Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry最新文献

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for Blood Desmopressin Quantification and Its Application in Hemophilia A Patients","authors":"Sophie Hodin,&nbsp;Jean Escal,&nbsp;Catherine Feliu,&nbsp;Adeline Pontis,&nbsp;Laurie Josset,&nbsp;Adrian Serban,&nbsp;Benoît Guillet,&nbsp;Xavier Delavenne","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Desmopressin (DDAVP), which indirectly increases Coagulation Factor VIII concentrations in the blood, is a common treatment for bleeding disorders such as von Willebrand disease or hemophilia A. However, DDAVP exhibits significant variability in response due to interindividual differences in pharmacokinetics. Consequently, exploring its pharmacokinetics is of primary importance to better understand the relationship between DDAVP administration and therapeutic outcomes. To that end, the measurement of DDAVP concentration is essential. This article describes the development and validation of a liquid chromatography method coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry detection for quantifying DDAVP in human plasma. After sample pretreatment involving protein precipitation followed by solid-phase extraction, quantification was based on the four most intense isotopes, utilizing targeted single ion monitoring, with a method range of 20–2000 pg.mL⁻¹. For the four QC levels, accuracy and precision for both inter- and intra-assay measurements were below 11.6% and 13.8%, respectively, meeting FDA recommendations. After validation, this method was applied to a cohort of 10 patients with a deficiency in Coagulation Factor VIII, who received 0.3 μg.kg⁻¹ of desmopressin acetate. The mean volume of distribution at steady state was 18.8 L (CV% 26.7), the mean clearance was 7.8 L.h⁻¹ (CV% 25.1), and the mean half-life was 1.8 h (CV% 14.7). Offering valuable insights into the pharmacokinetics of DDAVP, this method will be useful for further studies and holds promise for optimizing treatment regimens in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcm.10086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma in Treating Osteoporosis in Rats: An Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analysis","authors":"Yuxin Wen,&nbsp;Zhuang Huang,&nbsp;Xing Hong,&nbsp;Qi Jiang,&nbsp;Lintao Han,&nbsp;Qiong Wang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Shang,&nbsp;Zhenwei Wu,&nbsp;Tao Huang","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) in a rat osteoporosis (OP) model and elucidate its underlying regulatory network mechanisms mediating OP amelioration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcriptome profiling through RNA sequencing was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes in rat femoral tissues. Serum metabolic alterations were quantitatively assessed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A combined approach incorporating both transcriptomic and metabolomic datasets enabled the establishment of molecular interaction networks between metabolites and genes. Validation of crucial molecular targets was achieved via quantitative PCR and western-blotting technique, providing mechanistic insights into AR's anti-osteoporotic activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AR treatment markedly alleviated ovariectomy (OVX)-induced femoral impairment, effectively suppressing bone resorption while enhancing bone formation, ultimately ameliorating OP progression. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling revealed that AR intervention significantly altered the expression profiles of 698 genes and 28 endogenous metabolites in OP rats. Through constructing interaction networks of differentially expressed genes and metabolites, we identified seven pivotal metabolites and six hub genes, which were found to modulate amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other bone metabolism-related pathways, forming a multi-omics regulatory axis underlying AR's therapeutic effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AR exerted therapeutic effects on OP in rat models through positive regulation of femoral transcriptional profiles and endogenous metabolites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Green Analytical Method for Differentiating Fresh and Stored Green Teas via Determining Their Tricarboxylic Acid Organic Acids","authors":"Guoliang Huang,&nbsp;Yuting Kang,&nbsp;Fang Qi,&nbsp;Yunfeng Chai,&nbsp;Hongyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Kezhi Jiang","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> <b>Rationale:</b> Tea is a popular nonalcoholic beverage; nevertheless, some traders utilize stored tea as a substitute for fresh tea, a practice that has had a nasty effect on the market. Thereby, it is necessary to develop an objective method to distinguish between fresh and stored tea samples.</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> <b>Methods:</b> In this work, a simple method has been developed for the determination of eight organic acids of the tricarboxylic acids (OTCAs), including citric acid, malic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, <i>cis</i>-aconitic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, and fumaric acid, in 38 tea samples. The extraction and pretreatment of OTCA in tea were conducted using a 0.1% formic acid solution and activated carbon.</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> <b>Results:</b> The LOQ (10 S/N) of the method is between 0.47 and 0.9 ng/mL, the method RSD ≤ 10%, the surface method is stable and reliable, and the AGREEprep score, which corresponds to the method's performance, was calculated to be 0.59, indicating that the method aligns with the principles of green analytical chemistry. Then, these OTCAs in 38 tea samples were simultaneously determined by LC–MS analysis of the extract.