Southern Medical Journal最新文献

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Effect of HIV Status and Charlson Comorbidity Index on COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes in a Case-Control Study. 病例对照研究中,HIV 感染状况和 Charlson Comorbidity Index 对 COVID-19 临床结果的影响。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001753
Rebecca C Gerrity, Melissa Parkinson, Rachel Strength, Chinelo N Animalu, Nathan Davidson, Christian J Fuchs, Christopher D Jackson, Nathan A Summers
{"title":"Effect of HIV Status and Charlson Comorbidity Index on COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes in a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Rebecca C Gerrity, Melissa Parkinson, Rachel Strength, Chinelo N Animalu, Nathan Davidson, Christian J Fuchs, Christopher D Jackson, Nathan A Summers","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>During the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous comorbidities were identified as risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality. Few studies have examined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and COVID-19 co-infection and the impact of HIV on COVID-19 outcomes. In this study, we compared outcomes of people living with HIV with COVID-19 with a control group to examine outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 45 people living with HIV admitted with COVID-19 to one of three large healthcare systems in Memphis, Tennessee, between March 1 and October 31, 2020. We matched the people living with HIV in a 1:1 fashion to a control group of COVID-19-positive patients without a recorded history of HIV and compared clinical outcomes. Nine pairs were not able to be optimally matched, so a sensitivity analysis was completed by repeating the same analyses in the primary analysis while excluding the nine mismatched pairs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients did not differ significantly in demographic variables due to the matching algorithm, and there was no significant difference in measured outcomes between people living with HIV and controls. A CD4 count of <200 cells per microliter was not significantly associated with increased morbidity or mortality. Controlling for HIV status, an elevated Charlson Comorbidity Index score of >3 was associated with increased intubation (<i>P</i> = 0.02), vasopressor use (odds ratio [OR] 4.81, <i>P</i> = 0.04), intensive care unit level of care (OR 4.37, <i>P</i> = 0.007), mortality (OR 7.14, <i>P</i> = 0.02), and length of overall hospital stay in days (<i>P</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no difference in outcomes of people living with HIV in comparison to matched controls based on HIV status but found that an increased Charlson Comorbidity Index score led to increased morbidity and mortality regardless of HIV status.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"651-656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
User-Friendly Medication Packaging: The Birth Control Pill Story. 方便用户的药品包装:避孕药的故事。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001747
Sujeeth Shanmugam, Steven R Feldman
{"title":"User-Friendly Medication Packaging: The Birth Control Pill Story.","authors":"Sujeeth Shanmugam, Steven R Feldman","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancement of a Vertically Integrated Training Program (VITP): Introspective Assessment and Expansion. 推进纵向一体化培训计划(VITP):回顾性评估与扩展。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001749
Greyson Fox Tran, Matthew Magee, Rafik Sadik Gendi, Buckley McCall, Jaron Pettis, Donald J DiPette
{"title":"Advancement of a Vertically Integrated Training Program (VITP): Introspective Assessment and Expansion.","authors":"Greyson Fox Tran, Matthew Magee, Rafik Sadik Gendi, Buckley McCall, Jaron Pettis, Donald J DiPette","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the number of medical school applicants more than doubling during the past 30 years, there has been an increased need to mentor premedical undergraduate students. The Vertically Integrated Training Program at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, was created to provide direct mentoring for college students interested in a career as a physician. Online surveys were distributed at the beginning and end of the Fall 2023 semester to gain insight into the success of the program's events from the undergraduate perspective. Data suggest a trend toward positive change in terms of increased confidence of undergraduate students regarding the process of applying to and finding success in medical school. This article reviews the development of the Vertically Integrated Training Program, evaluates the success of the program, and suggests next steps for the organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"670-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LGBTQ+ Health Inequities in a Rural, Conservative Context: Alabama Compared with Other Southern States. 农村保守环境中 LGBTQ+ 的健康不平等:阿拉巴马州与其他南方州的比较。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001751
Sarah MacCarthy, Austin H Johnson, J Mac DeLay, Mallie Froehlich, Chase Harless, Marc N Elliott
