{"title":"Communication Technology advancement and political outcomes in the developing world: Evidence from 4G proliferation in Indonesia","authors":"Najwa Khairina , Rus'an Nasrudin , Bambang P.S. Brodjonegoro","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the impact of 4G internet expansion on voter turnout in Indonesia's 2019 and 2024 general elections, drawing on novel subdistrict-level administrative data that combines 4G coverage records from the Ministry of Communication and Technology with official vote recapitulation data from the General Election Committee. To address the selection bias of the 4G infrastructure roll out, we control for subdistrict and year fixed effect to account for subdistrict unobserved heterogeneity across the election cycles. Across both presidential and legislative contests, greater 4G coverage is associated with lower turnout: −0.009 percentage points in the presidential election and −0.030, −0.018, and −0.014 percentage points in the national, provincial, and district legislative elections, respectively. Nevertheless, these magnitude of turnout response to changes in 4G access are economically small. Our results are robust across specifications, including models that exclude Java, a region central to Indonesia's economic development and electoral dynamics. We also find suggestive evidence on the channel of how internet access decrease voters' turnout: Increased internet access may contribute to information overload and disinformation, reducing incentives to vote, while the preference to spend leisure time online may further discourage electoral participation during election public holidays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103146"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103149
Jose L. Bonifaz, Julio Aguirre
{"title":"Impact assessment of broadband transport and internet access projects in Peru","authors":"Jose L. Bonifaz, Julio Aguirre","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the effects of regional broadband initiatives awarded to private operators in Peru between 2019 and 2022. Relying primarily on household survey data, the analysis estimates the effects of these projects on welfare outcomes in the targeted districts. The evaluated intervention involves the phased rollout of broadband infrastructure in beneficiary localities, which created temporal and geographic variation in implementation suitable for quasi-experimental analysis. To estimate causal impacts, a two-stage least squares (2SLS) model is used to address endogeneity, a common concern when infrastructure investment and socioeconomic conditions may be interconnected. The results reveal robust impacts on educational outcomes and working hours in beneficiary localities, underscoring the importance of expanding digital infrastructure to promote inclusion and rural development. In contrast, the estimated effects on income and healthcare access are not robust across some specifications and should therefore be interpreted with caution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103149"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103150
Kebede Bekele , Dick Durevall , Gebeyehu M. Fetene
{"title":"Digitalization and firm resilience: Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia","authors":"Kebede Bekele , Dick Durevall , Gebeyehu M. Fetene","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past few decades, internet access and the adoption of 3G/4G wireless networks have expanded across Africa. This digital transformation brings both opportunities and challenges. In this study, we use panel data from two rounds of the World Bank Enterprise Survey conducted in Zambia—before and after the COVID-19 outbreak—to examine the impact of digitalization on firm resilience in a developing-country context. Our analysis employs entropy balancing and difference-in-differences models and remains robust across various estimation techniques. A key finding is that firms that had adopted digital technologies before the pandemic experienced less revenue loss than other firms. The average effects are large but vary significantly across industries. These findings underscore the potential of digital strategies in mitigating economic disruptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103150"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103148
Philip Avornyo , Lin Xiao , Christian Narh Opata , Selasie Avornyo
{"title":"Mobile financial services: paying with my palm – as simple as that!","authors":"Philip Avornyo , Lin Xiao , Christian Narh Opata , Selasie Avornyo","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As Mobile Financial Services payment methods advance, the Palm Payment Method (PPM) demonstrates some commercial potential. However, this potential is still emerging, particularly in global adoption contexts. While previous studies have examined PPM from a technical performance perspective, this approach is not entirely realistic, as the consumer behavior perspective, specifically the simple view of the method is needed for PPM to occur. Therefore, this study includes users’ perceptions of simplicity of PPM into an extended mobile technology acceptance model for PPM context. An empirical investigation, based on WeChat voice and video call interviews with international students living in China, as potential users, supports the research model. The findings reveal that perceived simplicity has a strong positive effect on both acceptance of PPM and its key determinant. By incorporating this construct into mobile technology acceptance theory, this study enhances the understanding of PPM adoption and provides valuable insights for researchers and industry practitioners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103148"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103140
Nir Kshetri