</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> <b>Conclusion:</b> It is noteworthy that distinctive differences in the concentration have been obtained for malic acid, succinic acid, and α-ketoglutaric acid in the fresh tea versus the stored tea, respectively, indicating that these OTCAs can be selected as the potential biomarkers for the differentiation of stored tea samples from fresh ones.</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Botanicals Based on Their Chemical Barcode Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Akhilesh Kumar,&nbsp;Mohsin Ali,&nbsp;Avinash Kumar,&nbsp;Dipak Kumar Mishra,&nbsp;Sanjeev Kanojiya","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rationale</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plants synthesize diverse secondary metabolites, often specific to particular species. These metabolites (phytochemicals) exhibit restricted distribution among certain plant families, genera, or species. Due to their species-specific characteristics, they can serve as chemical markers to identify and authenticate economically important botanicals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) and a plant metabolome reference library were utilized to identify and authenticate botanicals based on their characteristic phytochemicals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A chemical barcode refers to a unique molecular weight sequence (e.g., M.W. 216, 392, 390, 438, 542, 368, and 495 for <i>Curcuma longa</i>) of characteristic phytochemicals of particular plant species. This study reports the utilization of a plant metabolome library, LC–MS, and MS/MS data to facilitate the identification of botanicals based on their chemical barcode. We have analyzed 20 economically important medicinal plant species (<i>A. nilotica</i>, <i>A. calamus</i>, <i>A. scholaris</i>, <i>B. monnieri</i>, <i>B. diffusa</i>, <i>C. asiatica</i>, <i>C. sativus</i>, <i>C. longa</i>, <i>F. religiosa</i>, <i>M. alba</i>, <i>M. fragrans</i>, <i>N. sativa</i>, <i>O. tenuiflorum</i>, <i>P. amarus</i>, <i>P. betel</i>, <i>P. longum</i>, <i>P. nigrum</i>, <i>P. pinnata</i>, <i>S. asoca</i>, and <i>V. negundo</i>); no false results were observed in multiple tested samples. Apart from this, barcoded metabolites were also identified to validate the results based on previously reported phytochemicals from respective plant species and their mass spectrometry data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This approach facilitated the successful identification of botanicals through their chemical barcode and utilized a web-based LC–MS/MS library of nontargeted plant secondary metabolites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Organic Explosive Training Aids: A Chemical Profiling Approach","authors":"Yong Guan Peter Chua,&nbsp;Anna Sok Ping Lim,&nbsp;May Bee Ling Ong","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rational</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Organic explosive training aids play a vital role in training canines to detect explosive safely and effectively. However, there is limited scientific knowledge regarding the chemical composition and odour profiles of these aids, as well as the relationship between these characteristics. To address this gap, this study conducted chemical profiling to identify the chemical compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of these training aids. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate how factors such as explosive type, physical form and storage duration influence these critical training materials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The chemical compounds from the training aids were extracted using sonication with acetonitrile, whereas volatile organic compounds were collected through heat exposure and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibres. Both the extracted chemical compounds and VOCs were analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). GCMS analysis was conducted in both scan and selective ion modes, enabling simultaneous qualitative and quantitative assessments, thereby optimizing efficiency and reducing costs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Silica-based aids showed a decrease in physical explosive content over time due to environmental exposure, whereas petroleum-based aids maintained consistent explosive levels due to the protective encapsulation of petroleum jelly. Silica-based aids are observed to emit higher concentrations of explosive vapour, whereas petroleum-based aids were characterized by more complex odour profiles. Additionally, the explosive vapour released from silica-based aids did not always correlate proportionally with their physical explosive content, unlike their petroleum-based aids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provided valuable insights into how explosive type, base material and storage duration influence the properties of organic explosive training aids. Through the novel approach of integrating findings from composition and odour profiling, it introduces a transformative advancement in the understanding of these aids. This study also paves the way for the development of more reliable and effective training aids, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of canine explosive detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Insights Into the Feasibility of Determining the Purification Date of Enriched Uranium by Direct Measurement of the 230Th/234U Ratio Using an All-Faraday Detector Configuration on the Neoma MC-ICP-MS","authors":"N. Alex Zirakparvar,&nbsp;Benjamin T. Manard,&nbsp;Daniel R. Dunlap,&nbsp;Matt