Black Sea Journal of Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Ursolic Acid Addition into High-Energy Laying Hen Diet on Performance, Egg Quality Parameters, Serum Lipid Profile and Liver Fat Rate","authors":"Fethi Polat, Canan Bölükbaşi","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1194784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1194784","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the effect of ursolic acid (UA) at different ratios (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5%) supplementation into high-energy laying hen diet on performance, egg quality parameters, serum lipid profile, some liver enzymes and liver fat ratio. \u0000A total of 120 Lohman LSL laying hens, 70 weeks old, were used in present study. The animals were divided into 5 groups and each group consisted of six subgroups. In the experiment, the control group was fed with basal feed, and the treatment groups were fed with high-energy (HE) diets including 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% UA, respectively. Experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Egg yield decreased in high energy feed groups except HE + 1.5% UA group. Egg weight was found to be highest in the HE + 1.5% UA group. Addition of UA into feed improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR). It was determined that liver fat ratio were higher in the group fed with HE feed (P","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123068083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Additives in Fish Feeds","authors":"O. Taşbozan, C. Erbaş","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1246497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1246497","url":null,"abstract":"Antioxidants are used as additives in many foods offered for human consumption. The most important protein source foods are also aquaculture products. Antioxidants are used to prevent oxidation problems in the feeds used in the production of these products. The task of antioxidants is to prevent rancidity of fats and to keep feeds stable. Fish fed with oxidized feeds experience many negative effects such as growth retardation, low feed utilization, weak immune system and reduced resistance to diseases. As a result, it can cause great economic losses along with fish losses. Synthetic antioxidants have been used successfully for many years. However, in recent years, some restrictions and regulations have been introduced in the use of synthetic antioxidants. Therefore, natural antioxidants have begun to replace synthetic antioxidants. The sources of natural antioxidants are quite abundant, such as fruits, vegetables, plant extracts, marine macro and microalgae. In recent years, researches on these natural antioxidants and their use in fish feeds have been increasing.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-destructive Leaf Area Measurement using Mathematical Modeling for Paddy Varieties","authors":"F. Öner, M. Odabas","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1280946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1280946","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf area is considered an important parameter in fields such as plant phenotyping and plant breeding. In this study, leaf areas of different rice varieties were measured using a leaf area meter. Subsequently, a mathematical model was developed using leaf dimensions to estimate leaf area. Multiple regression analysis was used in the study to examine how leaf area is related to leaf dimensions. The results showed significant differences in leaf areas among different paddy varieties (Efe, Osmancık-97, Hamzadere, and Paşalı). Additionally, leaf dimensions were found to be a strong predictor for estimating leaf area. The equation of leaf area (LA= a + (b x L) + (c x W) + (d x L²) + [e x (L x W)] for paddy varieties tested. The R² values for paddy varieties between 84% - 99%. The mathematical model is an important tool that can be used in plant phenotyping and plant breeding, and can be further utilized in future research in these fields.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116781405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Yield and Forage Quality of Solely and Binary Mixtures of Chicory in Grazing Maturity Period","authors":"E. Öztürk, İ. Ayan","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1281425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1281425","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine forage yield and quality of chicory in a pure stand and a simple pasture (two-species) in the grazing maturity period. The experiment design was a Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The experimental site was located on the grounds of the OMU Agricultural Faculty during the 2017 and 2018 growing periods. In this study, chicory (C), orchardgrass (OG), and red clover (RC) were grown as forage plant materials in a rainfed cropping system in North Turkey. Simple pastures comprised of 80%C + 20%OG, 60%C +40%OG, 40%C + 60%OG, 20%C + 80%OG, 80%C + 20%RC, 60%C + 40%RC, 40%C + 60%RC, 20%C + 80%RC. Five sequential harvests were made when chicory plants reached 25 cm of plant height in both years. The average plant height ranged from 17.3 to 35.6 cm, and 29.1 to 38.3 cm in 2017 and 2018 respectively. The highest fresh forage yield was determined in red clover mixtures (6519-5443 kg/da) in 2017 and 80%C+20%RC mixture (as 7137 kg/da) in 2018. Total dry matter production was ranged from 216 to 1238 and 279 to 1164 kg/da in 2017 and 2018, respectively. In pure stand chicory pasture, dry matter production was evaluated 216 kg/da in 2017 and 908 kg/da in 2018. Considering the calculated area equivalence ratios (LER) of mixed planting plots in both years and in all forms, it was determined that all mixtures were superior to plain plantings (LER≥1).","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126246998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Pollinator