The Dhaka University Journal of Science最新文献

{"title":"Audit and risk control among devolved units in Kenya","authors":"San Lio, Selefano Odoyo","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v4i1.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v4i1.157","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper was to evaluate audit function in relation to risk control among Kenyan devolved units. The county audit reports can provide a good source of knowledge on whether the devolved units have met the objectives for which resources were allocated. Using mixed-method survey, the study was conducted among Kenyan county government’s auditors. The target population comprised 94 auditors from whom primary data was gathered by the use of questionnaire with both closed-ended and open-ended questions. The study variables were measured using both the ordinal scale and Likert-type of scale. The Partial correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, andstatistical tests such as the F-test and ANOVA were used. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the audit function and risk control. The study findings showed that, having easy access to all required audit information (M=3.49, SD=1.332) had an averagely high influence on risk control while having separate departments for accounting and audit staff (M=4.47,SD=0.959) had the greatest influence on risk control. On the other hand, establishing a corporate governance structure to safeguard the Kenyan County Governments’ assets from loss due to theft and other fraudulent activities (M=3.59, SD=1.055) measured above average on its influence on risk control. The top risks faced by devolved units in Kenya according to the findings of this study included financial risk (22.7%), internal control risk (12.0%), and fraudulent risk (9.3%). In conclusion, internal controls, human capital adequacy, audit information, timely implementation of audit findings had a substantially positive impact on risk control. This study recommends that Kenyan Counties should focus more on adequacy of audit information and human capital. Multi-unit approach to Kenyan Counties’ audit is also recommended owing to its effectiveness in financial risk control for enriched livelihoods of the Kenyan people.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89569814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of entrepreneurial orientation among muslim students in Kenya: A case of United States international University-Africa","authors":"Aisha Usman, Joseph Kamau","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v1i2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v1i2.167","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurial orientation is one of the very essential main factors for any nascent entrepreneurto launch their own enterprise. Many studies on entrepreneurial orientation have been conductedto identify the principal factors which affect entrepreneurs’ ability to be engaged in ownbusiness. The purpose of this study was to confirm the dimensionality of EntrepreneurialOrientation (EO) based on an exploration of its constructs among Kenyan university businessstudents in United States International university-Africa(USIU-A). A cross-sectional surveyapproach was conducted targeting students at USIU-A university. A descriptive quantitativeresearch design was implemented for this study and the information gathered from thequestionnaires was used to interpret and understand the significance of the study in relation tothe selected target population. Using a sample of 150 students, the hypotheses were developedand tested using structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that EO in the Kenyancontext was a three- factor instrument consisting of the three constructs: risk-taking,innovativeness and pro-activeness which had a strong correlation with the attitude of businessstudents on entrepreneurial orientation. This study provides better comprehension intoentrepreneurial orientation constructs among students in Kenya. Given the imperative need foruniversities to monitor and improve the entrepreneurial orientation and spirit among businessstudents, this study can help business students to understand better regarding the businessattitude they need to maintain, which can help them to improve proactive personality andformulate effective business strategies in the future.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135777967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turnaround strategies and performance of Kenya airways","authors":"Bibiana W. Mungai, H. Bula","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v1i2.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v1i2.162","url":null,"abstract":"Many organizations across the globe today are facing declining performance at some point intheir cycles due to internal and external factors or changes in the business environment. Mostoften, the organizations enter the state of decline due to pressures emanating from these factorswhich threaten their existence. These organizations compete for survival in the volatile andhostile market environment (the red ocean) and in order to emerge successful during the times ofdistress, most of them adopt turnaround strategies to enable them return back to their normalprofitability as well as improve their performance. As an alternative response to the crisis,turnaround strategies are applied to enhance an organization’s chances of survival and achievesustainable performance and recovery. This paper is an initiative into a study that sought todetermine the effect of turnaround strategies on performance of Kenya Airways. Specifically, thestudy sought to establish the effects of revenue generating strategy, cost reduction strategy, assetreduction strategy and financial restructuring on performance of Kenya Airways. The studyadopted a descriptive research design where data was analysed using descriptive statistics.Findings revealed that the four strategies affected the performance of Kenya Airways positivelyand contributed a lot to its turnaround.