{"title":"LGBTQ+ Health Inequities in a Rural, Conservative Context: Alabama Compared with Other Southern States.","authors":"Sarah MacCarthy, Austin H Johnson, J Mac DeLay, Mallie Froehlich, Chase Harless, Marc N Elliott","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There are no statewide statistics regarding the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) Alabamians. To fill this gap, we used data collected by the Southern Equality Research and Policy Center to compare Alabama with other southern US states regarding the health and well-being of LGBTQ+ people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We tested for unadjusted differences between Alabama and other southern states using χ<sup>2</sup> tests for dichotomous outcomes and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for ordinal outcomes. Multivariate logistic models predicted dichotomous outcomes from an Alabama indicator, a continuous rurality variable, and a racial and ethnic minority indicator to control for differences in rurality and racial and ethnic composition; multivariate linear regression was used to approximate the point estimate of adjusted differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alabama and other southern states had statistically similar and high levels of abuse, harassment, and poor mental and physical health. Alabamians lived in ZIP codes with somewhat higher rural-urban commuting area code rurality scores (AL 1.76; South 1.70; <i>P</i> = 0.036, where 1 is the most urban category). More than one-fourth of Alabama respondents reported experiencing self-harming behaviors; one-third reported suicidal ideation (33.1%); more than half reported anxiety disorders (57.6%); more than two-thirds reported being depressed (69.2%); and 25% to 75% experienced or feared emotional and physical abuse because of their identity. Multivariate adjusted results were generally similar to unadjusted results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alabama LGBTQ+ populations, who live in more rural settings than in most prior studies, experience markedly poor outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"634-639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Cohort Study of Lt. Col. Luke J. Weathers VA Medical Center Patients with Positive FIT and Incomplete GI Evaluation during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Luke J. Weathers 中校退伍军人医疗中心在 COVID-19 大流行期间 FIT 阳性和消化道评估不完整患者的队列研究。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001756
Mark Mitchell, Richard Huynh, Chenhao Zhao, Lorri Reaves, Alva Weir, Lindsey Lands
{"title":"A Cohort Study of Lt. Col. Luke J. Weathers VA Medical Center Patients with Positive FIT and Incomplete GI Evaluation during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Mark Mitchell, Richard Huynh, Chenhao Zhao, Lorri Reaves, Alva Weir, Lindsey Lands","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The reasons for and incidence of delay in screening colonoscopies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are of major public health interest. The risks and reasons for delay likely vary between public and private institutions. This research sought to analyze data regarding the completion of screening colonoscopies after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the reasons for a delay in obtaining these results at the Lt. Col. Luke Weathers, Jr. Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The goals were to evaluate the institutional resilience and analyze the problems associated with this major healthcare crisis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This closed cohort study included all positive FITs from our local Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center from October 2019 to January 2020 and July 2020 to May 2021. A total of 115 VA patients with a positive FIT prepandemic and 157 VA patients with a positive FIT during the pandemic were included. Completion rates within 180 days were measured, and charts were reviewed to identify the reasons for lack of completion. Both community and local VA procedures for veterans were included. Univariate and multivariable analyses were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs). The Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> test was applied to calculate <i>P</i> values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VA patients' percentage of timely completion was lower pre-COVID-19 than it was during the pandemic, and the percentage of delayed completion was higher pre-COVID-19 than it was during the pandemic. Comparing patients who completed a colonoscopy with those who did not, increasing age had an OR of 0.947 (95% CI 0.920-0.975), and White race had an OR of 0.504 (95% CI 0.291-0.873). Evaluating delays in colonoscopy completion, VA colonoscopies versus referral to the community had an OR of 4.472 (95% CI 1.602-12.483), and pre-COVID-19 completion versus during COVID-19 had an OR of 4.663 (95% CI 1.727-12.594) with multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a statistically significant increase in timely colonoscopy completion during the study period when compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. The completion rate was higher at the Lt. Col. Luke Weathers, Jr. VA Medical Center than a large population average in 2020, possibly related to community colonoscopies and an aggressive case management system. In addition, increasing age and White race were associated with decreased colonoscopy completion. Predictors of an increased delay in colonoscopy completion included a pre-COVID-19 positive FIT and colonoscopies performed within the VA rather than being referred to providers in the community. A common reason for delay in all of the groups was patients declining intervention and delay/lack of referral.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"657-661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lymphedema Awareness and Experience in the Turner Syndrome Community. 特纳综合征群体对淋巴水肿的认识和经验。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001748
Carolina Gutierrez, Hannah Uhlig-Reche, Meaghan Mones, Michelle Rivera-Davila, Siddharth K Prakash, Melissa B Aldrich
