Plant Biology最新文献_第5页

To produce many small or a few large seeds: size-dependent germination strategies of herbs in a species-rich natural alpine grassland. 产生许多小种子或几个大种子：物种丰富的天然高寒草地中草本植物的大小依赖发芽策略。

IF 4.2 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70081

X-Q Li, H-Y Zhu, A C Ochola, L Qiong, Z-M Ye, C-F Yang

{"title":"To produce many small or a few large seeds: size-dependent germination strategies of herbs in a species-rich natural alpine grassland.","authors":"X-Q Li, H-Y Zhu, A C Ochola, L Qiong, Z-M Ye, C-F Yang","doi":"10.1111/plb.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70081","url":null,"abstract":"Seeds are the product of plant sexual reproduction and experience strong selection regarding resource investment. Seed germination strategy in response to environmental cues usually depends on seed mass and is believed to be strongly selected for successful seedling establishment. Selection for germination strategy and resource allocation pattern may be functionally interlinked; however, little is known about whether and how such interaction contributes to the diversity of plant communities. This study investigated resource allocation pattern and germination strategy of 75 flowering herbs from a species-rich alpine grassland. We measured seed mass and seed number per fruit and germinated seeds under temperature and light fluctuations simulating the natural growing season. Final germination proportion (FGP) and germination synchrony (uncertainty index, UNC) were calculated. The relationship between seed size and number and the influences on FGP and UNC across germination conditions were analysed using phylogenetic approaches. The results revealed a strong trade-off between seed mass and seed number per fruit across the investigated species. FGP for smaller seeds was more sensitive to environmental cues than for larger seeds. The response of germination UNC to environmental cues was independent of seed mass. In this alpine grassland, species producing many small seeds showed greater germination sensitivity to environmental cues, while those producing few large seeds required more stable conditions for germination. The differences in seed germination strategies among species with varied seed masses may enhance population regeneration of diverse species in unpredictable conditions.","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hardseededness in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is related to maternal environment during seed development. 黑豆的硬粒性与种子发育过程中母体环境有关。

IF 4.2 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70075

A Lamichaney, K K Hazra, K Tewari, A K Parihar, D S Gupta, P K Katiyar, G P Dixit

{"title":"Hardseededness in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is related to maternal environment during seed development.","authors":"A Lamichaney, K K Hazra, K Tewari, A K Parihar, D S Gupta, P K Katiyar, G P Dixit","doi":"10.1111/plb.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70075","url":null,"abstract":"Hardseededness, characterized by a water-impermeable seed coat, is a common trait in blackgram that influences seed quality, cooking time, and tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting. Understanding environmental and genotype regulation of this trait could help identify the optimal season for enhancing seed quality and abiotic stress tolerance; however, this remains poorly understood. A panel of 127 blackgram genotypes was evaluated during the summer and rainy seasons over two consecutive years. Crop phenology, stage-specific weather variables, and seed physical traits were recorded and analysed to examine their relationships with hardseededness. Multivariate analyses were used to explore the association of phenological and climate factors with hardseededness and to identify stable genotypes with consistently high or low hard seeds. Seeds harvested during the rainy season had more hard seeds (40%-48%) compared to those from the summer season (3%-7%), irrespective of genotype. Combined ANOVA revealed that crop season was the major contributor to variability in hardseededness (72.7%), while genotype contributed 7.7%. Rainfall during the vegetative period, relative humidity during reproductive period, and longer maturity duration were positively associated with hardseededness, whereas higher maximum temperatures during the reproductive period negatively influenced this trait. Furthermore, there were seasonal variations in seed phenolic profiles, with p-hydroxybenzoic acid, catechin hydrate, and syringic acid showing positive associations with hardseededness. Genotypes PKJU1, CN35-15, WBU108 had the highest hardseededness during the rainy season, while IPU30, IPU99-23, PLU 44 had the lowest. The results highlight significant genotypic and seasonal influences on hardseededness in blackgram, offering valuable insights for improving seed quality. Genotypes identified to have either high or low levels of hard seeds can be utilized to improve pre-harvest sprouting tolerance or optimize germination, respectively.","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drought-induced aesthetic decline and ecological impacts on ornamentals: mechanisms of damage and innovative strategies for mitigation. 干旱引起的审美下降和对观赏植物的生态影响：损害机制和创新的缓解策略。