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88919953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Private sector engagement in humanitarian financing, logistics and technology and implementation of humanitarian aid projects in Kenya","authors":"Catherine W Nyambura","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v1i1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v1i1.173","url":null,"abstract":"Humanitarian crisis across the globe continue to increase in size, frequency, and complexity in the 21 Century challenging the ability of Organizations in disaster relief to save lives of persons in distress. This has been a challenge in Countries prone to natural disaster as well as those prone to human conflict such as Syria, Southern Sudan, Central Africa Republic, Yemen, Somalia and Democratic Republic of Congo. In Kenya, humanitarian crises have occurred in the form of recurrent drought, floods, malnutrition and food security, disease outbreak, post election violence; resource based intercommunal conflicts as well as terror attacks. These crises often require immediate response in order to save lives, as a result there is increasing need to engage private sector in humanitarian logistics, financing and technology when implementing humanitarian aid projects. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of combined private sector engagement and the implementation of humanitarian aid projects. The paradigm guiding the study is pragmatism and the study employed a cross sectional-survey design. The sample was drawn from Organizations in disaster relief programmes using both probability and non-probability sampling technique. Both primary and secondary data was utilized in data collection. Primary data was collected using self administered questionnaires, Key Informant Interview, and Focus Group Discussions Guides. Questionnaires issued were 117 out of these, 85 which is 72.6% were returned for analysis. The data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. For descriptive analysis, mean, percentages and frequencies were used. For inferential analysis, correlations and regressions were used. For p<0.05, H 0 was rejected and H1 accepted. For the strength of the relationships, r values were considered where: +0.10< r <+0.29; weak correlation +0.30< r <+0.49; moderate correlation +0.5 < r <+1.0; Strong correlation. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. The study findings indicate that combined private sector engagement influence on implementation of humanitarian aid projects in Kenya. The study concludes that combined private sector engagement is critical in implementation of humanitarian aid projects and there is need to put more emphasis on collaboration. The study recommended that there is need for more academic research on humanitarian aid.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135891563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theories in finance discipline: A critique of literature review","authors":"B. Warue","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v1i2.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v1i2.170","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to create awareness of a number of existing theories in Finance area of specialization. The compilation and analyses on the theories will help scholars quickly identify theories existing in finance and application of the theories in a scholarly manner. However the theories analyzed are not exhaustive. Scholars are allowed to add to the list of analyses.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88688999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in animal models: A case of diabetes mellitus herbal treatment","authors":"G. Njoroge","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v4i1.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v4i1.160","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal extracts have been used for control of type 2 diabetes mellitus for many centuries and the use of animal models to test the potency of these remedies is imperative. Given that preclinical studies may eventually inform clinical research and therapeutic developments, the impact of sex should be taken into consideration as an important biological variable in order to produce precise and reproducible results applicable to both men and women. This paper sought to find out whether there is sex differentiated outcomes on aherbal treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Alloxan induced diabetic wistar rats were the experimental subjects used in the study. Twenty-eight albino Wistar rats, fourteen males and fourteen females, aged 6-7 weeks and weighing 100-140 grams were subjected to this test. The response of interest was the change in blood glucose level 2 hours after the administration of the herbal treatment. A sharper rise in blood glucose level among the female rats was recorded compared to the males upon ingestion of glucose. On the other hand, the average change in blood glucose level was higher among the male rats compared to the females. This suggested that the course of the diabetes disease and the treatment effect was different in male and female rats. This study recommends the use of both male and female subjects in animal studies at both the experimental and analysis stages for completing the understanding about disease mechanisms and in driving the course of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85333621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implication of efficient market hypothesis and arbitrage pricing theory in Chepkube market at the Kenya-Uganda border: A critique of literature review","authors":"San Lio, Joice Onyango, J. Mirichii, C. Mumanthi, Godwin Njeru, Joslyn Karimi, B. Warue","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v1i2.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v1i2.165","url":null,"abstract":"Essentially, a market is the only point of convergence where actual exchanges betweenknowledgeable willing buyers on one hand and innovative creators of goods and services happen,and the end product is wealth, money and profit. The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) isfounded on the premise that it is impossible to “beat the market” because market efficiencycauses existing asset prices to always incorporate and reflect all relevant information. In anefficient capital market, the security prices reflect all the available information, and excess returnis not possible by trading on the basis of new information. Markets are broadly broken into twocomponents: markets for goods and commodities as well as the money markets. The ArbitragePricing Theory is an asset pricing model that explains the cross-sectional variation in assetreturns or prices. This study analyses the applicability of both EMH and APT theories inChepkube; largely a goods and commodities market located at the Kenya-Uganda border in EastAfrica. Desk research methodology was used for this study. The study interrogates the existingliterature in eliciting the required information necessary for the research findings. The researchfindings suggest that only the weak and semi strong form of EMH exists at Chepkube while theAPT in its simplest form dominates the market trends as brokers seize, create, and controlpertinent information. The results provide customers, entrepreneurs, SMEs, researchers,financiers, government regulators and other interest groups with insights on efficient markets; aswell as opportunities for further empirical research.