Materials Science Educator: Courses最新文献

{"title":"CSR and Firm Survival: Evidence from the Climate and Pandemic Crises","authors":"Thomas J. Chemmanur, D. Gounopoulos, Panagiotis Koutroumpis, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3928806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3928806","url":null,"abstract":"We analyse the relationship between the extent of a firm’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its long-term survival probability. We conjecture that a better CSR rating is associated with a lower probability of corporate failure and a longer survival period. Consistent with this, we document that four CSR dimensions (environment, community, employee relations, and product) out of six are positively related to firms’ survival probability. The positive association between CSR ratings and firm survival is stronger for firms operating in more competitive industries and those with weaker governance. We find that a firm’s engagement in CSR activities is particularly crucial for firm survival during pandemics and under adverse climate conditions. We establish causality in the relation between a firm’s CSR activities and its survival probability using instrumental variable (IV) and Heckman two-step analyses. Finally, we find that better financial performance, less stringent financial constraints, greater managerial discipline, and enhanced labor productivity are some of the channels through which firms engaging in more CSR activity achieve longer survival times.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132777019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Solution of the Partial Differential Equation using Randomly Generated Finite Grids and Two-Dimensional Fractional-Order Legendre Function","authors":"Sanaullah Mastoi, Wan Ainun Mior Othman, Umair Ali, U. A. Rajput, G. Fizza","doi":"10.26782/jmcms.2021.06.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2021.06.00004","url":null,"abstract":"There are various methods to solve the physical life problem involving engineering, scientific and biological systems. It is found that numerical methods are approximate solutions. In this way, randomly generated finite difference grids achieve an approximation with fewer iterations. The idea of randomly generated grids in cartesian coordinates and polar form are compared with the exact, iterative method, uniform grids, and approximate solutions in a generalized expansion form of two-dimensional fractional-order Legendre functions. The most ideal and benchmarking method is the finite difference method over randomly generated grids on Cartesian coordinates, polar coordinates used for numerical solutions. This concept motivates the investigation of the effects of the randomly generated meshes. The two-dimensional equation is solved over randomly generated meshes to test randomly generated grids and the implementation. The feasibility of the numerical solution is analyzed by comparing simulation profiles.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130514991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indoor Rock Climbing: The Nuts and Bolts of Routesetting Copyright Protection Post-Star Athletica","authors":"Julie Tamerler","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3665017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3665017","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor rock climbing is a relatively new sport; as a result, many legal issues as applied to the sport have not yet been explored. Because indoor rock climbing is rapidly increasing in popularity, issues like the copyright of indoor rock climbing routes will become relevant to the industry’s legal landscape. The growth of modern indoor rock climbing gyms has put a spotlight on route-setting. Today, it is clear that one of the main ways an indoor rock climbing gym becomes and remains successful is through innovative and sensitive route-setting that provides customers with new and challenging climbing experiences. Route-setting has become its own art form; the route-setter is the artist, the holds are the paint, the blank slab of wall is the canvas, and the climbing customer is the individual experiencing the route-setter's creation. Despite the fact that indoor rock climbing routes are works of sculptural art, there is no legal scholarship exploring potential copyright protection of these works. As useful articles, indoor rock climbing routes would have to survive a separability analysis to achieve protection for its fixed, artistic elements. However, indoor rock climbing routes currently pass separability analysis under the new standard established by the Supreme Court in Star Athletica, L.L.C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc (“Star Athletica”), allowing the routes themselves to be eligible for copyright protection. \u0000 \u0000This comment presents a framework for analyzing the ability to copyright indoor rock climbing routes in light of recent developments established by Star Athletica and subsequent cases. Indoor rock climbing routes are eligible for copyright protection as artistic sculptural works. Section II discusses the history of indoor rock climbing and the development of the modern route-setting profession. Section III advances the framework that proves that indoor rock climbing routes are copyright-able, first by discussing the issue of issue articles and separability, then by examining the new test for separability as set forth in Star Athletica and its progeny. Section IV discusses the details associated with copyright protection for indoor rock climbing routes, comparing and contrasting literal movement with physical aesthetic similarity. Finally, Section V discusses the future of the indoor rock climbing industry, how copyright will co-exist with the development of the sport, and concludes.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116272029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Multi-Dimensional Energy–Momentum Equation and Relativistic Energy– Momentum Equation, Which Equation Is Wrong?","authors":"Bahram Kalhor, Farzaneh Mehrparvar, Behnam Kalhor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3656600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3656600","url":null,"abstract":"The paper compares the multi-dimensional energy-momentum equation with the relativistic energy-momentum equation. We show that the relativistic energy-momentum equation is wrong and unable to explain the mass-energy equivalence in the multi-dimensional real space. Bertozzi’s experiment is good evidence for showing the problem of the relativistic energy- momentum equation. Multi-dimensional energy-equation can explain the total energy of the particles in the Bertozzi’s experiment and explain the relationship between the mass-energy formula of the particles in the n-dimensional spacetime.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122194711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a Method for Solving the Riccati Equations to Describe Objects Parameters in An Analytical Form","authors":"Y. Dobrynin, Olexander Brunetkin, M. Maksymov, Оleksii Maksymov","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.205107","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the established feature of non-linear differential equations as those that most adequately describe the properties of objects. Possible methods of their linearization have been analyzed. The issues related to solving the original equations in a linearized form have been defined. The Riccati equation has been given as an example.For a special type Riccati equation, a method to solve it has been constructed, whereby the results are represented in an analytical form. It is based on the use of linearization and a special method of nondimensionalization.A special feature of the constructed method is determined by its application not to the original equation but to its discrete analog. The result of solving it is an analytical expression based on elementary functions. It is derived from using the existing analytical solution (supporting, basic) to one of the equations of the examined type. All the original equations of the examined type have the same type of solution. This also applies to equations that had no previous analytical solution.A formalized procedure for implementing the devised method has been developed. It makes it possible to link the analytical type of solution to the examined equation and known analytical solution to the basic one. The link is possible due to the equality of discrete analogs of the considered and basic equations. The equality of discrete analogs is provided by using a special nondimensionalization method.The applicability of the method and the adequacy of the results obtained have been shown by comparing them with existing analytical solutions to two special type Riccati equations. In one case, the solution has movable special points. In the second case, a known solution has an asymptote but, at the positive values of the argument, has no special points.The possibility of using the constructed method to solve the general Riccati equation has been indicated.