IF 4.2 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70074

S Chachar, N Ahmed, X Hu

{"title":"Drought-induced aesthetic decline and ecological impacts on ornamentals: mechanisms of damage and innovative strategies for mitigation.","authors":"S Chachar, N Ahmed, X Hu","doi":"10.1111/plb.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70074","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress poses a critical challenge to ornamental horticulture, significantly affecting the aesthetic, economic, and ecological value of these plants in landscapes and urban environments. As climate change exacerbates water scarcity, ornamental plants, prized for their vibrant foliage, abundant flowering, and overall vitality, are increasingly vulnerable to water deficits. Unlike many crop plants, which adapt to drought through structural and physiological modifications, such as reduced leaf size or altered metabolic processes, these adaptive changes often compromise the aesthetic appeal that defines ornamentals' value. Drought-induced effects, including reduced flowering, distorted foliage, and reduced fragrance, undermine both their marketability and ecological functions. This review delves into the intricate biochemical, molecular, and physiological mechanisms underlying the drought responses in ornamental plants, emphasizing hormone regulation, antioxidant defence, and gene expression changes. It highlights the unique dual challenge of ensuring drought tolerance while preserving aesthetic traits, which sets ornamentals apart from other plant types. Furthermore, it explores innovative management strategies, such as genetic engineering (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9), transcription factor manipulation, and exogenous applications of hormones and biostimulants to enhance resilience. The emerging approaches, including epigenetic priming, nanotechnology, and smart irrigation systems, are presented as sustainable solutions to mitigate drought-induced damage. Despite recent advances, significant gaps remain in understanding the trade-offs between stress resilience and ornamental traits, such as flowering patterns, pigment composition, and leaf morphology. This review underscores the urgent need for integrated molecular, physiological, and horticultural strategies to balance these demands, offering a roadmap to sustain the aesthetic and ecological contributions of ornamentals in an era of increasing climate variability.","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overabundant populations of large wild herbivores disrupt plant–pollinator networks in a Mediterranean ecosystem 在地中海生态系统中，过多的大型野生食草动物种群破坏了植物-传粉者网络。

IF 3.6 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70053

C. Hernández-Castellano, D. N. Valladares, J. A. Calleja, E. Serrano, Incremento CONSORTIUM, R. Perea

引用次数: 0

Roots of Indian heliotrope (Heliotropium indicum) produce simple pyrrolizidine alkaloids using the same homospermidine oxidase involved in biosynthesis of complex pyrrolizidine alkaloids in aerial parts. 印度向日葵（Heliotropium indicum）的根利用同型亚精胺氧化酶产生简单的吡咯利西啶生物碱，该酶参与了在地上部分复杂的吡咯利西啶生物碱的生物合成。

