Substance Use & Misuse最新文献

{"title":"\"New Normal:\" Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Syringe Service Programs Following the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Elizabeth J Austin, Elsa S Briggs, Maria A Corcorran, Jessica Chen, Nicky Cotta, Czarina N Behrends, Stephanie M Prohaska, Paul A LaKosky, Shashi N Kapadia, David C Perlman, Bruce R Schackman, Don C Des Jarlais, Emily C Williams, Sara N Glick","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2447411","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2447411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syringe services programs (SSPs) provide critical evidence-based public health services that decrease harms from drug use for people who use drugs (PWUD). Many SSPs have experienced significant and evolving COVID-19-related disruptions. We aimed to characterize the impacts of COVID-19 on SSP operations in the United States approximately two years into the pandemic.</p><p><p>Participating sites, selected from a national sample of SSPs, completed a semi-structured interview <i>via</i> teleconference and brief electronic survey evaluating the impacts of COVID-19 on program operations. Data collection explored program financing, service delivery approaches, and perspectives on staff morale two years into the pandemic. Interview data were analyzed qualitatively using Rapid Assessment Process. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and triangulated with qualitative findings.</p><p><p>Twenty-five SSPs completed the interview and survey between April - June 2022. Triangulation of qualitative and quantitative data characterized the dynamic ways that demand for SSP services has evolved throughout the pandemic, and how approaches to care delivery have increased in flexibility and participant-centeredness. However, SSPs expressed worry about longer-term barriers to program participant and staff engagement, and a mismatch between available programmatic resources and the \"new normal\" of service delivery needs.</p><p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has had lasting impacts on multiple facets of syringe service delivery. While SSPs consistently meet barriers with ingenuity, greater programmatic and staff support is needed to ensure SSPs can continue to meet the changing public health needs for PWUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"669-676"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the COVID-19 Risk Environment, Overdose Prevention, and Self Care Practices of People Who Use Illicit Opioids in New York City.","authors":"Alex S Bennett, Doug R McCollum, Luther Elliott","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2434681","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2434681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The concurrent opioid overdose crisis and COVID-19 pandemic created a perfect storm of risk for drug overdose mortality and other negative health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is based on semi-structured interviews with 29 adults in New York City who were using illicit opioids (heroin, fentanyl, and prescription opioids without prescription) between April and September 2020 to gain their perspectives on navigating COVID as the pandemic was unfolding. Interviews explored both challenges posed by the pandemic and participants' navigation of these challenges to prevent overdose, procure drugs, manage drug use, and maintain their health and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants tried to adhere to best public health policies and practices and adapted as needed to protect their own and others' health. They procured larger amounts of drugs to reduce travel, arranged drop-offs, and adhered to social distancing mandates during transactions. Homeless participants formed supportive and protective \"bubbles\" with network members to ensure safety and maximize resources. Participants addressed service access challenges by stockpiling MOUD, injection equipment and naloxone and reported using drugs when protected by naloxone and someone to administer when possible.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the many challenges posed by COVID to people who use drugs in NYC, this research documents the ways people who use drugs drew on experiences of navigating stigma, structural violence, and social exclusion on a daily basis to enhance self-care and harm reduction practices. Powerful narratives of adaptation and resilience speak to the need to include people who use drugs in future public health and disaster planning initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"504-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Perceived Stress, Social Support, and Self-Esteem with E-Cigarette Use Among U.S. College-Aged Young Adults.","authors":"Nikhil A Ahuja, Tarek B Eshak, Kaylee Angus, Joseph F Robare, Mahima Gulabani","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2440367","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2440367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given that college life is a major life-changing and stressful event for many young adults, they may use e-cigarettes to manage their stress, which in the long run could be detrimental to their health. Furthermore, perceived social support and self-esteem are important factors that might influence young adults' e-cigarette use behavior. This cross-sectional study examines the associations of perceived stress, social support, and self-esteem with e-cigarette use among U.S. college-aged young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Students (aged 18-24 years, <i>n</i> = 220) attending Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania between February-May 2023 were recruited to complete an online survey. The outcome variables were current (past 30 days) and ever e-cigarette users, while the explanatory variables were perceived stress, perceived social support, self-esteem, and socio-demographics. Data was analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 30.1% and 55.0% of participants were current users and ever users of e-cigarettes, respectively. Participants who perceived high stress (vs. low stress) were 12.4 (Adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) = 12.39, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and 7.4 (aOR = 7.37, <i>p</i> = 0.04) times more likely to be current users and ever users of e-cigarettes, respectively. For every one-unit increase in self-esteem score, the likelihood of participants being current e-cigarette users decreased by 7% (OR = 0.93, <i>p</i> = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perceived stress and self-esteem are significantly associated with e-cigarette use among college-aged young adults. Public health efforts should focus on stress reduction, healthy coping strategies, and improving self-esteem in order to prevent e-cigarette use among this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"550-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Drinking Attitudes and Trait Impulsivity in Prenatal Alcohol Craving and Consumption in Mothers of Reproductive Age.","authors":"Yusuke Hayashi, Nicole M Fisher, Donald A Hantula, Yukiko Washio","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2445854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2445854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recognizing the severe consequences of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), the present study explored the role of drinking attitudes, trait impulsivity, and decision-making toward instant gratification in alcohol craving and consumption during pregnancy among mothers of reproductive age.</p><p><p>Utilizing participants from Amazon Mechanical Turk (<i>N</i> = 141), we first categorized mothers into three groups: those who neither craved nor consumed alcohol during their last pregnancy, those who craved but did not consume, and those who craved and consumed alcohol. Using binomial logistic regression, we then examined what factors, if any, could differentiate between (a) mothers who craved alcohol during pregnancy and those who did not and (b) mothers who resisted alcohol cravings and those who yielded to them.</p><p><p>The findings indicated that drinking attitudes significantly predicted alcohol craving during pregnancy. However, trait impulsivity emerged as a significant predictor of alcohol consumption among those who experienced cravings.</p><p><p>The present study contributes to a better understanding of psychological mechanisms underlying alcohol craving and consumption during pregnancy, which in turn may contribute to the development of targeted interventions for this problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"611-618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain Interference and Intensity in Relation to Abstinence Outcomes Following a One-Session Personalized Feedback Smoking Cessation Digital-Intervention.","authors":"Jafar Bakhshaie, Joseph W Ditre, Bryce K Clausen, Brooke Y Redmond, Thuan Ly, Michael J Zvolensky","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2447428","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2447428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Pain is a highly common and costly health problem that is strongly linked to cigarette smoking. Pain interference, the degree to which pain impedes physical, occupational, recreational, and social functioning, may have an important role in terms of smoking cessation. However, no study has examined the role of pain interference as a predictor of relapse following a quit attempt in a smoking cessation trial. <b>Objectives:</b> The current study examined the role of pain interference, above the effects of pain intensity, on relapse following a quit attempt. Participants were 121 treatment-seeking adult cigarette smokers (29% female; Mage = 29.32, SD = 7.52) who attended a randomized-controlled trial (RCT) testing the effect of a digital single-session personalized feedback intervention (PFI) for distress tolerance and cigarette smoking behavior. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to examine pain intensity and pain interference scores as predictors of 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at 2 weeks and 4 weeks following the 1-session intervention. Models controlled for sex, baseline cigarette dependence, treatment condition, and baseline distress tolerance. <b>Results:</b> Pain interference was associated with higher odds of reporting relapse at 4-week post intervention (OR: 1.54, 95% CI [1.06, 2.25]).), while pain intensity only showed a non-significant association with higher odds of reporting relapse at 2-week (OR: 1.40, 95% CI [0.67, 2.94]). Conclusions: This prospective study highlights the effect of pain interference on later-stage relapse outcomes following participation in a cigarette smoking cessation program.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"742-748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of cannabis for mental health in the Canadian territories: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Naomi Schwartz, Theresa Poon, David Hammond, Erin Hobin","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2409711","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2409711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population prevalence and patterns of cannabis use for mental health (CUMH) are underexplored. This is important to understand in the Canadian territories which has the highest prevalence of cannabis use in Canada. This study aimed to examine socio-demographic factors associated with CUMH in the territories and associations between CUMH and cannabis use outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a cross-sectional analysis of survey data from the 2022 Cannabis Policy Study in the Territories, including 2431 respondents aged 16+. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine socio-demographic characteristics associated with CUMH. Among past 12-month cannabis consumers, multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine whether CUMH was associated with daily/near-daily use, cannabis product type, healthcare interactions, and self-reported impacts on mental health, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 29.6% of all participants, and 55.5% of past 12-month cannabis consumers reported ever using cannabis for mental health. Use for mental health was higher among those with lower education, lower perceived income adequacy, and younger ages. Those reporting CUMH were more likely to report daily/near-daily use (OR_adj = 3.00, 95%CI: 2.01-4.49), potent product types like solid concentrates (OR_adj = 2.76, 1.62-4.70), and perceived positive impacts on mental health (OR_adj = 3.71, 2.49-5.52).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the high prevalence of CUMH, more research is needed to examine its long-term impacts and effectiveness. Future research is also needed to understand the social context underlying socioeconomic inequalities in CUMH, including access to mental healthcare and harm reduction measures for mitigating adverse mental health impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Perceived Neighborhood Disorder with Substance Use Behaviors and Retail Access Among Southern California Adolescents.","authors":"Alyssa F Harlow, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Lynsie R Ranker, Junhan Cho, Laura K Thompson, Myles Cockburn, Sandrah P Eckel, Jessica L Barrington-Trimis","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2422972","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2422972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with a higher concentration of tobacco, cannabis and alcohol retailers and greater risk of certain substance use behaviors among youth. Less is known about the impact of subjective neighborhood disorder, which captures distinct exposures that may be relevant to substance use outcomes, including neighborhood social processes, safety, physical characteristics, and neighborhood drug use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from two waves (Feb-Dec 2022) of a prospective cohort of Southern California high school students (<i>n</i> = 2,139; mean[SD] age = 15.7.[0.6]). We examined associations of perceived neighborhood disorder at baseline with (a) perceived ease of purchase (continuous scale 0-100) for alcohol, cannabis, e-cigarettes, cigarettes, hookah, cigars/cigarillos, and oral nicotine at baseline and follow-up, and (b) repeated measures of past 6-month and past-30-day alcohol, vaped cannabis, smoked cannabis, cannabis edibles, e-cigarette, cigarette, cigarillo, hookah, and oral nicotine use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>E-cigarettes were perceived to be the easiest product to purchase. Participants in the highest (vs. lowest) quartile of neighborhood disorder reported greater mean ease of purchasing scores for all products (mean difference range = 5.43 [95%CI: 1.64-9.21] for mint/menthol oral nicotine products to 9.40 [95%CI: 6.16-12.64] for hookah) and greater odds of e-cigarette, smoked cannabis, edibles, vaped THC, and alcohol use (odds ratio range = 1.52 [95%CI: 1.05 to 2.18] for past 6-month alcohol to 5.40 [95% CI: 3.46 to 8.42] for 30-day smoked cannabis).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions that shape youth perceptions of their neighborhood and reduce youth retail access in disadvantaged neighborhoods are needed and may help to prevent youth substance use.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"228-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11710978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Childhood Adversity Before Age 5 Associated with Adolescent and Young Adult Substance Use? Findings from a U.S. Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Nina Mulia, Libo Li, Edwina Williams, Zihe Guo, Jane Witbrodt, Christina Tam, Camillia K Lui","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2406017","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2406017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Growing research suggests that adversity experienced early in life can affect young children's development, with implications for health-related outcomes years later. This study explored long-term associations between early life adversity before age 5 (ELA) and later substance use outcomes, and racial and ethnic differences in associations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data are from children born 1984-2000 to female participants in the U.S. National Longitudinal Study of Youth-1979 cohort (<i>N</i> = 4582 children nested within 2683 mothers, with 1.4-1.8 outcome observations on average for each child in each age period). ELA at ages 0-4 was measured through home observations and maternal surveys, and included high parental conflict and maternal hazardous drinking/drug use (threat-related exposures), and low cognitive stimulation, low emotional support, and household poverty (deprivation-related exposures). Alcohol and cannabis use frequency were measured in biennial adolescent and young adult surveys through 2016. Analyses involved multilevel regression and interactions accounting for demographics, birth cohort, and family history of alcoholism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ELA-threat exposure was associated with greater alcohol and cannabis use frequency in mid-adolescence