Characteristics of Some Hazelnut Genotypes: Preliminary Results","authors":"H. Balik, T. Demi̇r, Ö. Beyhan","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1241036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1241036","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out in Karasu and Kocaali districts of Sakarya Province in order to determine the suitable pollinators for Çakıldak in 2021-2022. In the study, 27 genotypes that were late male flowering, formed a large amount of catkins, had high pollen quality, had round nut shape and short husk length were examined. Pollen viability of the genotypes was determined between 22.3-93.7% according to the TTC method. According to the agar method, pollen germination rate was determined between 15.6% and 78.1% at 20% sucrose concentration containing 1% agar. 89% of the genotypes were round, 11% were in the oblong nut group. It was determined that most of them amount of male inflorescences (catkins) depending on the tree crown volume and age. T-22KRS02, T-22KRS03, T-22KRS07, T-22KRS08, T-22KRS09, T-22KRS10, T-22KRS11, T-22KCL11, T-22KCL14, T-22KCL16 and Mincane were selected to be evaluated in the second phase of the study.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"299 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114129642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Guaiacol Peroxidase Enzyme from Carambola Fruit","authors":"Ömer Sahin Tas, Maviş Yayla, D. Ekinci","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1269682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1269682","url":null,"abstract":"Carambola is a fruit grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Natural antioxidants including vitamin C, carotenoids, and certain phenolic substances are abundant in carambola fruit. As antioxidants support health by acting as nutraceutical and functional food additives, they help preserve food by preventing oxidation processes. Its antioxidant capacity should be well studied. The oxidation of various organic or inorganic substrates by hydrogen peroxide or organic peroxides as terminal oxidants is a process in which peroxidase, which is abundantly present in fruits and vegetables, participates. In this study, guaiacol peroxidase enzyme from carambola fruit was partially purified and characterized. Purification procedure made up the homogenate preparation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and dialysis. After purification, optimum ionic strength, pH and substrate concentration were investigated. These values were determined as 200 mM Tris, pH: 7.5, 7.5 mM H2O2 and 15 mM guaiacol for carambola fruit guaiacol peroxidase enzyme, respectively.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129166892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Genome Editing for Livestock Resilience in Changing Environment","authors":"K. Ngeno","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1263027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1263027","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change poses a significant threat to livestock production systems, including changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and the spread of diseases. The use of genome editing technologies presents a potential solution to mitigate the impacts of climate change on livestock. This paper reviewed the prospects of utilizing genome editing in mitigating the impact of climate change in livestock. Applications of genome editing in development of heat-tolerant, and disease-resistant as well as animals with improved feed and water use efficiency and reduced methane emissions are explored. Additionally, a potential breeding program for gene edited animals is proposed. There are several different genome editing techniques that can be used in livestock breeding, including CRISPR/Cas9, TALENs, and zinc-finger nucleases. These techniques involve introducing specific changes to the animal's genome, such as deleting or replacing genes, or introducing new ones. The technology has enormous potential for improving livestock breeding, as it allows for the creation of animals with desirable traits in a much shorter time frame than traditional breeding methods. Generally, it may take years or even decades to breed an animal with a specific trait using traditional breeding methods, whereas genome editing can achieve the same result in just a few generations. Genome editing can be used to mitigate the impact of climate change on livestock production by reducing the methane emissions by improving the efficiency of feed conversion and modifying the genes responsible for methane production. Technology can be utilized to improve livestock feeds by modifying genes involved in plant growth, development, and nutrient use. This lead to the creation of forages that are high yielding, more nutritious and better adapted to diverse production environments. Genome editing allows development of animals that are more resistant to diseases, which can help reduce the need for antibiotics and other treatments. This is particularly important given the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, which is a major concern in both human and animal health. Genome editing has the potential of developing animals that are thermo-tolerant, as well as animals with improved feed and water use efficiency. The proposed breeding program for gene-edited animals will ensure that the animals produced are healthy, genetically diverse, and meet the desired traits. In terms of ethical concerns, policies for genome editing ought consider the potential for unintended consequences or the creation of animals with characteristics that are viewed as undesirable or unethical Overall, genome editing technology has the potential to revolutionize livestock production and contribute to the global effort to mitigate the impact of climate change.