adult population of area adopted by urban and rural health care training centre of IGGMC, Nagpur to assess the risk of NCDs and serve as a tool for early diagnosis and treatment.To assess the risk of Non Communicable Diseases using Community Based Assessment Checklist among adult population of area adopted by urban and rural health training centre, IGGMC, Nagpur. To study the risk of NCDs with place of residence and suggest recommendations based on the study findings. A cross sectional community based study was conducted among 376 adults residing in the field practice area of Urban and Rural Health care Training Centre of IGGMC, Nagpur. Data was collected by conducting face to face interview with structured questionnaire which included socio-demographic variable and CBAC questionnaire. Study was conducted from January to May 2022 by using consecutive sampling till sample size was achieved.Overall risk of NCD was found to be 60.9%. The risk of NCD was 61.2% among rural adults while it was 60.6% among urban adults of adopted field practice area of IGGMC, Nagpur. The risk of NCD was found to be significantly associated with Age (p= 0.000), Gender (p=0.000), tobacco use (p=0.000), alcohol consumption (p= 0.000), Waist circumference (p=0.000) and family history of hypertension, Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular illnesses (p=0.000). There was no significant association found between risk of NCDs and CBAC variables by place of residence except for waist circumference (p = 0.03) Overall most CBAC variables were found to have significant association with NCDs risk however no significant difference was observed between CBAC variables and place of residence.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84302562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of nutritional status and dietary habits of North Indian menopausal women","authors":"R. More, P. Dubey, K. Gupta, K. Kumari, Jitendra R Patel","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.025","url":null,"abstract":"Menopause is the challenging period of a woman’s life marking the end of reproductive phases, normally occurring at mid forty between 45-55 years of age. Approximately 43 million of postmenopausal women is in India now. There is Drop in the level of estrogen and progesterone hormone that produce short-term and long-term effects. Main objectives were to assess the interventional measures in order to bring awareness and improvement in the nutritional status of menopausal women. A total of 100 post-menopausal women subjects were selected using purposive random sampling technique. Experiment was conducted in three phases. With help of Questionnaire collected Data were analyzed by using SPSS 16 software. Majority of Selected samples were from 46 - 50 year of age group, in which 26 % had the habit of consuming milk daily while 51% once a week.63% had the habit of exercise, 61.20 %, 26.86 % and 11.94 were following Walking, yoga and exercise percent respectively. 62 % of women had aching joint and muscle pain as a psychological symptom and vaginal dryness, skin wrinkling and skin itching. 28 % of menopausal women had problem of weight gain, bone disease. 67 percent, among all of the menopausal women had put an effort to lose weight. The prevalence of physiological symptoms and psychological symptoms were reported in more percentage. After imparting nutrition education using developed material like booklet, diet-charts, significant improvement and awareness regarding various aspects of menopause were noticed among menopausal women.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78058507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health care delivery - Revisiting the concept of area wide planning with application to Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh","authors":"N. S. N. Rao","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.022","url":null,"abstract":"For many marginalised families, availability of healthcare is uncertain leading to catastrophic costs. To meet the need in an orderly and efficient manner without duplication, Areawide / Regional planning was envisioned by health planners in the 1950s. This paper aims to revisit the above concept in healthcare with application to the existing system of Guntur district. A search was made for available health facilities and bed strength in the public sector of the district. An effort is made to apply the arewide planning concept to the district in strategic locations. The recent pandemic has shown the need for preparedness across the district in terms of bed strength, equipment and personnel. The urban population of the district is 33.8% (1.5 beds/1000 ) and the rural population is 66.19% (0.5/1000). Areawide planning envisages Mandal, Division and District level hospitals. The PHCs at the mandal level can be upgraded to have Maternal and Child health units and ICUs with the necessary specialists and equipment in place. The division level hospital must have all primary specialities with consultative support to the lower facilities. The District level hospital must have all the super specialities and provide referral services.Regionalisation also looks at creating one special care unit like burns, mental health, cancer etc at each strategically located hospital. Areawide planning will improve efficiency and economy in health care delivery. Gaps in healthcare and wastage due to overlapping can be avoided.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90235737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health – The saviour!","authors":"B. Mishra","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2022.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2022.021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73309209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}