and at ages 22-25 and 26-32 [exp(<math><mrow><mrow><mover><mi>β</mi><mo>^</mo></mover></mrow></mrow></math>)'s = 1.05 to 1.13, <i>p</i>'s < 0.05]. Associations of ELA-deprivation with substance use were either null or negative. There were pronounced racial and ethnic inequities in ELA exposure but no evidence of racial and ethnic differences in associations between ELA and later substance use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Broadening substance use research to focus on early childhood conditions appears warranted. Studies that identify intervening pathways to outcomes could inform early, targeted substance use prevention. Efforts are needed to eliminate racial and ethnic inequities in early life conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"64-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Use of Menthol- Versus Tobacco-Flavored ENDS with Switching Completely Away from Cigarettes and Differences by Menthol Cigarette Smoking.","authors":"Arielle Selya, Sooyong Kim, Saul Shiffman, Nicholas I Goldenson","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2422963","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2422963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Menthol cigarettes and menthol-flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are a current focus of US regulatory policy considerations. Informed policy requires understanding how ENDS flavor may influence smoking behavior, and whether this association varies by preferred cigarette flavor.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The analytic sample included 8,428 US adults who smoked cigarettes (AWS) in the Adult JUUL Switching and Smoking Trajectories Study and used tobacco- or menthol-flavored JUUL products. Repeated-measures logistic regressions assessed the time-varying association between primary JUUL flavor (menthol vs. tobacco) and switching (no past-30-day smoking) across four follow-ups in year 2 of the study, adjusting for sociodemographics and baseline smoking history. Analyses also examined interactions with cigarette flavor preference (menthol vs. non-menthol).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AWS smoking menthol cigarettes predominantly used menthol-flavored JUUL (∼70% of follow-ups) and had significantly higher switch rates (aOR[95%CI] = 1.30[1.09-1.55]). AWS primarily using menthol-flavored (vs. tobacco-flavored) JUUL had higher odds of switching (aOR = 1.24[1.08-1.43]). The association varied by preferred cigarette flavor: AWS who smoked <i>non</i>-menthol cigarettes had <i>higher</i> odds of switching when using menthol- (vs. tobacco-flavored) JUUL aOR = 1.21[1.05-1.40]). Among AWS who smoked menthol cigarettes, the difference in switching was not significant, but trended in the opposite direction (aOR = 0.94[0.79-1.11] for menthol- vs. tobacco-flavored JUUL). More generally, AWS who used cigarette-<i>incongruen</i>t JUUL flavors (especially non-menthol cigarettes and Menthol-flavored JUUL) had higher odds of switching (aOR = 1.16[1.04-1.29]).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Some menthol-flavored ENDS may promote complete switching beyond that facilitated by tobacco-flavored ENDS. Cigarette-<i>incongruent</i> ENDS flavors, especially menthol-flavored ENDS among people who smoke non-menthol cigarettes, may facilitate increased switching.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"311-318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance Use Disorders Among Human Trafficking Victims: Evidence from the 2019 to 2021 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample.","authors":"Nathaniel A Dell, Theresa Anasti, Kathleen M Preble, Hetal Patel","doi":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2446724","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10826084.2024.2446724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human trafficking (HT) survivors are at risk for substance use disorder (SUD), although assessing the SUD epidemiology of HT survivors is difficult. This study used data from the 2019 to 2021 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to estimate the prevalence of SUD for HT survivors utilizing emergency departments (ED) in the United States of America (US).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included visits for patients aged 12-64 years with any International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes documenting HT as a cause of morbidity (<i>N =</i> 1,688, <i>SE =</i> 141) or history of HT (<i>N =</i> 2,524, <i>SE =</i> 218). We estimated the prevalence of HT-related visits with SUD, associations between SUD and trafficking type, and demographic variation by SUD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Any non-nicotine SUD was frequently documented among patients with HT as a cause of morbidity (37.64%, <i>n =</i> 635) and for patients with any history of HT (42.42%, <i>n =</i> 1,071). SUD was more frequently documented in cases of sex trafficking (43.47%, <i>n =</i> 579) relative to labor trafficking (15.79%, <i>n =</i> 56) (<i>p <</i> 0.001). Having any non-nicotine SUD was associated with higher rates of hospitalization for ED visits with HT as a cause of morbidity (53.31% [<i>n =</i> 339] vs. 12.39% [<i>n =</i> 130]; <i>p <</i> 0.001) and for those with a history of HT (76.78% [<i>n =</i> 822] vs 50.43% [<i>n =</i> 733]; <i>p <</i> 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HT patients presenting to the ED have high rates of SUD and HT patients with SUD having a greater likelihood of hospitalization. ED clinicians can play an important role in supporting SUD recovery among HT survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":22088,"journal":{"name":"Substance Use & Misuse","volume":" ","pages":"619-627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}