{"title":"EFFECTIVE BACKTRACKING ALGORITHM FOR HALF-CUT CELL SOLAR PANELS","authors":"Filippo Cheein, D. Dolan, Salter H Patrick","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1402","url":null,"abstract":"The Gold Tree Solar Farm is a single-axis tracking facility that is made up of two different kinds of panels: conventional single cell and half-cut cell solar panels. The standard for maximizing power production through shade elimination in a horizontal single axis tracker is an algorithm known as backtracking. Traditional backtracking is designed for conventional panels and adjusts the tracker angle to eliminate row to row shading. However, this may not be the optimal algorithm in all cases for an installation using half-cut cell panels. By altering the algorithm to shade half of the panel at certain times, it is possible to increase the power production of half-cut cell panels during the beginning and end of a day using a technique that will be called half-backtracking.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114533118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nouri, Alireza Soroudi, Ronan Murphy, David Ryan, Miguel Ponce de Leon, Niall Grant, A. Keane
{"title":"A NON-WIRE SOLUTION FOR THE ACTIVE MANGAMENT OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS","authors":"A. Nouri, Alireza Soroudi, Ronan Murphy, David Ryan, Miguel Ponce de Leon, Niall Grant, A. Keane","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1394","url":null,"abstract":"The requirement to significantly decarbonise the Irish economy presents specific challenges in relation to the costeffective facilitation of small-scale Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and the provision of infrastructure to enable the electrification of heat and transport. Such challenges are emphasised by the predictions for mass adoption of Electrical Vehicles (EVs), solar PV generation and battery storage systems at both a global and national level. An effective distributed voltage management and reactive power scheduling framework is presented in this paper as a part of the RESERVE project which was aimed at paving the way towards the ambitious goal of 100 percent renewable energy. In the RESERVE project the successful integration of a diverse of array of inverter based DER trial site deployments into a single scalable control & monitoring platform served to validate their capability to support distribution networks through the provision of system services.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124188612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unified Power Quality Evaluation of Charging Electrical Vehicles on Electrical Grid","authors":"T. Megahed, M. R. Elkallah, S. Abdelkader","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1412","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical vehicles (EVs) are marking a revolution in the world because of its environmental and economic benefits. However, charging EVs affects the energy quality of the electrical network. Therefore, this paper adopts to analyze the power quality (PQ) impact of EVs charging from the electrical grid. PQ is analyzed based on five quality factors which are “harmonics of voltage and current, voltage sag, voltage unbalance, and frequency deviation”. The effect of charging EV depends on the number of charging vehicles from the same location at the same time. Therefore, this work introduces two charging locations; at charging stations that have many EVs, and individual charging at the home that has one vehicle. Although the PQ effect of EV charging at home is less than at the charging station, at home the negative PQ impact is spread along the street. While at the station, the PQ impact is concentrated in one place. To determine the impact range of electric vehicle charging on the grid quality, it is preferable to have one indicator to determine this value. Therefore, this paper presents a unified power quality index (UPQI) for estimating PQ which is based on the five proposed quality factors using an artificial neural network (ANN).","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127926791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nagar, V. Gupta, R. Kumar, R. Bansal, R. Naidoo
{"title":"PV-BES Integrated Residential Society Governed Electric Vehicle Charging Station","authors":"S. Nagar, V. Gupta, R. Kumar, R. Bansal, R. Naidoo","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1378","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few decades, electricity has become an essential part of the life, as we are surrounded by electrical and electronics equipment. Most of the work is now a days online and for that electricity consumption increases significantly. To match the load demand, instead of using conventional sources, the world is more focused on renewable energy for a cheaper and green energy. A solution to the emissions and increased electricity consumption is being mitigated with the installation of PV- Battery Energy Storage (BES). Similarly, vehicles are also an important aspect of life as they save time and provides a way towards comfort. Using Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) vehicles results in emission of NOx, SOx, COx gases, these gases lead to air pollution and global warming which is a major issue before the world. This problem can be mitigated by start using electric vehicles (EVs). This paper will discuss about the model having BES and PV integrated residential society with a Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS). For the proposed model the aim is to maximize the benefit to the houses in society from peer to peer trading, EVCS, feeding back to grid. The impact of the winter variation on the proposed model is also analysed. It was found that the electricity bill of the residential society is reduced and revenue generation is increased on integrating society with PV, BES and EVCS. The dependency of the society on grid is also get reduced on integrating PV-BES, as some part of the demand of houses is fulfilled by PV, BES.