Synapse最新文献_第10页

Rahmenbedingungen für eine optimale Medizin sicherstellen – auch in Zukunft 确保能提供最优治疗的环境

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.4414/SYN.2021.01398

C. Quinto

引用次数: 0

TARDOC noch nicht genehmigt – Chance verpasst! TARDOC尚未批准–错失良机！

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.4414/SYN.2021.01401

Urs Stoffel

引用次数: 0

Kostendämpfungspolitik: Die Schweizer Gesundheitsversorgung im Fokus von Regulierung und Kostendruck 降低成本政策：瑞士医疗保健成为监管和成本压力的焦点

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-08-12 DOI: 10.4414/SYN.2021.01399

Yvonne Gilli

引用次数: 0

Correlation of serum cystatin C with inflammatory cytokines in patients with traumatic brain injury. 外伤性脑损伤患者血清胱抑素C与炎性细胞因子的相关性。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22201

Jingrong Zou, Haitao Sun, Yang Xiang

{"title":"Correlation of serum cystatin C with inflammatory cytokines in patients with traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Jingrong Zou, Haitao Sun, Yang Xiang","doi":"10.1002/syn.22201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.22201","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a world-wide leading health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates. Emerging studies have demonstrated that TBI is the consequence of a series of inflammatory responses in the body. The alteration of Cystatin C (Cys C) was reported in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and was also recommended as a biomarker for predicting renal diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum Cys C and TBI, and to evaluate the prognostic role of Cys C in TBI prediction. One hundred and seventy-six patients with TBI were recruited and 102 patients were finally analyzed, with 30 healthy control subjects. The concentrations of Cys C were significantly reduced in the healthy control group compared to the TBI group, and correlated with high GCS scores. The levels of hsCRP, counts of white blood cells, and levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were remarkably elevated in the TBI patients compared with the control group in a severity-dependent manner. Moreover, the concentration of Cys C was negatively correlated with TBI severity and positively correlated with inflammatory factors. In conclusion, serum Cys is an inflammatory cytokine-related factor and might indicate the severity of TBI thus serving as a prognostic biomarker.","PeriodicalId":22131,"journal":{"name":"Synapse","volume":"75 8","pages":"e22201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/syn.22201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25557211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Issue Information 问题信息

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22169

引用次数: 0

Prelimbic prefrontal cortical encoding of reward predictive cues. 奖赏预测线索的前边缘前额皮质编码。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22202

Mitchell G Spring, Karan R Soni, Daniel S Wheeler, Robert A Wheeler

{"title":"Prelimbic prefrontal cortical encoding of reward predictive cues.","authors":"Mitchell G Spring, Karan R Soni, Daniel S Wheeler, Robert A Wheeler","doi":"10.1002/syn.22202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.22202","url":null,"abstract":"Animals appoint incentive value and learn to approach otherwise behaviorally inert stimuli if these stimuli come to predict the delivery of reward. Interestingly, this adaptive Pavlovian learning process has been implicated in behavioral control disorders, such as drug addiction. One brain region implicated in directing conditioned approach behavior is the prelimbic region of the prefrontal cortex. The present study employed in vivo electrophysiology in the prelimbic cortex to characterize the distribution of neural responses to the presence of a cue that had acquired incentive value after being associated with a primary reward. Male rats were trained in a Pavlovian autoshaping task in which a lever was presented prior to reward delivery. Following repeated pairings of lever availability and reward delivery, rats pressed the lever even though reward delivery was not contingent on any interaction with the lever. Neurons in the prelimbic cortex selectively encoded the presentation of the reward-predicting lever. Although the response was heterogeneous, most responsive neurons decreased their firing rate in response to the presence of the lever. These findings characterize the varied responses of prelimbic cortical neurons to reward cues and are consistent with evidence that the role of the prelimbic cortex in reward learning depends on the downstream target.","PeriodicalId":22131,"journal":{"name":"Synapse","volume":"75 8","pages":"e22202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/syn.22202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38904380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Rebalancing the extra-judicial scales: Documentary aesthetics and the legacy of the Central Park Five 司法外尺度的再平衡:纪录片美学与中央公园五人组的遗产

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.12681/syn.27562

Sofia Baliño Rios

引用次数: 0

Retraction Statement: Morphological and functional diversity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. 撤回声明：固有光敏性视网膜神经节细胞的形态和功能多样性

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-07-12 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22216

引用次数: 0

Frequency-dependent layer-specific differences in short-term synaptic plasticity in the dorsal and ventral CA1 hippocampal field. 海马背侧和腹侧CA1区短期突触可塑性的频率依赖层特异性差异。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22199

