South African Journal of Chemical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Efficient tofu wastewater treatment with biofiltration using OPEFB-activated carbon","authors":"Sri Suhartini ,&nbsp;Alya Vinurila ,&nbsp;Novita Ainur Rohma ,&nbsp;Andhika Putra Agus Pratama ,&nbsp;Ika Atsari Dewi ,&nbsp;Nur Hidayat ,&nbsp;Nimas Mayang Sabrina Sunyoto ,&nbsp;Riris Waladatun Nafi’ah ,&nbsp;Widya Fatriasari ,&nbsp;Lynsey Melville","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the effectiveness of biofiltration in treating tofu wastewater using a biofilter system with various media combinations, including OPEFB-derived activated carbon. The aim was to investigate the impact of media arrangement and activated carbon thickness on the reduction of pollutants such as pH, turbidity, colour, BOD, COD, and TSS. A series of experiments were conducted with different media arrangements (i.e., silica sand, activated charcoal, zeolite, and gravel) and varying activated carbon thicknesses (i.e., 10, 15, and 20 cm). The results showed that the biofilter system significantly improved wastewater quality, with the best performance observed in the S1A3 treatment, which achieved the highest removal efficiencies of 79.39% for turbidity, 68.42% for colour, 60.42% for BOD, 76.14% for COD, and 71.11% for TSS. The study suggests that biofiltration using OPEFB-activated carbon combined with silica sand, zeolite, and gravel is a promising and cost-effective method for reducing pollutants in tofu wastewater. However, further optimization and additional treatment methods are needed to meet regulatory discharge standards, particularly for BOD, COD, and TSS. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable wastewater treatment practices, with potential applications in the tofu industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 506-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetohydrodynamic double diffusive mixed convection of power-law non-Newtonian hybrid nanofluid in rotating eccentric annuli with different positions of inner cylinder","authors":"Israt Jahan Supti,&nbsp;Md. Zahangir Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Mamun Molla","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study numerically analyzes magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) double-diffusive mixed convection in a rotating eccentric annulus filled with a non-Newtonian power-law hybrid nanofluid consisting of <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> nanoparticles suspended in water, considering various placements of the inner cylinder. The study utilizes the Galerkin weighted residual finite element method (GFEM) for the analysis. In this structure, the nanofluid fills the gap between the cylinders, keeping the outside circle of the geometry cold and the inner circle hot. In this structure, the nanofluid fills the gap between the cylinders, keeping the outside circle of the geometry cold and the inner circle hot. This study explores the effects of multiple governing parameters, including a power-law index varying between 0.7 and 1.3, nanoparticle concentrations from 0% to 2%, Hartmann numbers between 0 and 30, and buoyancy ratios ranging from −1 to 1. The analysis also considers Reynolds numbers in the range of 200 to 600, Richardson numbers from 0 to 5, Lewis numbers between 1 and 10, and angular velocity between −20 and 20 while maintaining a constant Prandtl number of 6.8377. In addition, heat and mass transfer rates are evaluated in terms of Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, and visualizations such as streamlines, isotherms, and concentration contours are presented. The heat and mass transfer rates remain nearly unchanged regardless of whether the inner cylinder rotates clockwise or counterclockwise. The results show that the heat and mass transfer rates remain nearly unchanged regardless of whether the inner cylinder rotates clockwise or counterclockwise. An increase in the Hartmann number leads to an enhancement in heat transfer, while it simultaneously reduces the mass transfer rate. On the other hand, a higher power-law index results in a decline in both heat and mass transfer rates. Conversely, a rise in the buoyancy ratio contributes to the enhancement of both thermal and mass transport. The novelty of this study is how varying angular velocities (positive and negative) influence heat and mass transport in a power-law non-Newtonian fluid under MHD effects. It offers a new parametric analysis of forced and free convection interactions using Reynolds number, Hartmann number, Richardson number, and angular velocity. For a non-rotating inner cylinder at power-law index = 0.7, the average Nusselt number decreases by 36.89%, while the average Sherwood number decreases by 17.14% as the Hartmann number increases from 0 to 30.