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134042479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of Controller Parameters for Grid Photovoltaic System at Faulty Network Using Emperor Penguin Optimizer","authors":"A. Omar, Walid H. Abd El-Hameed, H. Hasanien","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1398","url":null,"abstract":"The Solar energy is one of the most important options for future generation of electric power. This article presents a novel application of the Emperor Penguin Optimizer (EPO) in order to optimally tune the PV controllers to enhance the low voltage ride through of grid-connected PV systems. The dynamic performance of the photovoltaic interface system can be indicated by the low voltage ride through (LVRT) enhancement in percentage undershoots or overshoots, settling time and voltage response steady-state error. A control strategy is applied to the DC-DC converter to obtain a maximum power point tracking operation through a proportional-integral (PI) -based open fractional voltage control. In the paper calculated the dynamic performances of the system, transient to enhance the voltage side inverter control voltage (VSC), and improvement the parameter of PV such as voltage at PCC, current, active power, reactive power and enhancing the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of the pv system of rules to get optimum values obtained through method of optimization studied of grid fault conditions of PV system using MATLAB/SIMULINK Software. This paper explains the using the PI controllers of photovoltaic systems and comparison with old methods to get PI controller parameters that guarantee the optimum design of the controllers the fitness function is optimized by using the EPO.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131791987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Oureilidis, Kyriaki-Nefeli D. Malamaki, S. Gkavanoudis, J. Martínez-Ramos, C. Demoulias
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF COST-FUNCTIONS FOR THE REMUNERATION OF NEW ANCILLARY SERVICES IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS","authors":"K. Oureilidis, Kyriaki-Nefeli D. Malamaki, S. Gkavanoudis, J. Martínez-Ramos, C. Demoulias","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1365","url":null,"abstract":"The higher penetration of intermittent and volatile Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRES) in distribution grids is gradually replacing the bulk synchronous generators (SGs) of the transmission system, resulting in poor reaction after a grid event. Conventionally, in order to ensure the stable and safe operation of the electrical grid, the Transmission System Operators (TSOs) request the participation of SGs in Ancillary Services (AS) markets. On the other side, the DRES are mainly regarded as negative loads complying with certain grid codes requirements and no participation to such markets. However, new control algorithms are emerged, including the DRES operation with P-f droop curves, their reactive power contribution according to voltage variations, ramp-rate limitation and fault-ride-through (FRT) capability. Moreover, other support functions have also been proposed in the literature, e.g. provision of virtual inertia, power smoothing and harmonic mitigation. Such support functions, provided that they are properly quantified, can be traded in the AS markets already existing at transmission system level. This paper develops cost-functions for the procurement of the aforementioned AS in a parametric form after conducting a cost-benefit analysis per AS, considering several factors, such as the location, the size and the capability for providing the AS.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132996804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"QUANTIFICATION OF DEMAND-SIDE FLEXIBILITY FOR A SMART ACTIVE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING","authors":"V. Stepaniuk, J. Pillai, B. Bak‐Jensen","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1376","url":null,"abstract":"According to EU's energy efficiency and climatic change prevention strategy, one of the largest accents in smartening the grid for high penetration of distributed and intermittent renewable energy sources (RESs) is now being made on buildings. Buildings are the largest end-use sector taking about 40% of total final energy consumption and 55% of electricity consumption in the EU-28 in 2012. It is considered as one of the most prospective platforms when utilised smartly to solve discrepancies from mismatch between intermittent energy generation and demand. Referring to the energy performance of Buildings Directive, the flexibility of a building's overall electricity demand, including its ability to enable participation in demand response (DR) is highlighted as one of three main smart grid readiness indicators and key functionalities of buildings. However, flexibility is easy to define but not easy to quantify. This paper aims to quantify the flexibility, namely the actual amount of peak-hour energy that can be shaved through DR application in active residential building equipped with a heat pump (HP) and hot water storage tank (HWST). The advantage of this study is a detailed HP energy model including restarting delay, energy conversion delay, defrost mode, guaranteed power-on duration, aimed to maximally reflect its operating behaviour. The computation of flexibility is realized using a rule-based management strategy to provide a response to a technical (incentive-based and reliability-oriented) DR signal without violating user thermal comfort preferences when following all the aforementioned limitations. Two different storage sizes and two different operational scenarios “with” and “without” DR application are compared.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127648786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Afkousi-Paqaleh, Valentín Rigoni, Christopher Wilson, N. Hewitt, D. Flynn, A. Keane