Andriana Koutsoumpa, Costas Papatheodoropoulos

{"title":"Frequency-dependent layer-specific differences in short-term synaptic plasticity in the dorsal and ventral CA1 hippocampal field.","authors":"Andriana Koutsoumpa, Costas Papatheodoropoulos","doi":"10.1002/syn.22199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.22199","url":null,"abstract":"Information from the entorhinal cortex arrives to the hippocampal CA1 microcircuit directly through the temporoammonic path (TA) that terminates in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare (SLM), and indirectly through Schaffer collateral pathway (SC) that terminates in the stratum radiatum (SR). By virtue of this input convergence, CA1 circuitry may act to compare and integrate incoming cortical information. Although a remarkable dorsal-ventral difference in short-term plasticity (STP) has been recently described at SC-CA1 synapses, the corresponding properties at TA-CA1 synapses have not been examined. Here, we report that stimulation of TA in the dorsal hippocampus produces significant facilitation of all conditioned responses evoked by 1-30 Hz, peaking at 20-30 Hz, and significant depression of steady-state responses to 50-100 Hz. Dorsal SC-CA1 synapses display a similar pattern of responses, yet, facilitation peaked at 10 Hz and depression (at 75-100 Hz) is weaker. Strikingly, stimulation of TA in the ventral hippocampus produces facilitation of steady-state responses to 1-30 Hz and highly contrasts with the depression of SC-CA1 synapses. Steady-state responses to 40-100 Hz in the ventral hippocampus depress in both layers similarly. High-frequency TA input (40-100 Hz) to the dorsal hippocampus depresses more in proximal than in distal SLM, while low-frequency (1-3 Hz) TA input to the ventral hippocampus facilitates more in distal than in proximal SLM. The present evidence suggests that direct and indirect entorhinal cortical inputs across the septotemporal extent of hippocampal CA1 field display frequency selectivity both in the radial and transverse axes, and that a rapid information processing may take place through direct ventral hippocampal CA1-EC circuit interactions independently of trisynaptic circuit.","PeriodicalId":22131,"journal":{"name":"Synapse","volume":"75 7","pages":"e22199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/syn.22199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25450492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Suppression of food restriction-evoked hyperactivity in activity-based anorexia animal model through glutamate transporters GLT-1 at excitatory synapses in the hippocampus. 通过海马兴奋性突触谷氨酸转运体GLT-1抑制活动性厌食症动物模型中食物限制诱发的多动症。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Synapse Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-16 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22197

Olesia M Bilash, Hannah S Actor-Engel, Ang D Sherpa, Yi-Wen Chen, Chiye Aoki

{"title":"Suppression of food restriction-evoked hyperactivity in activity-based anorexia animal model through glutamate transporters GLT-1 at excitatory synapses in the hippocampus.","authors":"Olesia M Bilash, Hannah S Actor-Engel, Ang D Sherpa, Yi-Wen Chen, Chiye Aoki","doi":"10.1002/syn.22197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.22197","url":null,"abstract":"Severe voluntary food restriction is the defining symptom of anorexia nervosa (AN), but anxiety and excessive exercise are maladaptive symptoms that contribute significantly to the severity of AN and which individuals with AN have difficulty suppressing. We hypothesized that the excitability of hippocampal pyramidal neurons, known to contribute to anxiety, leads to the maladaptive behavior of excessive exercise. Conversely, since glutamate transporter GLT-1 dampens the excitability of hippocampal pyramidal neurons through the uptake of ambient glutamate and suppression of the GluN2B-subunit containing NMDA receptors (GluN2B-NMDARs), GLT-1 may contribute toward dampening excessive exercise. This hypothesis was tested using the mouse model of AN, called activity-based anorexia (ABA), whereby food restriction evokes the maladaptive behavior of excessive wheel running (food restriction-evoked running, FRER). We tested whether individual differences in ABA vulnerability of mice, quantified based on FRER, correlated with individual differences in the levels of GLT-1 at excitatory synapses of the hippocampus. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry (EM-ICC) was used to quantify GLT-1 levels at the excitatory synapses of the hippocampus. The FRER seen in individual mice varied more than 10-fold, and Pearson correlation analyses revealed a strong negative correlation (p = .02) between FRER and GLT-1 levels at the axon terminals of excitatory synapses and at the surrounding astrocytic plasma membranes. Moreover, synaptic levels of GluN2B-NMDARs correlated strongly with GLT-1 levels at perisynaptic astrocytic plasma membranes. There is at present no accepted pharmacotherapy for AN, and little is known about the etiology of this deadly illness. Current findings suggest that drugs increasing GLT-1 expression may reduce AN severity through the reduction of GluN2B-NMDAR activity.","PeriodicalId":22131,"journal":{"name":"Synapse","volume":"75 7","pages":"e22197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/syn.22197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25394506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5