Archives of Microbiology & Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Is HDL-C Plasma Concentration a Possible Marker of HIV Replication? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis in Untreated HIV-Infected Individuals Accessing HIV Care in Italy. Data from The ICONA Foundation Study Cohort","authors":"Stefania Piconi, Martina Bottanelli","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500116","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology & Immunology","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122516219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple ELISA Methods to Estimate Neutralizing Antibody Titers to SARS-CoV-2: IgG Quantification, the Avidity Index, and the Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test","authors":"Victor Manuylov, I. Dolzhikova, A. Kudryashova, B. Cherepovich, A. Kovyrshina, A. Iliukhina, O. Kharchenko, M. Semashko, A. Tkachuk, V. Gushchin, O. Borisova","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650088","url":null,"abstract":"Antibody the Surrogate Neutralization Test. Abstract A total of 104 sera sampled from vaccinated (“Sputnik V”, Russia) volunteers were tested in parallel to determine different markers of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Testing was conducted using the neutralizing antibodies titer (NtAb) in the virus neutralization assay (VNA), the IgG to RBD in the quantitative ELISA (BAU/ml), the avidity index (AI) of the IgG to RBD (also in ELISA), and the titers of “neutralizing antibodies” which can block an interaction between human ACE2 and the viral RBD proteins in a competitive ELISA surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). The correlation coefficients between the quantitative results in the tried ELISA assays and the “true” NtAb titers in the VNA were high, with the following values: r=0.86 for BAU/ml (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.80-0.91, p<0.0001); 0.54 for the AI (95% CI: 0,38-0,67, p<0.0001); and 0.84 for the sVNT titer (95% CI:0.79-0.90). Additionally, it was found that the multiplicative index of BAU/ml × AI (which corresponds to the concentration of the high-affinity fraction of the total IgG to the RBD) gives a maximum correlation to the NtAb titers (r=0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.92, p<0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of the tested ELISA assays in recognizing the supposedly protective NtAb titer of ≥1:160 were the following: for the BAU/ml – 87.7±8% and 97.4±5%; for the (BAU/ml ×","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116795540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real Time Micro-Organisms PCR in 82 Horseflies in France","authors":"François Fournier, F. Durand, Eric Estramon, Y. Lequette, C. Perronne, M. Franck, A. Lacout","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124823013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative for Paraclinical Diagnosis in Suspected Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome in Women with Arrested Pregnancies","authors":"Randriamahazo Rakotomalala Toky, Rainibarijaona Lanto Nirina Aime, Raherinaivo Anjatiana Annick, Rajaonatahina Davidra, Rakotovao Luc, Andrianampanalinarivo Hery Rakotovao, Rasamindrakotroka Andry","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650084","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative Abstract Introduction: Antiphospholipid antibodies are a heterogeneous group of circulating antibodies that recognize phospholipids and phospholipid-binding proteins as antigen. Anti-phospholipid antibodies have been found in 6% of women with obstetrical pathologies. In Madagascar, no studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in terminated pregnancies. The objective of our study is to find an alternative for the paraclinical diagnosis of antiphospholipid antibodies in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancies at the Material and Methods: The study was a prospective descriptive study on the search for lupus anticoagulant in all patients with an arrested pregnancy who were admitted to the gynecology department of CHUGOB during the month of March 18, 2019 to October 09, 2019. Epidemiological parameters were studied such as age, gestational age, gestational age, parity, number of abortions but also medical history and biological parameters prolongation of the aPTT and elevated RPR. Results: During the study period, During our study period we included 100 patients, The median gestational age of our study population was 27 days with a minimum of 10 days and a maximum of 40 days with a predominance of spontaneous abortions (55%) over in-utero fetal deaths (45%). In the biological analyses, 3% of the patients had an APTT ratio greater than 1.2. After correction, one case had a Rosner index of 29.1. Three cases of RPR positivity with a low titre without TPHA positivity were found.One patient with disseminated lupus erythematosus had an uncorrected prolonged APTT and a positive RPR with a low titre. Conclusion: the prolonged aPTT, the use of the false positive syphilis serological test for the detection of aCL can be an inexpensive alternative, but does not allow the presence of aCL to be affirmed with certainty","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125844395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Sensitivity, Specificity, and Likelihood Ratio Dependent on Prevalence of Disease-Underlying Cause","authors":"Walter Fierz","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114202927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Use: A Modifiable Factor to Avoid Candidemia in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19","authors":"V. Macedo, Ana Carolina do Rocio da Trindade Areco, E. Simoes, Liete Antosz Lopes Maia, Nayane Hiba Fuga, Nicolle Gabriela de Oliveira","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126953259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hla-A*32 is Associated with Severity of Covid-19 Patients","authors":"N. Kandemir, Belemir Nermin ANIL, Cihad Sakar, H. Saat, A. Kapuağası, İ. Şencan","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1369595/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1369595/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Recent advances have contributed to a better understanding of the shared and specific roles of HLA alleles in outcome of Covid-19 disease. We aimed to determine if a severe prognosis could be predicted. Methods: : Covid-19 patients were divided into severe (n=30) and non-severe (n=29) patient groups. All patients’ demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Class I/II HLA loci (A, B, C and DRB1, DQB1, DQA1) alleles were studied in patients and healthy controls (n=30), and outcomes of data were compared. Results: : From the demographic and clinical data, 28-day mortality, comorbidity, hypertension and coronary