{"title":"Privacy and cybersecurity issues facing the metaverse: An analysis of technological and institutional factors","authors":"Nir Kshetri","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The metaverse presents several unique challenges from security and privacy standpoints. This paper offers a detailed description and analysis of technological environment and institutional factors that can lead to increased privacy violations and security breaches in the metaverse. On the technological front, it discusses how various features of the metaverse such as newness, novelty and complexity of technologies involved, data intensiveness and weak architectural security of the metaverse are likely to provide a fruitful environment for cybercriminals and other perpetrators. The paper analyzes the level and nature of the impacts of privacy violations and security breaches on consumers and victims in the metaverse environment. It also demonstrates how security breaches in the metaverse are likely to lead to immediate harms to victims. It promotes an understanding of how institutions at various level are related to privacy and security risks in the metaverse. On the regulatory front, it points out that privacy and security laws of the Web2 era are not sufficient to deal with the environments of the metaverse. It also argues that the preparedness to provide security and privacy in the metaverse’s multidimensional and multi-sensory environment is currently lacking at the industry level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103140"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing AI literacy policies in the European Union, the United States, India, and China","authors":"Haoyu Yang , Jinghong Xu , Xianquan Zeng , Xinyang Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As AI becomes a central element of national and global development strategies, actors are promoting AI literacy through policies that foster highly skilled talent and equip citizens to engage with AI in everyday life. This study conducts a comparative policy analysis of 41 AI literacy policies from the EU, US, India, and China, examining convergences and divergences in domestic talent cultivation and international talent attraction strategies. Research indicates that actors often follow similar pathways, including expanding AI and STEM programs in higher education and establishing dedicated institutions to strengthen internal talent reserves. Simultaneously, efforts are made to integrate technical and socio-technical competence into inclusive education, advancing AI literacy across society. Nevertheless, influenced by labor market saturation, AI industry development, and strategic positioning, AI literacy policies also exhibit regional variations. This study contributes to understanding global trajectories in AI policy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103142"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103086
Michel Mersereau
{"title":"“In the end, Bell always wins …” A critical analysis of concentration in Toronto's fibre-internet service market","authors":"Michel Mersereau","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The following paper presents results of inductive analysis of the capital works undertakings of three fibre-based telecommunications services providers (TSPs) operating in Toronto, Canada between 2012 and 2022. The data was obtained via a freedom of information request submitted to the City of Toronto, and the results highlight the dominance of the market's incumbent-local-exchange carrier in project and linear length deployments. A comparative analysis of cumulative works is presented by the type of construction activity inclusive of overlapping projects. We draw on a range of legal and regulatory actions to assess and contextualize the TSP works represented in the data, and to advance a critical analysis of the capture of municipal public spaces in furthering federal objectives towards facilities-based competition. We conclude with policy recommendations premised on prospective disclosure of extant capital works data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103143
Xiaoheng Wu , Cunyang Yu , Jiayao Xu
{"title":"Divide or Bridge: How does broadband infrastructure reshape the sense of safety among the elderly?","authors":"Xiaoheng Wu , Cunyang Yu , Jiayao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the dual advancement of aging and digitalization, how digitalization can empower the elderly has become an important research topic. This paper utilizes panel data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2012 to 2020 and employs the “Broadband China” strategy as an exogenous shock to examine the impact of broadband infrastructure on the sense of safety among the elderly. The study finds that broadband infrastructure significantly enhances the social sense of safety among the elderly, primarily by promoting their digital participation and increasing their political trust, thereby improving their overall sense of safety. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that broadband infrastructure mainly improves the sense of safety among female, low-educated, rural, and spouseless elderly individuals. This study provides important insights into how to alleviate information poverty among the elderly, bridge the digital divide, and build an actively aging society in the context of the digital age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103143"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Telecommunications PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103141
Renzo Clavijo
{"title":"The effects of banning permanence clauses in mobile phone markets","authors":"Renzo Clavijo","doi":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permanence clauses are a widespread tool used by mobile operators to keep consumers subscribed to their network. This type of contract imposes switching costs on consumers, typically through a minimum contract duration before the subscriber can leave the network or a penalty to be paid by the user if leaving before the minimum permanence expires. A ban on permanence clauses was ruled by 2014-Q3 by the regulator in Colombia. This paper proposes a difference-in-differences approach to gather reduced-form evidence about the effect of the ban on the Colombian mobile voice market. Evidence shows that the average revenue per user significantly drops by 30.92% due to the ban.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22290,"journal":{"name":"Telecommunications Policy","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 103141"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}