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131508146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reintegration of Ex-Military Personnel With Civil Life- a Social Issue and Big Challenge: An Empirical Study","authors":"Priti Verma, S. Imran","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3646001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3646001","url":null,"abstract":"Every year a large number of individuals have to quit different military services: army, navy, air force etc. for different reasons all over the world. Among all the reasons, medical discharge is the most unacceptable one. After forced departure from the service, these personnel face several problems as they go through a difficult and sensitive time in their life. Starting from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), they go through different mental, psychological, social and psychopathological problems. Further, people look at them in a different way when they come to know that the person had to resign from military services. Moreover, the behavior and attitude of the family members and relatives make the situation worse. Ex-military personnel of this category suffer from depression. However, the person can be turned into a positive and effective power of the society by proper support from the surroundings as the person can use the learning from his/her experience in other occupations as well. The paper draws attention towards this social problem. \u0000The benefits of the research will have an impact on the ex-military community of forced departure, as this problem has not been addressed properly in broader context before.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114609914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injunctions and Hold-up under Weak Patent Protection","authors":"Kyoungbo Sim","doi":"10.23895/KDIJEP.2020.42.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23895/KDIJEP.2020.42.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes how injunctions relate to patent hold-up problems. To this end, we present a simple model of licensing negotiations between a patent holder and a downstream firm in the shadow of litigation. More specifically, we consider the situation in which an injunction is granted as a matter of course if a patent is found valid and infringed upon in litigation, but the patent holder may be under-compensated due to aspects of the patent remedy system other than injunctions. We show that if the downstream user is unaware of the patent before any investment in initially designing its product, the patent hold-up problems created by injunction threats are worrisome when (i) the redesign process is costly, (ii) the degree of patent protection (by aspects of the patent remedy system other than injunctions) is sufficiently strong and (iii) the injunction is requested not to practice the patented technology exclusively but to collect excessive patent royalties. Even if the downstream user is aware of the patent before the initial investment, the patent hold-up problems do not disappear. The findings here imply that a discretionary approach is required towards denying injunctions against patent infringement. If the degree of patent protection is not sufficiently strong, denying injunctions can exacerbate the under-compensation problem. However, once patent protection improves enough (not necessarily perfectly), we may see a surge of patent hold-up problems, and it would be better to apply alternative patent remedies in place of injunctions when necessary. Lastly, we discuss several possible alternatives to injunctions and their pros and cons.","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122073208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Students Metacognition Levels in Problem-Solving and Mathematical Literacy","authors":"Maya Trisnani, Widodo Winarso","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3513145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3513145","url":null,"abstract":"Metacognition is knowledge and awareness about the process of cognition or learning about the mind and how it works. Solving mathematical problems requires the involvement of metacognition. This study aims to obtain the results of identification of students' level of metacognition in problem-solving and the level of metacognition of students in mathematical literacy on social arithmetic material. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 3 Palimanan. This type of research is qualitative research. The subjects of this study were students of class VII C Middle School 3 Palimanan. Data collected by test and interview methods. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of this study indicate that the level of metacognition of students in solving mathematical problems and mathematical literacy has mixed results. In solving mathematical problems, students who have high learning outcomes are at the level of Reflective Use metacognition, students who have learning outcomes are at the Strategic Use metacognition level, and students who have low learning outcomes are at the Tacit Use metacognition level. Meanwhile, the level of student metacognition in mathematics literacy is not much different from solving mathematical problems. Students who have high learning outcomes are at the Reflective Use metacognition level, students who have learning outcomes are at the Strategic Use metacognition level, and students who have low learning outcomes are at the Aware Use metacognition level. Overall the level of metacognition of students both in solving mathematical problems and in mathematics literacy is at the level of Strategic Use metacognition","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128712853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Force Concept Inventory (FCI) in Two Introductory Physics Courses at SQU, Oman","authors":"N. Koca, Nidhal Suleiman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3531421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3531421","url":null,"abstract":"Main motivation for this work is to evaluate students’ understanding of force and motion concepts in two calculus based introductory physics courses at Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman by using Force Concept inventory (FCI).","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133797820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and Evaluation of Program Learning Outcomes and Soft Skills in Graduation Projects","authors":"Afzal Husain, Farooq Al-Jahwari, T. Pervez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3531390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3531390","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: <br>1. Comprehension and sub-categorization of ABET outcomes into outcome indicators to facilitate assessment and evaluation <br>2. Mapping of Program educational objectives with graduation project course objectives and ABET student outcomes <br>3. Detailed discussion of measurement and assessment technique of student outcomes","PeriodicalId":220342,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science Educator: Courses","volume":"499 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123194763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}