Darnell,&nbsp;Debra Bostick,&nbsp;Brian Ticknor,&nbsp;Cole R. Hexel","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rationale</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mass spectrometric measurement of the ²³⁰Th^/234U ratio to calculate the purification age of enriched uranium is typically conducted via a combination of ion counters and faraday detectors, thus requiring an inter-detector calibration scheme. Our aim is to understand whether the pursuit of a simplified measurement scheme involving only faraday detectors is feasible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigate the possibility of determining U-Th model ages for two enriched uranium standards (NBL U630 and U850) by direct measurement of the ²³⁰Th/²³⁴U ratio (without chromatographic separation or isotope dilution) on a ThermoFisher Scientific Neoma MC-ICP-MS utilizing both solution and laser ablation (LA)-based sampling techniques and an all-faraday detector configuration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For the solution mode analyses conducted on aliquots containing sub μg/mL total U, we produce composite average ²³⁰Th/²³⁴U model dates of May 19, 1988 (± 351 days), and March 26, 1961 (± 2.5 years) using the directly measured ²³⁰Th/²³⁴U ratios for the NBL U630 and U850 uranium standards, which have certified purification dates of June 6, 1988 (± 190 days), and December 31, 1957 (± 36.5 days), respectively. The ages produced by LA-based sampling of dried residues of the same standards deposited onto cotton TexWipes are less accurate and of poorer precision (June 23, 2004 ± 8.7 years for U630 and December 21, 1965 ± 7.9 years for U850) but still yield meaningful information in regards to the purification date.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We believe that further refinement of the all faraday detector measurement approach to include development of a more robust Th/U relative sensitivity factor determination, signal cutoff selection, and data processing protocols will allow for this approach to be confidently applied to enriched uranium materials with unknown purification histories. Potential advantages of the method include the reduced sample handling and infrastructure requirements as well as the ability to simultaneously generate a broad picture of the uranium isotopic composition in tandem with the U-Th age determination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Quantitation of Urinary Catecholamines and Total Metanephrines","authors":"Yuhan Li,&nbsp;Guangming Huang","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rationale</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The measurement of urinary catecholamines and total metanephrines serves as one of the primary tests in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). The widely adopted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method, however, typically necessitates sample pretreatments and chromatographic separation prior to MS, resulting in challenges for facile and rapid screening of targets from complex matrices. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an analytical method that can rapidly and efficiently detect urinary catecholamines and total metanephrines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A rapid and time-efficient procedure using solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with pulsed direct current electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (pulsed-dc-ESI-MS/MS) was validated for the specific and quantitative analysis of six urinary catecholamines and metanephrines. The SPE protocol was specifically optimized to enable direct analysis of the eluate obtained from SPE using MS/MS. All six compounds could be detected in a single complete operation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The method was evaluated by the determination of catecholamines and metanephrines (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, normetanephrine, metanephrine, and 3-methoxytyramine) in artificial urine samples and raw urine samples. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the limits of detection for these six analytes were in the range of 0.02–68.37 nM L⁻¹, using dopamine-d4 (DA-d4) and metanephrines-d3 (MN-d3) as internal standards, respectively, which achieved the detection requirements for the clinical diagnosis of PPGL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SPE coupled with pulsed-dc-ESI-MS/MS demonstrated improved efficiency compared to existing methods, which successfully enabled the rapid screening of urinary catecholamines and total metanephrines. Therefore, we believe that this method could be potentially useful in the clinical screening of PPGL and suitable for the direct analysis of urine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages of Incomplete Digestion in Human Hair Shaft Proteomics, a Focus on Cuticular Keratins","authors":"Phonchawit Kiatthitinan,&nbsp;Darian H. Yee,&nbsp;Huu M. Q. Tran,&nbsp;Bingyun Sun","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rationale</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proteome of the hair shaft has been increasingly studied by mass spectrometry for sensitive, accurate, and comprehensive characterization of major hair proteins such as cuticular keratins for biomedical and forensic applications. As an external appendage of human skin, the shaft of scalp hair is formed by dead keratinized cells that are biologically and chemically stable. The extraction and digestion of hair shaft proteins have been bottlenecks in hair proteomics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a straightforward and reliable sample preparation procedure using a commercial Precellys homogenizer in mild basic