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87615183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and financial performance of investment banks in Kenya","authors":"Peter Odera Onyango, E. Kalunda, F. Gatumo","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v4i2.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v4i2.149","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the ascendancy of operational risk on performance of investment banks in Kenya.The study adopts a mixed methods research design. The population of the study was drawn from 16investment banks operating in Kenya. Secondary data for the study was collected from the annualfinancial statements of the investment banks for the years 2011 to 2019. Primary data was utilized from27 interviewees composed of managers of the investment banks. Both descriptive and inferentialanalysis methods were employed in the analysis. The regression results indicate that operational risksby investment banks in Kenya have a negative and significant effect on financial performance ofinvestment banks in Kenya. Being a less capital intensive entity, the investment banks in Kenya do nothave many operations to be managed. However, there are increases in fixed costs such as office space,employee benefits and legal fees. These costs cannot be managed without jeopardizing the businessoperations and causing more undesirable effects. As such, the only way to manage them is to offset theoperational cost by improving the business returns. However, the improvement of returns depends onother business factors. Therefore, the growth in operational costs coupled with decline in profitsexplains the negative and significant relationship between operational risk and financial performanceof investment banks in Kenya.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85755041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of adaptive leadership’s behavior of self-leadership on organizational performance of insurance companies in Kenya","authors":"Agnes Wamburu, S. Nyambegera, Eric Kibet","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v4i2.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v4i2.150","url":null,"abstract":"The specific objective of the study was to examine the extent to which adaptive leadership behavior of self-leadership influences organizational performance. The study was guided by the Adaptive Leadership theory. It adopted the positivism philosophy and the descriptive research design. The study population consisted of 311 senior and middle-level managers from 56 licensed insurance companies in Kenya. A Census survey was adopted for this study that used primary data which was collected using a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. Descriptive statistics included the mean and standard deviation, while inferential statistics included the Chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis with results presented in tables and figures. The study found a positive and significant correlation between self-leadership and organizational performance. The study found that self-leadership significantly predicted organizational performance, β = 0.657, t (239) = 9.322, p <.001 hence, the study rejected the null hypothesis. The study concluded that self-leadership has a significant influence on organizational performance. The study, therefore, recommends that leaders should demonstrate selfleadership in order to enhance organizational performance.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81664476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of rational strategy implementation Sstyle on Pperformance of commercial state corporations in Kenya","authors":"Vincent I Ngundi, J. M. Namada","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v4i2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v4i2.145","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to examine how the rational strategy implementation style influenced the performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya. This study employed the positivism research philosophy and a descriptive research design. The target population was 1813 staff working in middle-level management (job groups N-Q) in commercial state corporations in Kenya. The multistage sampling method was applied to draw 327 respondents from the target population. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Using linear regression analysis through the SPSS statistical software, this research study established that the rational strategy implementation style had a positive and significant influence on the performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya. Further, this study found that a control system, clear strategic objectives and following pre-arranged activities positively and significantly influenced the financial performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya. In addition, a control system and following pre-arranged activities positively and significantly influenced the customer satisfaction of commercial state corporations in Kenya, but clear strategic objectives had no statistically significant influence on the customer satisfaction of commercial state corporations in Kenya. This study concludes that adoption of the rational strategy implementation style enhances the performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya, and therefore recommends that in order to improve performance, the management of commercial state corporations should ensure that control systems are in place, that strategic objectives are clear, and that the implementation of strategy follows pre-arranged activities.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79771931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}