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Hydrothermal preparation of goethite crystals 针铁矿晶体的水热制备
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90124-4
S. Ardizzone, L. Formaro
{"title":"Hydrothermal preparation of goethite crystals","authors":"S. Ardizzone,&nbsp;L. Formaro","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90124-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90124-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The precipitation of goethite particles by a hydrothermal procedure is described. The reaction involves the oxidation of ferrous ion solutions with hydroxylamine salts at 85 °C.</p><p>The phase purity of the oxide is discussed as a function of the solution composition, and in particular of the pH and of the different anions. Scanning electron microscope examinations show that goethite particles are acicular crystals with a rather narrow size distribution. The crystals show prismatic shape and appear to be elongated in the [001] crystallographic direction. The attribution of {110} form to the side faces of the prisms is proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90124-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91649264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Influence of impurities in phosphoric acid on the corrosion resistance of some commercially produced alloys 磷酸中杂质对某些工业生产合金耐腐蚀性的影响
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90115-3
Nabil Nassif
{"title":"Influence of impurities in phosphoric acid on the corrosion resistance of some commercially produced alloys","authors":"Nabil Nassif","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90115-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90115-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence of Cl<sup>−</sup>, F<sup>−</sup>, S<sup>2−</sup>, SO<sup>2−</sup><sub>4</sub>, SiO<sup>2−</sup><sub>3</sub>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions, in phosphoric acid, on the corrosion behaviour of stainless steels 304 and 316, alloys 825, 625, 230 and Hastelloys C and G was investigated. The alloys were tested in 75% H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> in the absence and presence of various concentrations of each of the impurities at 85 °C under reflux and stirring conditions. Chloride ion was the most aggressive of the impurities because of its physicochemical properties. The best corrosion resistance in chloride contaminated H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> was shown by the alloy containing the highest molybdenum and tungsten contents as an insoluble protective basic molybdenum and tungsten chloride film is formed. The presence of sulphide ion in H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> considerably affected the corrosion rate as a result of the increased electrocatalytic activity of the passive film for oxygen reduction as a result of film contamination. Corrosion resistance was improved in such a sulphide environment by increasing the chromium content of the alloys.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90115-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73158556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Influence of initial surface damage on the final texture of chemically etched quartz plates 初始表面损伤对化学蚀刻石英板材最终织构的影响
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6
C. Tellier, J. L. Vaterkowski
{"title":"Influence of initial surface damage on the final texture of chemically etched quartz plates","authors":"C. Tellier, J. L. Vaterkowski","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74215027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Influence of initial surface damage on the final texture of chemically etched quartz plates 初始表面损伤对化学蚀刻石英板材最终织构的影响
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6
C.R. Tellier, J.L. Vaterkowski
{"title":"Influence of initial surface damage on the final texture of chemically etched quartz plates","authors":"C.R. Tellier,&nbsp;J.L. Vaterkowski","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Various AT-cut quartz plates, mechanically lapped or polished prior to etching are etched at a constant temperature. The variations in the dissolution rate with the time of etching are found to depend on the surface damage in the initial stages of the chemical attack, but with prolonged etching all the dissolution rates tend to a common limiting value. Lapped and polished quartz plates exhibit opposite changes in roughness parameters with the depth of etch for short etching times. Subsequent dissolution leads, whatever the original surface preparation of the quartz plate, to equilibrium values of the roughness parameters characterized by the direction of the profilometry traces. Scanning electron micrographs are in agreement with these observations and reveal that pits of the same shape develop on polished and lapped quartz plates. Thus the initial surface damage has no influence on the final surface texture of deeply etched quartz plates which is determined primarily by the crystal orientation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90125-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91649263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
A chemically modified electrode: Decay kinetics for ferrocenes adsorbed on a carbon electrode 化学修饰电极:二茂铁吸附在碳电极上的衰变动力学
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90118-9
Maher El-Hashash, M.H. Fawzy, Wayne E. Britton
{"title":"A chemically modified electrode: Decay kinetics for ferrocenes adsorbed on a carbon electrode","authors":"Maher El-Hashash,&nbsp;M.H. Fawzy,&nbsp;Wayne E. Britton","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90118-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90118-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrochemical properties of immobilized ferrocene compounds on high-order pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), and first- and second-order ferricinium decay kinetics for a series of ferrocylidene cyclohexanones and acetophenones and diferrocenylphenylphosphine immobilized on HOPG are described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90118-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90381350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The standard but misleading nitrogen adsorption isotherm and texture assessment of porous silicas and aluminas 多孔二氧化硅和氧化铝的标准氮吸附等温线和结构评定
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90122-0
