Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated With Increased Alcohol Consumption During Physical and Social Distancing Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a University in Brazil.","authors":"Cremildo João Baptista,&nbsp;Guilherme Oliveira de Arruda,&nbsp;Wilson Rayzel Barroso,&nbsp;Verusca Soares de Souza","doi":"10.1177/11782218211061140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218211061140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report alcohol consumption during the first month of social home-isolation and physical distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in an public University in Mid-West Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed an online observational study. Initial data of 2166 participants was obtained between April and May, 2020, less than a month after University's measures of social distancing with remote work and classes. We used Poisson regression model with robust variance to identify the significant factors associated with self-reported increase in alcohol consumption during social and physical distancing measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased alcohol consumption during social and physical distancing was reported by 22.9% of 1371 alcohol drinkers. Factors associated with reporting increased alcoholic consumption during University's physical and social distancing measures were: not professing any religion (1.52, 95% CI 1.25-1.83), having signs/symptom suggesting SARS-COV-2 infection (1.56, 95% CI 1.26-1.93), missing social interaction with peers carried out without any mediating technology (1.57, 95% CI 1.13-2.20), experiencing financial distress/hardship (1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.54), perceiving duration of social isolation as long (1.62, 95% CI 1.10-2.41), reporting worsening of emotional/mental wellbeing (1.76, 95% CI 1.34-2.33), and previous psychological disorders (1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.52).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights several individual, psychological, and social determinants of increase in consumption of alcoholic beverages during physical and social distancing measures due to the pandemic and the results may reflect the presence of emotional changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It urges that sanitary authorities adopt measures to avoid excessive alcohol consumption during social distancing measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"11782218211061140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/28/10.1177_11782218211061140.PMC9218898.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40400158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripartum and Postpartum Analgesia and Pain in Women Prescribed Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder Who Deliver by Cesarean Section.","authors":"Alane B O'Connor,&nbsp;Joel Smith,&nbsp;Liam M O'Brien,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Lamarche,&nbsp;Nadine Byers,&nbsp;Stephanie D Nichols","doi":"10.1177/11782218221107936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221107936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Little is known about whether pain can be effectively managed in pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) during delivery hospitalization, particularly those undergoing surgery and taking buprenorphine as medication for OUD (MOUD). To address this question, we compared pain scores and opioid analgesic utilization during delivery hospitalization in women taking their pre-hospital dose of buprenorphine who delivered by cesarean section to matched controls. To inform future research efforts, we also began to explore opioid analgesic utilization and pain scores by type of anesthesia as this variable is often not included in related literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective matched cohort study of 46 women prescribed buprenorphine during pregnancy who delivered by cesarean section during a 7-year period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When compared to matched controls, women taking their pre-hospital dose of buprenorphine undergoing cesarean section utilized more opioid analgesics as measured by morphine milligram equivalents (MME) (mean MME first 48 hours 153.0 mg vs 175.1 mg, respectively, <i>P</i> < .01) but had similar pain scores during delivery hospitalization. There was no difference in MME utilization by maternal dose of buprenorphine though sample sizes were small. Women on buprenorphine who received spinal anesthesia with morphine had mean pain scores that were 1.4 points lower (<i>P</i> = .01) during the first 48 hours than women on buprenorphine receiving other methods of anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Pregnant women taking their pre-hospital dose of buprenorphine throughout their surgical delivery hospitalization were able to achieve pain relief similar to women not on MOUD but had higher MME requirements. Our results add to the emerging body of evidence suggesting that individuals on MOUD can achieve adequate post-surgical pain management without adjusting their pre-hospital dose of buprenorphine. Further research is required to fully understand the optimal buprenorphine dosing regimen during surgical hospitalizations. Our results also provide important preliminary evidence that spinal anesthesia containing opioids can be used effectively in individuals with OUD requiring surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"11782218221107936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/f8/10.1177_11782218221107936.PMC9218889.