{"title":"Lymphedema Awareness and Experience in the Turner Syndrome Community.","authors":"Carolina Gutierrez, Hannah Uhlig-Reche, Meaghan Mones, Michelle Rivera-Davila, Siddharth K Prakash, Melissa B Aldrich","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lymphedema commonly affects females with Turner syndrome (TS), although it may be underrecognized and untreated. The objective of this study was to better understand self-reported lymphedema prevalence, knowledge, and experience in TS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 24-question anonymous survey was distributed to females with TS or their caregivers at a TS community event, a TS adult comprehensive care center, and an associated pediatrics clinic. Survey questions assessed lymphedema awareness, diagnosis and history, treatments and compliance, and sequelae. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-one surveys were returned, with 51.2% (n = 21) completed by the patient (mean age 25.8 years), 26.8% by the caregiver (n = 11), 2.5% by both the patient and the caregiver (n = 1), and 19.5% (n = 8) with unmarked respondent type. Greater than 75% (n = 31) reported having heard of lymphedema, 26.8% (n = 11) reported discussing lymphedema with a healthcare provider, and 22% (n = 9) reported receiving a diagnosis of lymphedema. The median age at the time of lymphedema diagnosis was 2 years. The most commonly affected body sites were legs/feet, followed by arms/hands and neck/face; the majority of patients experienced lymphedema at multiple body sites. Lymphedema resolution was reported by half, with a median duration of 4.25 years. Only one-third of those with lymphedema reported receiving treatment for the condition, including use of specialized massage/manual lymphatic drainage and compression garments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identification of knowledge gaps and experience with lymphedema in TS can help with the development of targeted educational interventions. Greater awareness and understanding of this treatable condition in TS may contribute to improved health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"666-668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Running Helps: Medical Students and Attending Physicians are on the Same Track. 助跑:医学生和主治医师在同一起跑线上。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001746
T Parks Remcho
{"title":"Running Helps: Medical Students and Attending Physicians are on the Same Track.","authors":"T Parks Remcho","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"678-679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Healthcare Provider Burnout: Red Flag for a Rising Epidemic. 医护人员职业倦怠:流行病上升的红旗。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001752
Ashley Adams, Ensaf Alhujaily, Vishwanth Anil, Omar Kandah, Austin Patrick-Eisenberg, Kelsey Decker, Sara R Khouzam, Shashi Nagabandi, Rami N Khouzam
{"title":"Healthcare Provider Burnout: Red Flag for a Rising Epidemic.","authors":"Ashley Adams, Ensaf Alhujaily, Vishwanth Anil, Omar Kandah, Austin Patrick-Eisenberg, Kelsey Decker, Sara R Khouzam, Shashi Nagabandi, Rami N Khouzam","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001752","DOIUrl":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This article aims to broaden the understanding of burnout in healthcare providers, its causes, and its reduction strategies. The objectives are to raise awareness, facilitate early intervention, and, ultimately, improve the overall well-being of healthcare providers and the quality of patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study investigated healthcare-provision-associated burnout, an often-unrecognized syndrome affecting professionals worldwide, and its prevalence. It also examined the impact of burnout on patient outcomes, safety, and provider health and well-being. Here, we delve into the triad of burnout attributes: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal accomplishment. Specific causes, such as work-life balance, workplace environment, and communication/teamwork, are investigated. The existing literature and studies we report explore the pathophysiological effects of burnout, including its impact on health, sleep patterns, and the alarming correlation with suicide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of burnout among healthcare providers is between 30% and 50%. Burnout is a significant factor contributing to poor patient outcomes and threatening patient safety. Furthermore, burnout can induce physical symptoms, including psychological, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal disorders. We emphasize the importance of identifying and preventing burnout to maintain the overall integrity of healthcare providers and eliminate vulnerabilities for harm to their patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Burnout awareness should be a priority from the early stages of healthcare providers' careers because it is crucial for maintaining their well-being, preventing medical errors, and sustaining high-quality patient care. The identification and prevention of burnout are deemed vital not only for the well-being of healthcare providers but also to safeguard against potential harm to patients. This article calls for increased awareness of burnout, its underlying causes, and the implementation of effective reduction strategies in the healthcare profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"629-633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neighborhood Ecologies, Cases, and Deaths during the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for Current and Future Epidemics? COVID-19 大流行初期的邻里生态、病例和死亡人数:对当前和未来流行病的启示?