artery disease were found to be significantly higher in the severe group (SG) compared to the non-severe group (NSG). Of the parent-1 allele groups, A*26, A*32, B*41, C*14, C*16, DRB1*8, and DRB1*14 alleles were only present in the severe group and DQB1*4, B*27, B*52, and C*5 alleles were present in the severe and non-severe groups but not in controls. Also, while the presence of A*68, B*37, B*58, DRB1*16, DQB1*4, and C*14 alleles from parent-2 allele groups only in severe and non-severe groups may cause susceptibility to the disease, parent-2 allele groups A*1, DQB1*4, B*15 and B*54 were only present in healthy controls and may have a protective effect. Conclusion: Since only the A*32 allele was detected in both parents only in the severe group, this allele may be associated with Covid-19 disease. These data suggest that some HLA alleles may be associated with the occurrence of Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116671123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Clathrin Involved in Internalization of The Small Molecule Berberine by Primary Mouse Mast Cells?","authors":"S. B. Alam, M. Kulka","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650082","url":null,"abstract":"Is Clathrin Involved in Internalization of The Small Molecule Berberine by Primary Mouse Mast Cells? 6 (2022): 141-148. Abstract The internalization and endocytosis of small molecules is a process that relies on either passive diffusion across the cell membrane or active transport through complex endocytic pathways such as pinocytosis. Using the fluorescent benzylisoquinoline compound berberine (BBR) as a tool, we analyzed the internalization of this small molecule by differentiated mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. Our recent data showed that internalization of this compound was energy-and time-dependent and was increased when cells were treated with the differentiation cytokine, interleukin-3 (IL-3). In this commentary, we examine some of the possible mechanisms of internalization and provide further data to show that this process is partially dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Our hypothesis is that BBR internalization may utilize several pathways of internalization depending upon cell activation and proliferation.","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114447419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Reactions to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines and Studies of the Mechanisms Involved","authors":"M. Audicana, María Inmaculada Muro, Marianna Longo, A. Martínez-Arcediano, P. Ollo Morales, E. Fernández Ibáñez","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650089","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Characterize the immunologic mechanisms underlying allergic reactions to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Material and Methods: A total of 85 adverse reactions induced by mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were recorded and graded in severe, moderate and mild/atypical cases. Skin prick tests and intradermal tests were conducted to authorized vaccines, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate 80 (P80), and trometamol. Total and specific IgE to ethylene oxide (EO) were obtained. Basophil activation test (BAT) to vaccines and PEG were also conducted. Results: Positive results were obtained mainly among moderate/severe patients, and also in 2 atypical cases. Both P80 and Trometamol were negative in all the cases studied. PEG was positive in 3 cases. Among 83out of 85 cases tested cases with vaccines, 11 were positive by intradermal tests and, no case was positive by prick tests. Among the 15 selected patients with positive skin tests and/or severe symptoms, 9 of them presented positive results in BAT. Conclusions and Relevance: Among mild and atypical cases, those with negative skin tests tolerated vaccines with premedication. Women and people with a history of adverse drug reactions appear to be at increased risk of ADRs and allergy to the mRNA vaccine. The most serious cases, however, have been recorded in the only two men in the series. Allergy to PEG has only been confirmed in 3% of the adverse reactions and less than 1 per 100,000 vaccines administered. Immunological tests results suggest different induction mechanisms are involved.","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123457408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grave’s Disease: Pathophysiology of a Model Autoimmune Disease","authors":"Marium Nabi, R. Noor, Aleena Zahid, Tuba Zulfiqar, Ammara Khalid, Samreen Ri","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650083","url":null,"abstract":"Grave's disease is categorized as an autoimmune disease and type V hypersensitivity. It causes the formation of IgG antibodies that stimulates the thyrotropin receptor. It is suggested that in this disease, there is hyper stimulation of the thyroid gland by different clinical researches of this disease that result in thyrocyte hypoplasia (which is also known as goiter) and hyperthyroidism. Vulnerability to factors impacting the defenselessness and triggers for Graves' infection endures, alongside a wide variety in the reaction to hostile thyroid medications, as of now at roughly half of the non-responders. This review article describes the immune genetic, pathophysiological as well as environmental aspects related to this disease. It also emphasizes new research that elucidates the new methods to help resolve this disease-however its various areas of concern still need to be explored more extensively. by the action of CD90 glycoprotein. Fibroblasts are accelerated into adipogenesis by some factors such as IL-16, PGD2, and, IL-1β. Research shows that adipogenesis is inhibited by the action of TNF-α and IFNγ 15. The output of these researches concludes that cytokines instead of tissue remodeling and fibrosis are involved in the early phases of ophthalmopathy. The Thy1+ fibroblasts are capable of developing into myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts are present in muscles and participate in important functions such as collagen accumulation and muscle contractions18. The antiadipogenic factors released by Thy1+ fibroblasts inhibit the differentiation of Thy1− fibroblasts. The introduction of TGF-β and the quantity of Thy1- and Thy1+ causes extraocular muscle and the involvement of adipose tissue in GO patients19. B-cells are the type of white blood cells that originate from hematopoietic stem cells and mature in the bone marrow. B cells are activated in secondary lymphoid organs -i.e. spleen and lymph nodes. They function in humoral immunity and produce antibodies.","PeriodicalId":222617,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology &amp; Immunology","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124615907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}