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121948528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in stomatal properties of safflower cultivars under salinity","authors":"N. Ergi̇n, M. Kaya","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1229854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1229854","url":null,"abstract":"The stomatal characteristics in the leaves play a key role to adapt to several abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity. This study aimed to examine the abaxial and adaxial stomatal properties of 9 safflower cultivars (Dinçer 5-18-1, Remzibey-05, Balcı, Yekta, Linas, Olas, Olein, Safir, and Zirkon) under salt stress (100 mM NaCl). The density, width, length, size, and index of stomata were measured. The results showed that significant differences for all stomatal features of the safflower cultivars were determined. The stomata density changed with safflower cultivars between 143 and 57 number mm-2 and stomata size was observed as 510-698 µm2. The number of abaxial stomata was higher than adaxial part of leaves and the stomatal density on abaxial part of six safflower cultivars (Remzibey-05, Balcı, Yekta, Olas, Olein, and Safir) was decreased by salinity. In addition, abnormal stomata were observed in salt-affected cultivars of Dinçer 5-18-1, Remzibey-05, Yekta, Olein, and Zirkon. The stomata density mainly depended on genetic factors, suggesting that it should be used for separating safflower cultivars, but they declined considerably by salinity. It was concluded that stomatal properties should be considered to clarify the salt tolerance of safflower genotypes.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122239061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF RAMS FED ENSILED ELEPHANT GRASS AND GMELINA ARBOREA LEAVES","authors":"O. Adedeji, V. Akinduro","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1195787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1195787","url":null,"abstract":"In a study to evaluate the haematological parameters and serum indices of rams fed with ensiled Elephant grass and Gmelina arborea leaves, 16 WAD rams were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments for 4 weeks. Each treatment was replicated thrice in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using procedure of SAS (2002) and where the analysis indicated significant treatment effect, the significant means were compared using the least significant different method. Water and feed were given ad-libitum. Major parameters measured included: RBC, PCV, WBC, Hb, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, TP, ALT, AST, albumin, glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, HDL and LDL. The four dietary treatments were 80% Elephant grass+ 20% cassava peels+0% Gamhar (T1), 60% Elephant grass+ 20% cassava peels+20% Gamhar (T2), 20% Elephant grass+ 20% cassava peels+60% Gamhar (T3), and 0% Elephant grass+ 20% cassava peels+80% Gamhar (T4). With the exception of red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), monocytes, creatinine, urea and LDL, all the haematological and biochemical parameters measured were significantly (p˂0.05) different across the dietary treatments. It was observed that the ensiled diets offered to the rams did not have deleterious effect on the haematological and serum biochemical indices as the values registered across the dietary treatments fell within the normal ranges. It was concluded that all four test diets were suitable for dry season ram feeding and that Gmelina arborea could be included in ram diets up to 80% without any harmful effect on their haematological and serum biochemical profile.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131207596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Climate Change and Population Growth on Food Security in Nigeria","authors":"Adeyinka Aroyehun","doi":"10.47115/bsagriculture.1232578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1232578","url":null,"abstract":"Food production in Nigeria has not matched with the rate of population growth leading to reduction of national food independence and self-reliance. As a result, Nigeria is facing serious food insecurity. Therefore, this study examined the impacts of climate change and population growth on food security in Nigeria. Annual time-series of food security (proxy of food production index), annual rainfall, annual temperature, population growth rate, urban population rate and agricultural land used from 1980 to 2019 were used. The study used Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model, Johansen Cointegration test and Vector Error Correlation Models (VECM) were used to analyze the data. ADF unit root test result shows that all variables were completely stationary at the first different orders I(1) at both at intercept and intercept with trend at level of significance of 1%. Three (3) lags were conclusively selects as the optimum lag in the VAR model. The result of the estimation indicates that the Johansen cointegration shows an existence of long-run relationship among the variables used in the study. The result of the VECM estimation shows that rainfall, temperatures, population growth rate and agricultural land used were negatively significantly related to food security at various levels of significance (1%, 5% and 10%). At the long-run all the variables were adversely related to food security in Nigeria. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) indicates about 91%, the adjusted R2 of 0.86 was obtained and Durbin-Watson of 2.1 was obtained which implies that the tools were good fit to estimates the data. Decomposition of variance shows dwindling in food security. The study therefore recommends public enlightenment campaign on birth control; and appropriate climate change adaptation methods should be adopted to enhance food security in Nigeria among others.","PeriodicalId":225627,"journal":{"name":"Black Sea Journal of Agriculture","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124367654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}