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001757
Peter T Baltrus, Chaohua Li, Megan Douglas, Robina Josiah Willock, Ashley Daniel, Dominic Mack, Anne H Gaglioti
{"title":"Neighborhood Ecologies, Cases, and Deaths during the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for Current and Future Epidemics?","authors":"Peter T Baltrus, Chaohua Li, Megan Douglas, Robina Josiah Willock, Ashley Daniel, Dominic Mack, Anne H Gaglioti","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001757","DOIUrl":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected Black and Latinx communities. Ecologic analyses have shown that counties with a higher percentage of Latinx and Black people have worse COVID-19 outcome rates. Few ecologic analyses have been published at the neighborhood (census tract) level. We sought to determine whether certain sociodemographic neighborhood ecologies were associated with COVID-19 case and death rates in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used census data and principal-component analysis to identify unique neighborhood ecologies. We then estimated correlation coefficients to determine whether the neighborhood profiles produced by a principal-component analysis were correlated with COVID-19 case and death rates. We conducted geographically weighted regression models to assess how correlation coefficients varied spatially for neighborhood ecologies and COVID-19 outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified two unique neighborhood profiles: (1) high percentage of residents, Hispanic ethnicity, without a high school diploma, without health insurance, living in crowded households, and lower percentage older than 65 years; and (2) high percentage of residents, Black race, living in poverty, unemployed, and households receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits. Profile 1 was associated with COVID-19 case rate (Pearson <i>r</i> = 0.462, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and profile 2 was associated with COVID-19 death rate (Spearman <i>r</i> = 0.279, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Correlations between neighborhood profiles and COVID-19 outcomes varied spatially.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neighborhoods were differentially at risk of COVID-19 cases or deaths depending on their sociodemographic ecology at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prevention methods and interventions may need to consider different social determinants of health when addressing potential cases and deaths during future emergent epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"640-645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Compared to Warfarin in Patients with Cirrhosis and Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis. 与华法林相比,直接口服抗凝药对肝硬化和脾静脉血栓患者的疗效和安全性。
IF 1 4区 医学
Southern Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001750
Sean-Patrick Prince, Denisse Camille Dayto, Andrew Sephien, Marc Lozano, Robyn Tobillo, Natalie P Hurlock, Anil Ram, John Abernathy
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Compared to Warfarin in Patients with Cirrhosis and Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis.","authors":"Sean-Patrick Prince, Denisse Camille Dayto, Andrew Sephien, Marc Lozano, Robyn Tobillo, Natalie P Hurlock, Anil Ram, John Abernathy","doi":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001750","DOIUrl":"10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The incidence of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is reported to be <25 times lower than that of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli, which occur in 70 to 270/100,000 cases in the general population. Current guidelines recommend initial treatment with therapeutic low-molecular-weight heparin followed by a transition to a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) or a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in patients with cirrhosis who develop SVT without severe liver dysfunction. This, however, is based on observational data. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy in patients with cirrhosis who present with SVT and receive either a DOAC or a VKA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted from December 2021 to November 2022. Patients between the ages of 18 and 75 years with cirrhosis and acute SVT who received either a VKA or a DOAC between July 2019 and July 2021 were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome was the efficacy of treatment, defined as a new thrombotic event. The secondary outcome was the safety of treatment, defined as the development of major bleeding. Readmission data were followed up at 6 and 10 months. Bivariate analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the medication groups and each outcome and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical significance was set at 5% for all of the comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 80 patients from 50 hospitals were included in this study. Sixty-one patients (59.02% male) received DOACs and 19 (57.89% male) received a VKA. Of the patients who received DOACs, 41 (67.21%) received apixaban, one (1.64%) received dabigatran, and 19 (31.15%) received rivaroxaban. The results from the bivariate analysis revealed no significant differences between DOACs and warfarin for both the efficacy (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.44-4.84, <i>P</i> = 0.53) and safety outcomes (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.04-26.43, <i>P</i> = 1) at 10 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of DOACs in patients with cirrhosis who present with SVT may be efficacious and safe compared with warfarin. The findings from our study may inform power analyses for well-conducted randomized trials to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":22043,"journal":{"name":"Southern Medical Journal","volume":"117 11","pages":"662-665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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