{"title":"The need for standardization and regulation on electromagnetic compatibility in Africa","authors":"A. Ogunsola","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406729","url":null,"abstract":"Africa is an import oriented continent with a significant percentage of all electronics and electrical equipment imported, as new or second hand, from other developed nations. The explosion of the telecommunications industry in Africa is an indication of the potential market in this great continent, with an estimated market of 15 million subscribers to GSM technology in Nigeria alone. As Africa increases its participation as users (and most importantly as stakeholders) of technology, the importance of electromagnetic compatibility and bio-electromagnetics increasingly becomes an issue. The paper describes EMC, its potential impact and the need for regulation in an increasing industrialized Africa","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129086836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scheduler performance evaluation and the effect of aggregation on QoS in a DiffServ enabled network","authors":"J. J. Smit, H. Ferreira","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406685","url":null,"abstract":"Various network traffic models exist that describe network traffic behaviour, but no model describes differential traffic treatment to such an extent to be able to relate the impact different rates has on the various traffic classes. With computer network simulation, we evaluate four different standardized PHBs, namely EF, AF1, AF2 and BE. The PQ, SFQ, SCFQ, WFQ, WF2Q+ and LLQ scheduling mechanisms are analysed to find their performance in relation to EF traffic as well as the effects of different traffic aggregation schemes on them. The QoS factors we focus on are: one-way delay, queue lengths and inter-packet delay variation. Network topologies are large and are defined by various parameters, thus our simulations are performed using acceptable bounded properties","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124966549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A radio frequency MOSFET driver","authors":"A. Swart, H.C.V. Pienaar, M. Case","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406737","url":null,"abstract":"High power MOSFETs have become synonymous with power electronics applications. The ability of high power MOSFETs to act as a switch makes it the ideal switching device, where maximum voltage and zero current must occur when the device is open. When closed, the MOSFET must allow maximum current to flow with zero voltage across it. This technique of switching between maximum and zero voltage across the high power MOSFET is readily achieved at frequencies below 1 MHz. Raising the frequency to within the radio frequency range has often proved a problem since high power MOSFETs tend to have a frequency cut-off point. This paper attempts to address the switching habits and limits of high power MOSFETs within the radio frequency range by means of computer simulation and experimental verification","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129639799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Steyn, H. Ferreira, C. van der Westhuizen, W. A. Clarke
{"title":"Realizing multimedia distance education based on DVB and GSM data services","authors":"J. Steyn, H. Ferreira, C. van der Westhuizen, W. A. Clarke","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406891","url":null,"abstract":"Multimedia services are exploited in a variety of different applications such as telemedicine, distance education, video conferencing, etc. In this study innovative ways of realizing multimedia distance education through satellite and cellular communications are investigated. Focus is on African scenarios that require affordable, available and low technical-literacy-requirement solutions. A satellite link from teacher to students is used, completed by a GSM/cellular return path (from student back to the teacher). These two network infrastructures are well in place and accessible through out higher populated areas in Sub-Saharan Africa. This research aims to facilitate a multimedia distance education service on the proposed set up and then to assess system performance (bit rate consumption-cost, packet loss, jitter/unequal packet arrival intervals, round trip delays, etc.). Data/IP services available on GSM networks (SMS and GPRS) and satellite networks (DVB data broadcasting) are implemented. The flexibility of this system promises to deliver rich multimedia at scalable content/cost.","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130317827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Convergence analysis of iterative interference cancellation receivers for turbo-coded DS-CDMA systems","authors":"E. Bejide, F. Takawira","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406658","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the behaviour of iterative interference cancellation receivers in turbo-coded DS-CDMA systems. We propose a methodology for the convergence analysis of the receivers. Our method is based on the Gaussian approximation technique. Analytical expressions for the SNR transfer function of the interference cancellation stage of the receiver are presented. This is in contrast to the semi-analytical approach that has been used in the literature to determine the variance transfer function of the interference cancellation stage. Results show that the proposed methodology is accurate for the convergence analysis of the iterative interference cancellation receiver","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130557626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pairwise