Politika nacionalne bezbednosti最新文献

{"title":"ONLINE RADICALIZATION OF AMERICA’S MALE YOUTH","authors":"G. Stark","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"The United States has, in recent years, struggled with the rise of the Alt-Right. A wing of political extremism associated with extreme conservatism, racism, anti-Semitism, and sexist ideals, the target demographic is young, white, Christian males. Multiple mass shootings have been attributed to the ideology and, in tracing its roots, one finds the home of such ideologies to be on online forums such as Reddit, 4chan, and 8chan. This paper analyzes the lax rules and lack of moderation on these sites that makes them a safe place for hateful ideologies. In addition, it finds that the sense of community these potential murders find on such sites can urge them to their hateful acts. Through memes, in-jokes, and manifestoes, the Alt-Right has found a long-term home in these forums.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132600732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOPOLITICAL POSITION OF THE BALKANS IN THE MIRROR OF THE GREAT POWERS","authors":"Savo Simić","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Vanja Glišin. 2019.\u0000\u0000Balkan geopolitical paradigm: The Balkans in the geopolitical vision of the great powers.\u0000\u0000Sremski Karlovci: Kairos, 160 p.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132529210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ONLINE RADICALIZATION: TWITTER PRIVATIZATION AS A THREAT TO THE MODERN SOCIETY","authors":"T. Kouba","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"Social media plays a key role in the contemporary world, having indefinite power to influence people by just a single post and click of a button, reaching millions of people in a few seconds. In April 2022, Elon Musk announced his step into the world-famous‘wall of opinions’ – Twitter– with words of creating a better, free-speech-based platform with no limitations. Since online radicalization became the easiest and most powerful recruiting tool for terrorist and extremist organizations, this raised concerns about whether this action is beneficial or not. The aim of the paper was to describe the principle of online radicalization and present it via evidence-based examples, as well as transpose the known aspects of Elon Musk’s purchase of Twitter. A comparison study was made between these known examples of radicalization on the Internet, currently used preventive policy principles and possible future steps based on the announcements of Elon Musk himself. Results confirmed that online radicalization is the most effective method for extremists, and that the society and authorities should keep an eye on the development of the platform regarding the real threat of losing control over the content that can be harmful to Twitter users. Free speech is a strong argument for freeing the rules of sharing content, but the ‘dark side’ of this move has to be considered as well.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129717104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IDEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE TURKISH MHP AND THE GREY WOLVES","authors":"Sindre Langmoen","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"The Turkish Idealist movement, encompassing the militant Grey Wolves as well as the current Turkish coalition partner, the Nationalist Action Party, represent the most influential elements of the Turkish (or Turkic) far right, with activities reaching from Western Europe all the way to Xinjiang, China. This paper seeks to map the ideological framework and evolution of the Idealist movement. It argues that, while strongly influenced by fascism, it is not in essence a totalitarian movement. Furthermore, while it evolved out of secular pan-Turkic aspirations with explicit racist components, it has largely abandoned explicit racism, dreams of a pan-Turkic empire, and embraced Islam as an integral component of Idealist ideology and Turkish identity.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116629308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UNRETURNED FOREIGN FIGHTERS AND THEIR FAMILIES IN IRAQ AND SYRIA","authors":"Anastasia Latenkova","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"The main subject of the paper is foreign fighters and their families who remain in Iraq and Syria. The paper aims to shed light on the current state of unreturned foreign fighters and their families in Iraqi and Syrian camps and prisonsto facilitate the discussion on an appropriate response towards the “unreturned”. The paper additionally attempts to reflect on possible consequences of the current state of the foreign fighters and their families in Iraq and Syria. Theoretical framework of the paper revolves around the definition of a foreign fighter and potential causes for becoming one. The paper employs qualitative methodological approach and relies upon secondary descriptive data collected through the analysis of academic resources and news outlets. The paper explores three main sections of the discussion: the unreturned in Syria, the unreturned in Iraq, and stateless humans. As a result, the paper demonstrates how the unreturned foreign fighters and their families, isolated and condemned, are cemented into a socio-judicial limbo. They live in dire conditions having no determined future or a community to return to. The paper concludes that such conditions are compatible with a rationale for joining the IS. Such a conclusion represents a serious challenge which, if neglected, can lead to the reemergence of the next IS.