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40400157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Cannabis Use across Adolescence and Early Adulthood With Health and Psychosocial Adjustment in Early Adulthood and Midadulthood in Men.","authors":"Deborah M Capaldi, Stacey S Tiberio, David Cr Kerr, Lee D Owen","doi":"10.1177/11782218221096154","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782218221096154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Associations between men's prior cannabis use and their physical and psychosocial adjustment were examined using prospective data across adolescence (ages 13-20 years), early adulthood (ages 20-30 years), and midadulthood (ages 30-38 years). The theoretical framework was based in developmental-contextual and lifespan approaches.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Models were tested using men in the Oregon Youth Study who had been studied since ages 9 to 10 years and who, in childhood, lived in neighborhoods with higher than average rates of delinquency. Cannabis use in adolescence was used to predict early adult outcomes (and early adult use to midadult outcomes). In addition, a set of covariates was added to the models, including childhood risk factors assessed at age 9 years (ie, family socioeconomic status; externalizing behaviors; and if available, the childhood proxy for the outcome [eg, age 9 intelligence scale]) and alcohol use in adolescence (or early adulthood). physical health outcomes included accidental injuries, problems resulting from a prior injury, body mass index, self-report health, and also pain and cardiovascular risk (blood pressure and pulse rate) in midadulthood. Psychosocial outcomes included income, housing insecurity, intelligence, depressive symptoms, psychosis symptoms, hostility/aggression, social problems, and attention problems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Whereas there was almost no prediction from prior cannabis use to the physical health outcomes, there were comprehensive associations of cannabis use from the prior developmental period and psychosocial outcomes in both early adulthood and midadulthood.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cannabis use in prior developmental periods was associated with a broad range of types of poor psychosocial adjustment in adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"16 1","pages":"11782218221096154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41380105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pattern of Substance Use and Characteristics of the Individuals Enrolled in Residential Treatment at Selected Rehabilitation Centers in Sri Lanka: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"A. Jayamaha, Nishadi D. Dharmarathna, N. Herath, N. Ranadeva, M. Fernando, K. Samarasinghe, P. N. Amarabandu, B. Senanayake, Thamara Darshana, Nilani Renuka, I. Rajapakse, C. Gunasekara, L. Meegoda, N. Fernando","doi":"10.1177/11782218221100823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221100823","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Substance use becomes censorious when it leads to harmful effects on individuals, their families, and the community. The nature of substance use in Sri Lankan context is poorly understood and empirical evidences are sparse. The study aimed to describe patterns of substance use and characteristics of the individuals enrolled in residential treatment at selected rehabilitation centers in Sri Lanka. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 205 individuals enrolled in selected rehabilitation centers. Pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Most of the individuals who enrolled in residential treatment at selected rehabilitation centers were unmarried (n = 124, 60.5%), Sinhala (n = 186, 90.7%), Buddhist (n = 166, 81.0%), males (n = 202, 98.5%) and belonged to the young adult age (18-35 years) category (n = 178, 86.8%). All the participants were poly-drug users and cannabis was the most commonly used (n = 183, 89.3%) illicit drug followed by heroin (n = 172, 83.9%), methamphetamine (n = 150, 73.2%) and cocaine (n = 78, 38%). The most (n = 152, 74.1%) problematic substance for life was heroin. Most of the participants (n = 149, 72.7%) had used drugs several times per day. The mean duration of substance use was 7 ± 5 years. Participants (n = 177, 86.3%) reported that the substances were available in their residential areas and their friends (n = 197, 96.1%) were also using the substances. Conclusions: Pattern of substance use and characteristics of the individuals were unique in Sri Lanka and need to be considered when implementing and strengthening the programs for drug prevention and rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44016630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID 19 and the Opioid Epidemic: An Analysis of Clinical Outcomes During COVID 19","authors":"Chiemeka Ezie, Ryan Badolato, Mary Rockas, Rayek Nafiz, B. Sands, A. Wolkin, Pantea Farahmand","doi":"10.1177/11782218221085590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221085590","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Here we aimed to characterize clinical outcomes in those receiving treatment at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) methadone maintenance treatment program (MMT) during the COVID 19 pandemic in which SAMSHA regulations for MMTs were changed to provide a greater number of methadone allotments and decreased clinic-visit frequency. Methods: We report results of a single-site, pre-post cohort study of urine drug screen data 3 months before and after an increase in allotments of take-home medication from the methadone clinic. One hundred twenty-nine patients met inclusion criteria for this study. The study was reviewed by the NYHHS IRB committee and granted final approval by the Research and Development Committee. Results: The sample was predominately male, average age 66years and average years in most recent treatment is 4.1 years. No statistical significance was found between period 1 and period 2 in the positive test detection for nonprescribed opiates, methadone and illicit substances (P > .05), number of new medical illnesses