error probability on the Gilbert-Elliott channel with application to turbo codes","authors":"T. Ngatched, F. Takawira","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406674","url":null,"abstract":"The Gilbert-Elliott (GE) channel is one of the simplest and practical models for a channel with memory. In this paper, the performance of a binary linear code in a slowly varying Rayleigh fading channel modeled by the GE channel model is considered. An analytical expression for the pairwise error probability of maximum likelihood decoding of a binary linear code on the GE channel model is derived. This expression is obtained as a function of the channel parameters and can be used to obtain the union bound on the bit error probability of any binary linear code on the GE channel if the weight distribution or average weight distribution of the codewords is known. Comparisons between the results obtained by this analytical expression and results obtained through computer simulations in the case of turbo codes show that the analytical results are accurate in establishing the decoder performance in the range where obtaining sufficient data from simulation is impractical","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126700168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wavelength tunable add/drop multiplexer for dense wavelength-division multiplexing using short- and long-period fiber gratings","authors":"R. Kritzinger, P. Swart","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406835","url":null,"abstract":"This work is primarily concerned with the utilization of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and chirped long-period gratings (CLPGs) to realize a novel wavelength-tunable optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) device. We considered the theory of fiber Bragg gratings and long-period gratings to explain the operation of the new device. The method of strain used for tuning of the fiber Bragg grating, channel isolation, and crosstalk between channels are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124221148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A proposal for secure software download in SDR","authors":"D. Dawoud","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406637","url":null,"abstract":"To promote the commercial implementation of software defined radio (SDR) terminals, a secure method of download is vital. The flexibility of the system to change from one environment to the other and the possibility of changing any cryptographic component at any time is also an important issue. In this paper we are discussing three main design metrics of SDR. A proposed protocol for changing any cryptographic component is proposed","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123384399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A business case for the sharing of processing power between 2.5G mobile phones","authors":"A. Gazendam, Y. Kaka","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406690","url":null,"abstract":"Current 2.5G mobile phones, and the coming wave of mobile phones conforming to the specifications of 3G and beyond, have great potential to be utilized as nodes in what is referred to as \"wireless grids\". Many modern mobile phones have processing power comparable to that of personal computers of a few years ago. This attribute, in combination with the vast numbers of mobile phones being sold every year and their various connectivity options, make mobile phones interesting candidates for distributed processing nodes. The ad-hoc networking benefits of Bluetooth and \"always-online\" characteristic of GPRS are networking benefits that could well compensate for relatively low user-level data rates of 2.5G networks when compared to that of conventional computer networks. The programming options provided by Java, Microsoft and Symbian environments on modern mobile phones enable development of the client-side software necessary for the wireless grid","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123539547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"xDSL as a broadband solution for the developing countries","authors":"Z. Mbebe, R. Sewsunker","doi":"10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFRICON.2004.1406651","url":null,"abstract":"Developing countries present a graphic picture of the digital divide. This is the result of locating previously disadvantaged people in underdeveloped areas. These areas are characterized by a high rate of unemployment and a poor level of education. This results in a scenario where most of the residents are unable to utilize IT resources. Some people in these areas are not informed about the availability and importance of these technologies in the market. Those who are academically fit for accessing these technologies often cannot afford them. High deployment costs associated with broadband services makes it even more challenging to deploy such services in this environment. Approximately 80% of the population in Africa is rural, which alone creates a demand for the coverage of rural regions. In this research, it is shown that broadband services can be delivered to rural people by applying xDSL technologies, using the existing telecommunications infrastructure. With this technology a number of different high bandwidth services can be delivered to homes, schools, hospitals, telecentres and small businesses","PeriodicalId":224116,"journal":{"name":"2004 IEEE Africon. 7th Africon Conference in Africa (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37590)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116197025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}