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130495683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOREIGN FIGHTERS OF AL-SHABAAB: SOMALI-AMERICAN COMMUNITY IN MINNESOTA CASE STUDY","authors":"Camilla Biolcati","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the paper is to contribute to the vast literature regarding the topic of foreignfighters, specifically in reference to Somali youth residing in the U.S. state of Minnesota whohave joined the Al-Shaabab terrorist group. The research is carried out by tracing andanalyzing theory regarding the processes of radicalization, and then applying it to theSomali-American communityemploying the method of content analysis. The choice of this method stemmed from the need to understand and explain a certain behavior or pattern, relating in this specific case to the inner and deeper motivations that led a certain community to be more vulnerable to the influence of jihad. The research question of this research raises concern regarding the most relevant factors that may have influenced some members of the Somali American community in Minnesota to approach the world of jihad and the al-Shabaab group specifically. The research also examines what were the recruitment techniques used by members of that group in order to have a greater grasp on the Somali youth. Therefore, through the study of the current debate amongscholars regarding the push and pull factors that cause an individual to take up the life of aforeign fighter, this paper seeks to shed light on which ones best apply to the particularity ofthe example of the Somali community in Minnesota. As in fact a diaspora community, thischaracteristic is of fundamental importance for understanding the dynamics by whichnationals embark on the activities of extremist groups far from one’s home country. Theconclusions that can be drawn from this research regarding factors thathave a greater impact on the radicalization process of American youth of Somali origin andthe ability of the Al-Shabaab group to take full advantage of the particular condition of thatcommunity in the recruitment process. Indeed, what emerges from this analysis is the level ofinfluence of those identity-nationalist and identity-religious elements, as well as the economicand social factors that characterized the two waves of radicalization and recruitment of Somali-American youth of Minnesota examined in this research, referring to the period between 2007 and 2009.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125576239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHALLENGES FACED BY YOUNG SCHOLARS IN RESEARCHING EXTREMISM","authors":"Marija Djorić","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, challenges most often faced by young researchers who deal with extremism are analysed. The amorphousness of this phenomenon, temporal and spatial conditionality, as well as numerous indistinctions regarding its definition, make extremism quite interesting, albeit complex for research. The author first explained the nature of the phenomenon of extremism, and then highlighted its characteristic forms and classification criteria. The paper provides explicit guidelines on how young researchers can collect data with the help of relevant research methods. The challenges most common faced by young researchers in the beginning of their research are hereby listed, as well as advice on how to overcome these challenges. The main goal of the paper is to present a realistic overview of all difficulties that researching extremism entails, but at the same time to shed light on new scientific approaches that can be useful.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127017436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM: CASE STUDY OF THE ISLAMIC STATE","authors":"Kateřina Šabatová","doi":"10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.specijal2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"In 2014, the unstable political environment in the Middle East provided the opportunity for an extremist jihadist group to establish its own state on the territory of Iraq and Syria – the so-called Islamic State with its society based on the ideology of Islamic extremism. This ideology also clearly defined gender roles for men and women. This paper examines the phenomenon of women’s roles in religious extremism with the aim to analyse gender roles within Islamic extremism by using a case study of the Islamic State and its society and its roles. The analyse of the case study is based on and informed by the definitions of Islamic and religious extremism. The paper concludes that in the early days of the Islamic State, women only had the supportive roles of wives and mothers to raise the next generation of fighters, but in the final phase of the Islamic State, women could take active roles in its defence and become fighters or suicide bombers.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121211677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"URUŠAVANJE BEZBEDNOSTI JUGOSLAVIJE AKCIJAMA RIMOKATOLIČKE CRKVE","authors":"Jovan Janjic","doi":"10.22182/pnb.2212022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.2212022.5","url":null,"abstract":"Rimokatolička crkva imala je u Austro-Ugarskoj monarhiji zaštitnika i nosioca rimokatoličke vere. Zato je njen rat protiv Srbije, 1914. godine, blagoslovila, podsticala i ohrabrivala. A, samim tim, bila je protiv stvaranja jugoslovenske države delom i na etničkom prostoru južnoslovenskih naroda koji su do tada bili pod vlašću Habsburške monarhije. Ipak, prihvata realnost stvaranja jedinstvene južnoslovenske države, ali – kako se vidi iz arhivskih dokumenata koji se ovde izvorno objavljuju – svojim akcijama, posebno među školskom decom i omladinom, urušava bezbednost Jugoslavije.\u0000Takvo delovanje Rimokatoličke crkve, međutim, izazivalo je i reakcije omladine, što se vidi i iz jednog pisma biskupa krčkog Josipa dr Srebrnića ministru prosvete Kraljevine Jugoslavije dr Radenku Stankoviću, u kojem se žali na demonstracije školske mladeži, u Krku, u Biskupskoj ulici,na navečerje proslave Dana ujedinjenja južnoslovenskih naroda, 1932.godine.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128227105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZLOUPOTREBA INFORMACIONIHI KOMUNIKACIONIH TEHNOLOGIJA: POJAM I UREĐENJE U REPUBLICI SRBIJI","authors":"Ivana Luknar","doi":"10.22182/pnb.2212022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22182/pnb.2212022.8","url":null,"abstract":"Brojni izazovi potresaju savremenu svetsku scenu. Višestruka kriza (zdravstvena, ekonomska, ekološka, rat u Ukrajini i migracije) stvorile su tenzije na međunarodnom nivou. Informacione i komunikacione tehnologije (IKT) su oruđe od vitalnog značaja za funkcionisanje zemalja širom sveta. U postojećim kriznim uslovima bezbednost IKT još više dobija na važnosti, s’obzirom da se aktuelne tenzije i sukobi mogu lako preliti u sajber prostor. Predmet rada su informacione i komunikacione tehnologije i njihova mogućnost zloupotrebe. Rad pruža sistematski pregledni opis teme i ima za cilj da ukaže na problem zloupotrebe IKT i podstakne razmišljanje o ovom problemu. Metodom analize sadržaja prikazani su: istorijski razvoj savremenih IKT, ključni koncepti u vezi sa zloupotrebom IKT (koncept visokotehnološkog kriminala, koncept kritične infrastrukture, sajber terorizam) i uređenje problema na primeru Republike Srbije.","PeriodicalId":225370,"journal":{"name":"Politika nacionalne bezbednosti","volume":"149 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114091402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}