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 546-566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the influence of the role of the Hf dopant concentration variation on the stability to degradation of ZrO2 ceramics considered as materials for solid oxide fuel cells","authors":"Sh.G Giniyatova ,&nbsp;D.I. Shlimas ,&nbsp;D.B. Borgekov ,&nbsp;A.T. Zhumazhanova ,&nbsp;N. Volodina ,&nbsp;A.L. Kozlovskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The key objective of this study is to determine the effect of hafnium stabilization of ZrO₂ ceramics and to identify its role in hardening and enhancement of resistance to degradation processes caused by the use of these ceramics as anode materials in solid oxide fuel cells. According to the X-ray structural analysis and Raman spectroscopy data, it was found that with an elevation in the Hf dopant concentration, the HfO₂ phase is formed in the composition of the ceramics, which has a similar structural motif to the monoclinic phase of ZrO₂, resulting in the formation of a continuous substitution solid solution of ZrO₂/HfO₂, and a change in the crystal lattice parameters of the monoclinic phase of ZrO₂ indicates the substitution of Zr⁴⁺ ions by Hf⁴⁺ ions, leading to a growth in the crystal lattice parameters, and consequently, the formation of oxygen vacancies. According to the assessment of the mechanical and strength properties of Zr(Hf)O₂ ceramics, it was found that the formation of inclusions in the ceramics in the form of HfO₂, which form a continuous solid solution at low concentrations, leads to an increase in resistance to external influences within 35 – 40 % compared to unstabilized ZrO₂ ceramics, but a rise in the density of oxygen vacancies above 4.4 × 10¹⁸, alongside the formation of T-defects in the structure leads to a decrease in resistance to external influences, but the strength parameters exceed the values for unstabilized ZrO₂ ceramics. Evaluation of the efficiency of using Zr(Hf)O₂ ceramics as anode materials revealed that at low dopant concentrations, not only an increase in specific power is observed, but also the stability of electrochemical parameters is maintained in the case of prolonged high-temperature exposure, which has a negative impact on maintenance of the performance of solid oxide fuel cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 533-545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergizing the pore structure and functionality of CAU-10-series metal-organic framework materials for energy-efficient ammonia separation","authors":"Shih-Yuan Chen ,&nbsp;Chung-Kai Chang ,&nbsp;Martin Keller ,&nbsp;Genki Horiguchi ,&nbsp;Takehisa Mochizuki ,&nbsp;Dun-Yen Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alumina-based metal–organic framework materials (Al-based MOFs) are integrated into an ammonia (NH₃) synthesis process to achieve 1–5 % NH₃ adsorptive separation at 25–100 °C and 1 bar (corresponding to an NH₃ partial pressure of ∼1000–5000 Pa). Monte Carlo simulation and temperature-programmed analysis are employed to clarify the crucial role of functional groups on the pore surface and shape of Al-based MOFs and their effects on NH₃ interactions. This approach focuses on specific surface areas, which contrasts with traditional approaches. Among these Al-based MOFs, CAU-10-OH composed of octahedral Al species linked to 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid exhibit high NH₃ adsorption capacity (3.6–1.8 mmol <em>g</em>⁻¹) at 25–100 °C and stability over 15 adsorption–desorption cycles (∼180 h). This performance is comparable to that of microporous ZSM-5 zeolitic materials and significantly exceeds that of silica and activated carbon. NH₃ adsorption and desorption heat (60 kJ mol⁻¹) on CAU-10-OH with hydroxyl groups located in cage-like pores (2.41 Å) are suitable for low-concentration, ambient-temperature NH₃ separation. Integrating CAU-10-OH at 25 °C downstream of Ru-catalyzed mild NH₃ synthesis exhibits rapid NH₃ adsorption, proving its practical efficacy for synthesis and separation under mild conditions. The proposed method can potentially enhance energy efficiency and reduce capital costs by minimizing processing steps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 567-581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors contributing to reduced photocatalytic activity in Cu-loaded TiO2/activated carbon composites for methylene blue degradation","authors":"Nur Karimah ,&nbsp;Risna Citra Andiani ,&nbsp;Wahyu Prasetyo Utomo ,&nbsp;Ade Irma Rozafia ,&nbsp;Nor Farida ,&nbsp;Afifah Rosyidah ,&nbsp;Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Qili Xu ,&nbsp;Djoko Hartanto","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiO₂ is a semiconductor widely used in photocatalytic applications due to its excellent chemical stability, yet it has a low surface area. Incorporating TiO₂ on the surface of activated carbon via a hydrothermal process could enlarge its surface area, and therefore the photocatalytic activity. Theoretically, metal deposition on the surface of TiO₂ could create a Schottky junction, which suppresses charge recombination and enhances photocatalytic activity. Herein, we report Cu deposition on the surface of TiO₂ anchored on activated carbon (Cu-TiO₂/AC) for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. The Cu was deposited by a photodeposition process under UV irradiation. In contrast to the conventional hypothesis, that the Cu deposition on TiO₂/AC could exhibit an enhanced photocatalytic activity, our current result shows that the material exhibits a decrease in photocatalytic activity compared to the pristine TiO₂/AC. The same trend was also observed in other TiO₂ samples with different morphology upon Cu photodeposition. The decrease in photocatalytic activity could be correlated with the size of Cu nanoparticles and the oxidation state of Cu species. The photodeposition typically produces a relatively large Cu nanoparticle, which may serve as the recombination center for the charge carriers. Moreover, the existence of Cu⁺ and Cu²⁺ species, in