Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Training in Children's Art School in Fostering Psychological Wellbeing","authors":"O. Zotova, L. Tarasova","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study addresses psychological features underlying healthy functioning of the individual and his/her successful management of stressful and tense situations. To study the role of training in children’s art school (CAS) in the formation of the given psychological features the authors conducted a comparative analysis of persons with full-time course of education in CAS and persons without such experience. The sample consisting of 257 participants was divided into three groups of comparison. The measures used in the study included the Ryff Scales of Psychological Wellbeing (adapted by T. D. Shevelkova and T. P. Fesenko), Maddi’s Hardiness Survey (modified by E. N. Osin and E. I. Rasskazova), and a questionnaire. The data were processed with the help of Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test, and SPSS 20.0. \u0000The results have shown that the respondents with full-time training in CAS have higher indicators of psychological wellbeing and resilience. They are more aware of their value, integrity and meaningfulness of being, and have a more pronounced resource for coping with difficult, stressful situations. All these characteristics reflect the realm of experiences and states inherent in a healthy individual who is successful in his or her realization. \u0000The findings have revealed that even an incomplete course of studying in CAS creates the conditions for shaping personality wellbeing and resilience – features necessary for the person to combat stress and tension and function efficiently.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130103740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Video Gamer Persona: A Five Factor Study Exploring Personality Elements of The Video Gamer","authors":"Anthony M. Bean, Natasha Pooran","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.7","url":null,"abstract":"This research explored personality traits of video gamers utilizing the Big Five Inventory (BFI) totaling 19,416 video gamer participants across seven genres of video game play. The purpose was to uncover personality differences among the different preferred genres of video gamers. Different personality profiles were explored by employing t-tests and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Mapping of the BFI elements of video gamers across video game genres was conducted using latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify video gamer personality profiles, personality formations across preferred genres of play, examine the pattern of relationships among the variables, and to determine whether different personalities gravitate to specific genres of play. Results found four distinct and different personality profiles: Introversive, Extroversive, Secure Ambiversive, and Insecure Ambiversive; indicated no support for the different classification of video gamers possessing statistically different personality traits (i.e. causal, regular, hardcore); or different genres of video game play did have different personality types playing each genre. As such, evidence is provided for different personalities gravitating towards different genres of play and Carl Jung’s (1921) idea of the introversion/extroversion continuum. Limitations observed were some findings becoming statistically significant with small effect sizes and the BFI possibly not being nuanced enough to detect smaller personality traits. Strengths were the large participant base, generalizability of the study to the video gamer population, and this study providing a basis for personality playing a role in virtual worlds.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115687257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a Medical Family: Family Sculpting in Graduate Medical Education","authors":"D. Marlowe","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Family sculpting has been used as a clinical technique for decades within the psychotherapy community to uncover, process, and improve upon the implicit patterns of interaction and communication that permeate the lives of family members. However, even though this technique has been broadly applied to various couple and family populations within the clinical practice of family therapy, its application has essentially been non-existent outside of this venue. \u0000Method: The following article describes the utilization of family sculpting as a bonding technique for a group of family medicine and clinical pharmacy residents, faculty physicians, and upper administration during a yearly organizational retreat. \u0000Results: Not only was the technique well received by the healthcare team as a whole, as evidenced by a post retreat survey, there were also several noteworthy examples of the sculpting process highlighting and addressing relational tension within the residency cohort (i.e., second year medical resident) and within administration (i.e., chief executive officer) that ultimately lead to greater team cohesion afterwards. \u0000Discussion: While the application of the technique in a medical/educational context can be considered a unique contribution of the article, more so are the specific augmentations made to the technique itself that increases its value as an academic and organizational development tool.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127032246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Well-Dressed Snake Personality”: An Insight into Narcissistic/Psychopathic Personalities","authors":"L. Orsolini, A. Cicolini, V. Salvi, U. Volpe","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.5","url":null,"abstract":"How many kinds of malevolent characters are out there? In line with Paulhus and Williams (2002) the answer is three, namely the Dark Triad of Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy. Dark traits (DT) are associated with emotional deficits, exploitation, immoral strategic thinking, and risky behaviors. All three traits have been largely investigated mainly during the last decades. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview about the available literature regarding the characteristics of personality traits associated with the DT, by focusing on the main consequences of the DT from a psychopathological and psychiatric perspective. Studies found a strong association between DT traits and several types of negative psychosocial outcomes such as substance use, sexual promiscuity, aggression, and crime. Nevertheless, there is specific literature showing the advantages of scoring high DT traits, for example the assumption of positions of authority over other people, and the expression of low levels of social anxiety. Although the literature mainly focuses on the consequences that DT traits may have for society in general, there is a lack of studies investigating the personal repercussions, in the psychopathological and/or psychiatric dimensions in those individuals scoring high DT traits. Therefore, further research is needed to clarify how the different personality dark traits may interact with each other and modulate not only the individual’s life choices but also how and whether DT traits may predispose or not to the onset of a specific psychiatric disorder.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122185530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators in Communication by the Healthcare Professionals and Older Healthcare Users: The Role of Health Literacy","authors":"A. Efthymiou, Michael Rovithis, A. Kalaitzaki","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Older people are the basic users of health services. However, studies have shown that they have relatively low health literacy (HL) levels which results in many negative health outcomes. HL is a major challenge in public healthcare systems and an important determinant of optimised health outcomes and better quality of life for older people. On the other hand, professionals lack knowledge and skills to identify older people’s HL level and therefore, the delivery of care may be insufficient. \u0000The study aimed to report the perspectives on the barriers and facilitators in communication during the medical encounter by both the healthcare professionals and older healthcare users. \u0000Method: A qualitative study design was applied. One group with seven healthcare professionals and another one with five people over 60 years old discussed about HL knowledge and their experiences (attitudes and behaviors, barriers, and facilitators) of the healthcare professional -patient interaction. The focus groups took place virtually and were coordinated by the senior author. The discussions were analysed using the content analysis method. \u0000Results: Communication facilitators during the healthcare professional-patient interaction as reported by the healthcare professionals included: the need to trust and collaborate with the older people, patients’ specific characteristics (high level of education, psychological resilience and good judgmental), carers’ participation, the use of clear language and a person-centred approach. Communication barriers were considered the older people’s rigid beliefs about their lifestyle, the age-related cognitive, psychological, and sensory deficits, the function, and the structure of the healthcare system (e.g., professionals’ excessive workload). On the other hand, older people mentioned the importance of being prepared to ask questions during the medical encounter, being respected and included in the decision-making process. \u0000Conclusion: Easy-to-use Health Literacy training tools adapted to healthcare professionals’ everyday needs are considered necessary to improve the professionals-patients interaction, enhance their communication skills and promote the person-centred care within the framework of the Greek National Healthcare System. The integration of the tools as part of the training courses could prepare healthcare professionals with the enhanced the HL skills needed to improve the quality of care they provide and reduce the cost of care in general.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116637451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Recovery from Addiction and Underlying Psychological Issues using Expressive Writing as a Potent Tool","authors":"Eric A. Kreuter, Gregory R. Gilligan, Ann Knickerbocker, Jared F. Rodriguez","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2022.09.4","url":null,"abstract":"This article follows a recently published book, titled: Effective use of Creative Writing in the Treatment of Chemical Addiction (Kreuter, 2021 – Nova Science Publishers). In that book, the writing of over sixty men in recovery from addiction express their feelings, thoughts, inspirations, and creative works all geared towards their long-term recovery. This article features work of men and women in both short-term recovery (28-day and 90-day settings, as well as beyond the dates of completion of their respective rehabilitation programs. Through ongoing weekly creative writing workshops, the alumni of Kreuter’s work at St. Christopher’s and Kreuter and Gilligan’s work at Resource Recovery of Orange County, deeper writing demonstrates the effectiveness of the therapeutic device referred to as creative writing. As case studies herein demonstrate, use of creative exposition guided by topical prompts and the offering of therapeutic insight yielded significant benefits to those who suffer from traumatic incident(s) in their lives. Through the writing of stories and letters, writers who came to the drug and alcohol rehabilitation center for chemical abuse are impacted in a healthy way through the attenuation of, at least, part, of their deeply repressed angst over the trauma. In theory, they may have a much easier time completing their recovery program and continuing their active lives with less risk of relapse because of the work they did on the underlying psychological condition. The use of profanity in some of the writings is purposefully left uncensored out of respect for the authors and has been found that such use signifies sincerity on the point of the writer. Use of language is a frequent topic in rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120957182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mystery of the Crime in Skotoprigonyevsk. Plot Analysis of the Brothers Karamazov from the Perspective of Literature Studies, Psychology and Psychiatry","authors":"K. Osińska, N. Szejko","doi":"10.20944/preprints202111.0493.