or overdoses. We controlled for participant age, substance use disorder diagnosis, psychiatric disorder diagnosis, and number of years in treatment. Discussion/Conclusions: The results of the study illustrate the relative safety of the changes made at this particular MMT during the pandemic. Additionally, there was continued adherence to methadone treatment with minimal change in illicit substance use during period 1 and period 2. Scientific Significance: To these authors’ knowledge this paper is one of the first to examine clinical outcomes in those with opioid addiction prescribed methadone from MMTs during the COVID 19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45942093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of the Feasibility of a Medical Management-Based Text Messaging Intervention Combined With Buprenorphine in Primary Care.","authors":"Babak Tofighi, Meghan Durr, Christina Marini, Crystal F Lewis, Joshua D Lee","doi":"10.1177/11782218221078253","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11782218221078253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobile health (mHealth) tools offer an effective and personalized approach to enhance chronic disease management and may partially offset provider-level barriers to increasing buprenorphine prescribing in primary care. This study assessed the feasibility of integrating a text messaging-based medical management tool (TeMeS) in primary care among patients initiating buprenorphine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TeMeS messages are categorized per the medical management model, programed in a HIPAA-compliant texting software (Apptoto©), and delivered in a tiered fashion over 8-weeks to patients. This mixed-methods evaluation of TeMeS utilized key stakeholder feedback (patients, physicians, administrators, nursing), text messaging software process measures, thematic analysis of patient participant text message content, and electronic administrative data (eg, appointment adherence, treatment retention) at 2-months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study team approached 65 patients and n = 14 (21%) were ineligible or declined to participate in the study. Most eligible participants owned a smartphone (90%), responded to at least one text query (88%) over an average of 24 days, and few requested to stop receiving texts (6%). Participant text replies included responses to cognitive behavioral therapy-based queries (13.8%), confirming or rescheduling appointments (6.1%), and insurance, pharmacy, or clinical issues pertaining to buprenorphine dispensation or dosing (2%). Suggestions for design modifications included personalizing message content and adjusting message frequency per patient risk of illicit opioid reuse, use of video-based informational content, and real-time provider and staff support for emergent issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the acceptability, feasibility, and high rates of engagement of utilizing text messaging to enhance self-management among patients initiating buprenorphine treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"11782218221078253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8958716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43045380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of a Hepatitis C Micro-Elimination Program in Two Addiction Centers Among Subjects With Substance Use Disorder.","authors":"Pablo Vega-Astudillo,&nbsp;Ignacio Basurte-Villamor,&nbsp;Inés De Ema López,&nbsp;Ruth Olmos Espinos,&nbsp;Beatriz Mesías-Pérez,&nbsp;Nestor Szerman","doi":"10.1177/11782218221075058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221075058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate a hepatitis C (HCV) micro-elimination program in 2 addiction centers among subjects with substance use disorders (SUD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The program was based on simplifying the diagnosis of HCV infections by avoiding referral to primary care for the diagnosis and performing the necessary tests at the point of care (ie, the addition center) and simplifying the patient pathway by directly referring patients to the specialized care for treatment. Descriptive and multivariate analyses are presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1497 subjects included in the program, 327 reported that they were anti-HCV-positive. Among the 1170 patients who were offered the HCV rapid antibody test, 180 (15.4%) did not perform the test. Performing the HCV rapid antibody test only contributed ten patients (3%) to the 337 who were anti-HCV-positive. A high proportion (147 out of 327 [45%]) of subjects who reported being anti-HCV-positive also reported that they had not been treated for HCV. Among the 67 subjects who were HCV-RNA-positive and were referred for treatment, 53 (79%) ultimately received and completed antiviral treatment. Unfortunately, we did not find any factors associated with not performing dry blood testing, and the factors associated with not performing the HCV rapid antibody test were difficult to interpret, and the model showed low goodness of fit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that a micro-elimination program focused on patients with SUD attending an addiction center is not effective for screening the presence of hepatitis C but is successful for linking patients with hepatitis C to antiviral treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"11782218221075058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b7/d4/10.1177_11782218221075058.PMC8829711.