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History of Terrorism and its Mitigation through Intelligence 恐怖主义的历史及其通过情报的缓解
Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) Pub Date : 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.51872/prjah.vol4.iss1.186
Kashif Jamal Khan
{"title":"History of Terrorism and its Mitigation through Intelligence","authors":"Kashif Jamal Khan","doi":"10.51872/prjah.vol4.iss1.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol4.iss1.186","url":null,"abstract":"An extensive set of literature exists that discusses different facets of terrorism. This paper argues that the lack of understanding on what exactly is terrorism and how to define it is often reflected in the counter-terrorism and antiterrorism measures taken by the state actors. This paper aims at making sense of the history of modern terrorism using Rapoport's Waves of Terrorism Theory, as well as the counter-measures that were taken against the particular wave of terrorism. The paper argues that intelligence has to play a central role in counter-terrorism as without accurate intelligence no counterterrorism measure can work. Using the historical research method, this paper is based on both primary and secondary sources. In depth open-ended interviews were conducted with the experts as well as academics and journalists working on the subject. This data was then supplemented by the secondary sources such as books and research papers to develop a comprehensive theoretical understanding of terrorism and its various dimensions, as well as of anti and counter terrorism measures","PeriodicalId":225408,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115296141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magical Realism is an Important Element of Post-Modernism and Its Traces in Paulo Coelho’s Novel the Alchemist: A Literary Analysis of the Novel 魔幻现实主义是后现代主义的重要元素及其在保罗·科埃略小说《炼金术士》中的痕迹——对小说的文学分析
Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.173
Buriro, Ghulam Ali, Khokhar, Muhammad Ibrahim, Ghanghro, Ali Asghar
{"title":"Magical Realism is an Important Element of Post-Modernism and Its Traces in Paulo Coelho’s Novel the Alchemist: A Literary Analysis of the Novel","authors":"Buriro, Ghulam Ali, Khokhar, Muhammad Ibrahim, Ghanghro, Ali Asghar","doi":"10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.173","url":null,"abstract":"Postmodernism is an important literary theory and Magical Realism is one of its key aspects. .Thus the current study is based on exploring the elements of magical realism in the Alchemist, a novel by Paulo Coelho. The methodology of qualitative nature has been carried out by using close textual analysis with the help of a tool of close reading in the novel. Various elements of magical realism have been explored in this novel by this study. The way the author has used this technique makes the novel appealing and worth reading. The study also proves the novel, as the most successful postmodern text of the current era. The researcher has applied the Close Reading method for current research because the method has enabled researcher to get a better understanding of the text. Finally the results bring light the findings that the text contains the elements of Magical Realism i.e. Fantasy, the mundane/ realworld setting, incorporation of myths, metamorphosis, etc. ","PeriodicalId":225408,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125948065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fostering Organizational Justice and Agreeableness Predictors for Compliance Ethical Behavior 促进组织公正和宜人性对合规道德行为的预测
Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.176
Sadia Anwar, Ashfaque Ali, Bahadur Ali Soomro
{"title":"Fostering Organizational Justice and Agreeableness Predictors for Compliance Ethical Behavior","authors":"Sadia Anwar, Ashfaque Ali, Bahadur Ali Soomro","doi":"10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.176","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational justice’s role is highly identified in administrative distribution channels, restructuring, transfer of authority and responsibility, and staff inclusion into the decision-making process. This research investigates the impact of organizational justice and personality traits predictors in policy implementation that may significantly affect ethical behavior. In this crosssectional study, data are randomly collected from different public sector universities of Jamshoro, Sindh. A survey questionnaire is applied as the primary tool for data collection. The data is analyzed through SPSS version 26.0 for windows. The overall internal consistency among the items is 0.806, while the individual’s factors’ reliability was observed in satisfaction scores. The data were collected based on the 319 academic teaching faculty sample to apply correlation analysis and regression. Results explained that all three predictors, procedural, interpersonal, and agreeableness, are significantly related to ethical behavior; however, procedural justice is a stronger predictor of employees' ethical behavior. The outcomes of this research may be supportive for policymakers and practitioners to bring valuable insight for academic managers for the formation of future policies related to teaching staff in the Asian context, predominantly in Sindh, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":225408,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH)","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114647588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sindh’s Participation in the Movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD) in Pakistan (1981-1988) 信德省参加巴基斯坦民主复兴运动(1981-1988)
Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.175
Muhammad Aslam, Saeed Ahmed Rid
{"title":"Sindh’s Participation in the Movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD) in Pakistan (1981-1988)","authors":"Muhammad Aslam, Saeed Ahmed Rid","doi":"10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.175","url":null,"abstract":"In Pakistan’s history of political movements, the Movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD) has a unique place. MRD was not only one of the strongest movements in Pakistan’s political history but also the only political movement which was launched at a time when the military dictator was at the peak of his rule. All the witnesses and research show MRD was most popular in the Sindh province and Sindh was at the forefront of this movement. But strangely so far very little academic research is done focusing on the role of Sindh in the MRD movement. This study focuses on how Sindh became the epicenter of the MRD movement and what kinds of sacrifices were made by the people of Sindh for the restoration of democracy in Pakistan. Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) was surely one of the leading parties of MRD and her leading role in MRD movement is already well researched. With the help of vernacular sources this research unearths which other political parties and political activists of Sindh took active part in the MRD movement and played key role in making it a mass movement as far as the Sindh province is concerned","PeriodicalId":225408,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128530471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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