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202111.0493.v1","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, by focusing on the two main protagonists, Mitya Karamazov and Pavel Smerdyakov, we would like to analyze the murder of Fyodor Karamazov, which is the crucial event in the novel The Brothers Karamazov. We have conducted analysis of these two characters from the perspective of literature studies, psychology and psychiatry. Although we agree with Freud’s opinion (1) that it is not important who killed the father, but who wanted to kill him, we hope that our findings will allow us to formulate conclusions that will be helpful in new interpretations of this masterpiece.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132850823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Visually Impaired and how they Cope with Loneliness","authors":"A. Rokach, Alison L. Rose, David Berman","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2021.08.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2021.08.3","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness has been termed a social epidemic, especially when experienced by people with sight challenges. The present study compared how the sight challenged and the blind cope with loneliness, compared to the general population groups, amongst a total of 187 participants. The questionnaire which we used, included 34-items to which a yes/no response was requested, and assessed the various ways that people cope effectively with loneliness. The questionnaire included six subscales of coping strategies, namely, Reflection and acceptance, Self-development and understanding, Social support network, Distancing and denial, Religion faith, and increased activity. As expected, the two populations differed significantly in their subscale scores, with the visually challenged scoring higher than the general population, on Self-development and understanding and the Religion and faith subscales. Interpretation of these results and their implications are discussed in further detail. ","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124008761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear Effects of Performance-Avoidance on Self-Efficacy: A Cusp Catastrophe Model","authors":"D. Stamovlasis, G. Stavropoulou, Eleni Karastergiou","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2021.08.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2021.08.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: achievement goal theory provides an explanatory framework for students’ academic behavior. Reports on performance-avoidance goal orientation have not always been consistent and satisfactorily interpreted.\u0000Aims: This study aimed to explore the relation between students’ performance-avoidance goal orientation and self-efficacy by fostering the nonlinear perspective.\u0000Methods: In the empirical data cusp catastrophe analysis was applied.\u0000Results: The nonlinear model was superior to the linear alternatives and the performance -avoidance goal acted as the bifurcation variable.\u0000Conclusions: The behavior of peformce-avoidance is explained as bifurcation factor, signifying a nonlinear system and supporting the complex dynamical system theory (CDS). ","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128126272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Timely Update on Therapeutic Strategies","authors":"Quanguang Zhang, Yong Li, L. Tucker","doi":"10.12974/2313-1047.2020.07.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2313-1047.2020.07.10","url":null,"abstract":"Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that can develop after an individual experiences or witnesses a traumatic event. PTSD is startlingly common in veterans, victims of assault, those undergoing extreme medical care, and the clinicians that treat them. This growing mental health crisis has been dramatically exacerbated by the stressors and tragic events of the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we will discuss the different classes of treatment for PTSD and examine current lines of research in each. First, we explore how the field of psychotherapy approaches PTSD, with focus placed on exposure therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and more. We then describe current pharmacological strategies for PTSD treatment and several prominent therapeutic strategies currently undergoing clinical and pre-clinical trials. Next, we investigate novel approaches that integrate principles of psychotherapy with seemingly unconventional elements and discuss how these unique components may impact recovery. Finally, we explore how telemedicine has been implemented to expand access to care, which is particularly critical in a time of social distancing and economic disparity. We hope that by summarizing current clinical practice and outlining cutting-edge research, this review can elucidate the field and highlight gaps in knowledge that merit further investigation that may lead to more effective and accessible treatment for PTSD patients.","PeriodicalId":222355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology and Psychotherapy Research","volume":"58 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124339906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}