IF 4.2 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70077

M M Zakaria, M-B Salewski, D Ober

{"title":"Roots of Indian heliotrope (Heliotropium indicum) produce simple pyrrolizidine alkaloids using the same homospermidine oxidase involved in biosynthesis of complex pyrrolizidine alkaloids in aerial parts.","authors":"M M Zakaria, M-B Salewski, D Ober","doi":"10.1111/plb.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70077","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are toxic specialized metabolites found in several plant lineages with independent evolutionary origins. In comfrey (Symphytum officinale), two independent homospermidine oxidase (HSO) paralogs are responsible for oxidation of homospermidine (Hspd) to the bicyclic pyrrolizidine in roots and young leaves. As PA biosynthesis in S. officinale and Heliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope) share a common ancestor, we tested whether H. indicum is also able to synthesize PAs, not only in aerial parts but also in roots. H. indicum constitutively synthesizes not only complex PAs, in aerial parts but also simple PAs in roots. Of five copper-containing amine oxidases (CuAOs) identified in H. indicum, three have the ability to convert Hspd to the bicyclic pyrrolizidine in vitro. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing confirmed that, in planta, only one of these CuAOs is involved in PA biosynthesis in roots, which is identical to the HSO involved in PA biosynthesis in leaves. PA biosynthesis in roots is less efficient than in aerial parts, an observation that allowed the analysis of various pathway intermediates using tracer feeding experiments. The CuAO phylogeny, together with comparative gene structure analyses, suggest a common evolutionary origin of PA-producing CuAOs. However, independent scenarios of PA metabolism were observed in Indian heliotrope and comfrey, adding a further aspect of diversity in the regulation of PA biosynthesis.","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Light intensity and sulfur deficiency modulate growth and water dynamics in broccoli plants via aquaporin regulation 光强和缺硫通过水通道蛋白调控花椰菜的生长和水分动态。

IF 3.6 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70072

A. Almagro-Lopez, O. Puma, V. Cirillo, A. Maggio, J. Nicolas-Espinosa, M. Carvajal

引用次数: 0

Alkaloids and antioxidant mechanisms in galls: insights from Peumus boldus–Dasineura sp. interactions 生物碱和抗氧化机制在胆囊：从Peumus boldus-Dasineura sp.相互作用的见解。

IF 3.6 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70073

L. M. Guedes, C. I. Pérez, S. Torres, M. Rivas, E. Gavilán, N. Aguilera

引用次数: 0

Sustained carbohydrate formation and growth concur with drought-limited photosynthesis in an alpine plant species. 在一个高山植物物种中，持续的碳水化合物形成和生长与干旱限制的光合作用一致。

IF 4.2 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70076

C Reyes-Bahamonde, F I Piper, L A Cavieres

{"title":"Sustained carbohydrate formation and growth concur with drought-limited photosynthesis in an alpine plant species.","authors":"C Reyes-Bahamonde, F I Piper, L A Cavieres","doi":"10.1111/plb.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70076","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to understand the drivers of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) formation in the alpine plant Phacelia secunda in habitats with drought and low temperatures. It was hypothesized that NSCs may accumulate passively due to growth limitations, or actively through storage prioritization. Additionally, it was explored how local adaptation affects growth and photosynthesis sensitivity to environmental constraints, influencing NSC formation. The study investigated NSC formation in plants at three elevations (1600 m to 3600 m a.s.l.) under three watering regimes (control, mild drought, severe drought), and two temperature regimes (5/2°C and 15/7°C) for 1 month. Growth, photosynthesis, NSC concentrations, and survival were measured. In low-elevation plants exposed to 5/2°C, growth decreased more than photosynthesis, and NSC increased, suggesting passive NSC accumulation. In low- and mid-elevation plants exposed to 15/7°C under mild or severe drought, and in mid-elevation plants exposed to 5/2°C with mild drought, NSC concentrations increased despite photosynthesis being reduced more than growth, suggesting active NSC formation. Local adaptation influences growth and photosynthetic sensitivity to environmental stress, affecting NSC regulation. In plants from lower elevations, locally adapted to drier conditions, NSC increased when growth was less reduced than photosynthesis, indicating that NSC formation was not passive. This study demonstrates that in drought-adapted plants, growth and NSC formation can occur simultaneously, even with limited carbon gain.","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isotope evidence for partial mycoheterotrophy and trophic flexibility in the arbuscular mycorrhizal green plant Gentiana zollingeri 丛枝菌根绿色植物龙胆部分异养和营养柔韧性的同位素证据。

IF 3.6 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70071

K. Suetsugu

引用次数: 0

Ecology and evolution of plant chemodiversity 植物化学多样性的生态学和进化

IF 4.2 3区生物学

Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1111/plb.70046

C. Müller, B. Fuchs, J.-P. Schnitzler, S. B. Unsicker, S. R. Whitehead

引用次数: 0