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39913449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a New York Medicaid Care Management Program on Substance Use Disorder Treatment Services and Medicaid Spending: Implications for Defining the Target Population.","authors":"Charles J Neighbors,&nbsp;Rajeev Yerneni,&nbsp;Yi Sun,&nbsp;Sugy Choi,&nbsp;Constance Burke,&nbsp;Megan A O'Grady,&nbsp;Rebecca McDonald,&nbsp;Jon Morgenstern","doi":"10.1177/11782218221075041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221075041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We examined the effects of a statewide New York (NY) care management (CM) program for substance use disorder (SUD), Managed Addiction Treatment Services (MATS), on SUD treatment services' utilization and spending among patients with a recent history of high Medicaid spending and among those for whom a predictive algorithm indicates a higher probability of outlier spending in the following year.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied difference-in-difference analyses with propensity score matching using NY Medicaid claims data and a state registry of SUD-treatment episodes from 2006 to 2009. A total of 1263 CM enrollees with high SUD treatment spending (>$10K) in the prior year and a matched comparison group were included in the analysis. Crisis care utilization for SUD (detoxification and hospitalizations), outpatient SUD treatment, and Medicaid spending were examined over 12 months among both groups. CM effects among predicted high-future-spending patients (HFS) were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CM increased outpatient SUD treatment visits by approximately 10.5 days (95% CI = 0.9, 20.0). CM crisis care and spending outcomes were not statistically different from comparison since both conditions had comparable pre-post declines. Conversely, CM significantly reduced SUD treatment spending by approximately $955 (95% CI = -1518, -391) and reduced days of detox utilization by about 1.0 days (95% CI = -1.9, -0.1) among HFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that CM can reduce SUD treatment spending and utilization when targeted at patients with a greater likelihood of high future spending, indicating the potential value of predictive models to select CM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"11782218221075041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d9/9a/10.1177_11782218221075041.PMC8808013.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39893736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Substance Use Male Population in East African Countries: A Multilevel Analysis of Recent Demographic and Health Surveys From 2015 to 2019","authors":"Kenaw Derebe Fentaw, Setegn Muche Fenta, Hailegebrael Birhan Biresaw","doi":"10.1177/11782218221101011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221101011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: East Africa is still home to one of the world’s highest rates of substance user. Substance use is primarily associated with male behavior and is becoming one of the region’s most public health issues. Methods: The study included data from 11 East African countries’ Demographic and Health Surveys. About 55 307 men were enrolled in the study and multilevel logistic regression model was applied Result: East African countries had a 43.70% prevalence of substance abuse coverage. Education level, age, current working status, marital status, wealth index, media exposure, residence, and nation were all found to be statistically associated with substance use of males. Conclusion: In East African countries, the prevalence of substance abuse among men was high. As a result, substance control programs should focus on the poor, not (least) educated, rural people, and adult age groups, who are the region’s most vulnerable social groups.","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47359075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor Sleep Quality and Other Risk Factors for Unemployment Among Patients on Opioid Agonist Treatment","authors":"Margo Huffman, M. Cloeren, Orrin D. Ware, J. Frey, A. Greenblatt, Amanda Mosby, M. Oliver, R. Imboden, Alicia T. Bazell, Jean M. Clement, M. Diaz-Abad","doi":"10.1177/11782218221098418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221098418","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) face high rates of unemployment, putting them at higher risk of treatment nonadherence and poor outcomes, including overdose death. The objective of this study was to investigate sleep quality and its association with other biopsychosocial risk factors for unemployment in patients receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for OUD. Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey design, participants from 3 OAT programs for OUD completed questionnaires to measure sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]); pain disability; catastrophic thinking; injustice experience; quality of life; and self-assessed disability. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to test for associations between sleep quality and other study variables. Results: Thirty-eight participants completed the study, with mean age 45.6 ± 10.9 years, 27 (71.1%) males, and 16 (42.1%) reporting a high school diploma/equivalent certification as the highest level of academic attainment. Poor sleep quality (defined as PSQI > 5) was identified in 29 participants (76.3%) and was positively correlated with pain disability (r = 0.657, P < .01), self-assessed disability (r = 0.640, P < .001), symptom catastrophizing (r = 0.499, P < .001), and injustice experience (r = 0.642, P < .001), and negatively correlated with quality of life (r = −0.623, P < .001). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with OUD on OAT and this was associated with multiple known risk factors for unemployment. These findings warrant the consideration of regular screening for sleep problems and the inclusion of sleep-related interventions to improve sleep quality, decrease the unemployment rate, and enhance the recovery process for individuals with OUD undergoing OAT.","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44604480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}