{"title":"NETWORK LIMITS ON RESIDENTIAL HEAT PUMP CAPACITY AS AN ENABLING TECHNOLOGY TOWARDS RENEWABLES INTEGRATION","authors":"M. Afkousi-Paqaleh, Valentín Rigoni, Christopher Wilson, N. Hewitt, D. Flynn, A. Keane","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1390","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to increasing the share of renewables in power systems, there is also growing interest in the electrification of the heating sector; in particular, via the installation of residential heat pumps. This new load category will increase the demand from domestic customers and reduce the natural diversification of loads in low voltage (LV) networks, with implications, at certain times, for the loading levels of network assets, and voltage drops at the extremes of the LV feeders. This paper assesses the volume restrictions that LV feeders are likely to require on the widespread installation of heat pumps for different domestic settings. Consequently, a set of real LV feeders, for selected scenarios, is investigated for different levels of heat pump penetration, network loading conditions and upstream voltage levels. The hosting capacity of the feeders under study is determined and mapped against feeder topological features. Moreover, correlation analysis between the duration and severity of voltage and congestion problems, for different feeder characteristics is performed.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127425077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bagchi, R. Best, D. Morrow, A. Cupples, J. Pollock, I. Bailie
{"title":"COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF STORAGE DEVICES FOR PROVISION OF MULTIPLE SERVICES IN MV DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS","authors":"A. Bagchi, R. Best, D. Morrow, A. Cupples, J. Pollock, I. Bailie","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1389","url":null,"abstract":"Significant research is currently underway for investigating how energy storage devices could facilitate the increased adoption of distributed generators (DG) and heat pumps across distribution networks without compromising on power quality and system security. This paper presents a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis on two storage technologies - Pb-acid and Li-ion - to establish their economic viability for providing distribution network services while considering their associated investment and operation and maintenance (O&M) costs. Using an actual 11 kV distribution network model along with two weeks of substation data from Northern Ireland, the study first identifies potential network security violations resulting from increased DG penetrations. An optimization formulation incorporating storage devices is then solved, and financial benefits quantified corresponding to the following network services being offered: renewable curtailment minimization and peak shaving. The financial benefits are compared vis-à-vis the investment and O&M costs for storage devices, and it is demonstrated how the provision of the previously mentioned network services using batteries can potentially open up additional revenue streams for their owners. The study recommends that in order to make storage investments even more attractive, further reduction in storage prices along with the opportunity to offer additional network services (e.g., loss reduction) could be considered.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122758680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VOLTAGE CONTROL IN LV DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS CONSIDERING INCREASING PENETRATION OF LOW CARBON TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"A. Bagchi, D. Bradley, R. Best, D. Morrow","doi":"10.1049/icp.2021.1393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.1393","url":null,"abstract":"While the increased penetration of low carbon technologies (LCT), e.g., distributed generators, electric vehicles (EV) and heat pumps (HP) in distribution networks offers several economic and environmental benefits, their uncontrolled operation can cause under-voltage and/or overloading issues to occur in these networks. The ability of storage devices to maintain distribution network security and reliability while facilitating the increased adoption of LCTs is an important and topical area of research. Consequently, this paper presents the findings of an investigation on how inverter-connected storage devices could help in removing network security violations caused by increased penetrations of EVs and HPs in a LV distribution network. Several simulations corresponding to different combinations of load, EV and HP growth scenarios are performed on an actual 400 V network model from Northern Ireland, and vulnerable nodes (experiencing under-voltages) and (overloaded) feeder sections are identified. Storage inverters are strategically placed at different points along the affected feeders, and it is demonstrated how appropriate P–Q injections from these devices can successfully eliminate the identified network security violations in the distribution network during hours of high demand from the EVs and HPs.","PeriodicalId":223615,"journal":{"name":"The 9th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG Dublin Online 2021)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122872796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}