conditions. We further shortened the sample preparation procedure by implementing an overnight tryptic digestion for partial proteolysis instead of a 3-day complete digestion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using this method, we achieved over 75% protein extraction efficiency from the shaft of human scalp hair, and the limited proteolysis improved keratin sequence coverage. The robustness of our method was confirmed by high reproducibility, with <i>R</i>² values exceeding 0.95 in pairwise quantitative comparisons via spectra counting across different operators, processes, and laboratories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a facile and robust sample preparation strategy for human hair shafts. The improved sequence coverage in cuticular keratins by shortened and incomplete proteolysis is critical for the identification of genetically variant peptides in keratins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/rcm.10071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameter-Optimized Fabrication of Submicron Nanoelectrospray Emitters for Enhanced Native Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Ting Zhu,&nbsp;Sujun Yan,&nbsp;Xinhai Zhu,&nbsp;Zilong Chen","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rationale</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Submicron nanoelectrospray emitters, which suppress nonspecific aggregation and accommodate high-salt buffers, have significantly enhanced native mass spectrometry (native MS) performance. Current technical challenges in fabricating such precision emitters, coupled with commercial products' high costs and limited size specifications, hinder diversified analytical demands. Developing cost-effective and customizable fabrication strategies is therefore imperative to overcome technical barriers, improve instrumental performance, and broaden application scopes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of key pulling parameters, such as heating power (HEAT), pulling force (PULL), heating width (FILAMENT), cooling delay (DELAY), and trigger speed (VELOCITY), on emitter morphology were systematically studied using a laser puller. Self-fabricated emitters were evaluated by analyzing three proteins (BSA, cytochrome C, IgG) under near-physiological conditions via nMS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HEAT and PULL were identified as key factors controlling the tip IDs and cone lengths. By employing multiple-loop processing to reduce the pulling force, we successfully fabricated emitters suitable for nMS. This process reduced the tip ID from 3 to 800 nm, enhancing salt tolerance for BSA from 300 to 800 μM, cytochrome C from 800 to 2000 μM, and IgG from 10 to 50 μM. Meanwhile, detection sensitivity can be greatly improved for BSA detection limits dropped from 0.1 to 0.06 μM, cytochrome C from 1.5 to 0.25 nM, and IgG from 0.7 to 0.1 μM. Additionally, nonspecific protein aggregation was reduced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified HEAT and PULL as the critical parameters for optimizing emitter inner diameter (ID) and cone length, while VELOCITY-PULL interactions specifically enhanced tip flatness. Multi-loop operations significantly optimize emitter tip morphology. This enabled controlled fabrication of emitters spanning submicron-scale (200 nm) to micron-scale (8 μm) IDs, with submicron-range parameter optimization. This provides a practical reference for users requiring emitters of varying specifications, thereby advancing the development of nMS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Mechanisms of Cyclosporine Therapy in Aplastic Anemia: A Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics Approach","authors":"Mingxin Guo,&nbsp;Ting Dai,&nbsp;Lin Wan,&nbsp;Xiang Sun,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Hu,&nbsp;Yanchun Chen","doi":"10.1002/rcm.10085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.10085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Rationale</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinically, cyclosporine (CsA) plays a crucial role in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) and has demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy. We applied DIA-based quantitative proteomics to analyze plasma protein profiles in AA patients, aiming to identify proteins and pathways modulated by CsA, thereby elucidating its therapeutic mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma samples from three AA patients pre– and post–CsA treatment underwent data-independent acquisition proteomics. DEPs were identified using fold-change thresholds. Gene Ontology, KEGG, and STRING analyses revealed functional pathways and hub proteins, which were validated by ELISA in 13 AA patients. Molecular docking assessed CsA-core protein binding affinities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to healthy people, AA patients exhibited 303 differential proteins, enriched in pathways related to oxidative stress, cellular adhesion, and energy dysregulation. Post–CsA treatment, 107 DEPs were identified, linked to redox balance and structural remodeling. Forty-eight proteins overlapped, with GAPDH, SOD1, CFL1, and ACTG1 as core targets. ELISA confirmed expression differences, and molecular docking showed strong CsA binding affinities to these proteins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant protein expression differences between AA patients and healthy controls suggest immune-related pathways, including metabolism, oxidative stress, and cell structure, as key treatment targets. CsA may regulate these to intervene in AA progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":225,"journal":{"name":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}