M. Abdel-Khalik, M.I. Zaki
{"title":"The standard but misleading nitrogen adsorption isotherm and texture assessment of porous silicas and aluminas","authors":"M. Abdel-Khalik,&nbsp;M.I. Zaki","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90122-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90122-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Standard nitrogen adsorption isotherms were determined on largely dehydroxylated silica and alumina references, prepared by calcination at 1200 °C for 72 h. The reliability of the reduced adsorption data α<sub>s</sub> derived was checked for use in the analysis of experimental isotherms determined on a series of porous silicas and aluminas, prepared by calcination of Davison silica gel and Degussa aluminium oxide C in the range 400–800 °C for 5 h, by comparison with existing standard adsorption data of hydroxylated silica and alumina references. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of having accurate standard data derived from an isotherm determined on a reference solid virtually identical in surface structure with the solid being tested.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90122-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91776723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Degradation behaviour of a titanium supported RuO2TiO2 electrode 钛负载RuO2TiO2电极的降解行为
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90121-9
Tomiya Kishi, Yoshiharu Sugimoto, Takashi Nagai
{"title":"Degradation behaviour of a titanium supported RuO2TiO2 electrode","authors":"Tomiya Kishi,&nbsp;Yoshiharu Sugimoto,&nbsp;Takashi Nagai","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90121-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90121-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The degradation behaviour of a titanium supported RuO<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>2</sub> electrode in HClH<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> solutions is investigated. In the early stage of electrolysis cracks on the electrode surface grow by dissolution of oxide in the strongly acidified medium, the proton concentration of which is controlled by the main electrolytic reactions. It is concluded that the titanium component in the oxide is responsible for the dissolution of the oxides in the cracks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90121-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89971998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Texture and microstructure of NiO derived from Ni(OH)2 in vacuum Ni(OH)2在真空中制备NiO的织构和显微结构
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90123-2
J. M. Rodriguez, J. Morales, J. Tirado
{"title":"Texture and microstructure of NiO derived from Ni(OH)2 in vacuum","authors":"J. M. Rodriguez, J. Morales, J. Tirado","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90123-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90123-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79062960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Structural changes and surface properties of thermally treated pure and doped cobalt oxide 热处理纯氧化钴和掺杂氧化钴的结构变化和表面性能
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90119-0
Awad I. Ahmed , Th. El-Nabarawy
{"title":"Structural changes and surface properties of thermally treated pure and doped cobalt oxide","authors":"Awad I. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Th. El-Nabarawy","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90119-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90119-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Surface area measurements were carried out by nitrogen adsorption at —196 °C on cobalt oxide and on lithium- and ferric-doped cobalt oxides. Thermal products were obtained by calcination in the temperature range 250–1000 °C. Structural and phase changes were studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray techniques.</p><p>DTA of samples showed that heating of the pure and doped cobalt hydroxide in air in the temperature range 250–700 °C yields Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. On increasing the heating temperature to 800 °C CoO is formed. The dehydration products obtained at temperature less than 500 °C were amorphous to X-rays. Doping with foreign ions causes textural changes in the parent solid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90119-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75432157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The application of interface settling rates in hindered settling to the determination of the mean particle radii 阻碍沉降中界面沉降率在确定平均粒子半径中的应用
Surface Technology Pub Date : 1985-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(85)90126-8
Asif S. Bhatti, David Dollimore, Lesley Davies, Javed I. Bhatty
{"title":"The application of interface settling rates in hindered settling to the determination of the mean particle radii","authors":"Asif S. Bhatti,&nbsp;David Dollimore,&nbsp;Lesley Davies,&nbsp;Javed I. Bhatty","doi":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90126-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-4583(85)90126-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The settling behaviour of concentrated suspensions of glass ballotini in water and in glycerine-water mixtures is determined. A nominal diameter could be assigned to the various grades of glass ballotini, so the calculation of the diameter from the settling mass of suspended material and the clear supernatant could be checked. The nominal diameters were based on optical microscopy experiments. The value of the diameter can be calculated either by extrapolation of data to infinite dilution conditions or by the use of various formulae which can be represented as modifications of Stokes' Law. It is shown that reasonable results can be obtained in a number of cases. The behaviour of some of the algebraic functions in these calculations is a subject of a detailed analysis. In one set of experiments the data are collected on a monosized dispersion of ballotini but the work is extended to cover suspensions of different sizes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22037,"journal":{"name":"Surface Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-4583(85)90126-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72699645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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