addition to Cu⁰, could consume the transferred e^- from TiO₂, decreasing the e^- efficiency. This work implies that ensuring the small particle size and the existence of monovalent Cu⁰ species are critical factors for using Cu as a co-catalyst in photocatalyst materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 582-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of cold plasma technology for microalgae removal","authors":"Ali Mohammad Tanzooei ,&nbsp;Javad Karimi","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae play a dual role in aquatic ecosystems, serving as crucial oxygen producers and carbon fixers while also posing significant environmental and public health risks when they grow excessively due to nutrient enrichment. Conventional physical, chemical, and biological methods for controlling harmful algal blooms (HABs) often face limitations such as high operational costs, incomplete removal, environmental toxicity, and the generation of secondary pollutants. This review explores the potential of cold plasma technology as an innovative, eco-friendly, and efficient approach for the removal of microalgae from water systems. Cold plasma generates a variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) that cause oxidative stress, disrupt cell membranes, and ultimately lead to algal cell death and degradation. Various plasma systems—including dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), corona, arc, and glow discharge—have been evaluated for their effectiveness in inactivating microalgal species through both direct cell damage and nutrient depletion. Comparative studies highlight cold plasma's advantages over traditional methods, such as its chemical-free nature, scalability, energy efficiency, and rapid disinfection capabilities. Despite some challenges in cost and reactor complexity, advancements in plasma reactor design, integration with other treatment methods like photocatalysis and membrane filtration, and the development of hybrid and mobile plasma units demonstrate its growing applicability. The review concludes that cold plasma holds significant promise as a sustainable solution for microalgae control and broader water purification needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 519-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of eco-friendly polymer composites from leather wastes","authors":"Sanjida Khan ,&nbsp;Md. Sahadat Hossain ,&nbsp;Mohammad Al Shahriar Khan ,&nbsp;Afrin Rahman Akhi ,&nbsp;Md. Farhad Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large amount of hazardous waste generated by tannery industries, particularly waste leather fibers like buffing dust and trimming waste, is a big concern for a green environment. The utilization of waste leather fibers in composite fabrication can be an effective way to subside environmental pollution. On the other hand, the quantity of synthetic polymer is increasing day by day, which is a great obstacle in the way of a clean and sustainable environment. The aim of this research is proper recycling of this leather waste as well as decreasing the use of synthetic polymer. In this research, waste leather fibers such as buffing dust and trimming dust were used as a reinforcing material and unsaturated polyester resin and epoxy resin as a polymeric matrix for composite fabrication by hand lay-up technique. Different percentages of leather fibers were added to the matrix material to significantly improve its physical and mechanical properties. This study represented that among all the fabricated composites, 10 % BD/UPR reinforced composite showed the highest enhancement of mechanical properties. This research successfully utilized waste leather fibers to fabricate cost effective composites which lessened environmental pollution. The highest values of TS and TM were achieved for optimal composite, which are 24.89 N/mm² and 1336.46 N/mm², respectively, which were 40 % and 167.38 % higher than the control sample. The water absorption behavior of the fabricated composites was evaluated by the water uptake test. To observe the stability temperature of the prepared composites, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test was conducted up to 700°C. The FTIR was conducted for the functional group analysis of the fabricated composites. To observe the leather fiber-matrix adhesion, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out. To sum up, the prepared composites showed improved mechanical properties suitable for commercial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 461-469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synthesis of lanthanum chloride powder from Indonesian Rare earth hydroxide","authors":"Muzakky ,&nbsp;Suyanti ,&nbsp;Didik Krisdiyanto ,&nbsp;Ade Mulyawan ,&nbsp;Devi Swasti Prabasiwi ,&nbsp;Seta Ayu Ningtyas ,&nbsp;Herry Poernomo ,&nbsp;Moch. Setyadji","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of Lanthanum chloride (LaCl₃) has recently attracted researchers in various fields such as process chemistry, application physics, and environmental conservation. The present work reports the synthesis of Lanthanum chloride from Indonesian Rare earth hydroxide (REOH). The REOH used in this study is an early-processed product of monazite minerals from Indonesian resources, thus making it a homemade product. The synthesis process of LaCl₃ from REOH began with the synthesis of La-oxalate, which calcined at 1000°C to form La₂O₃. Then, the La₂O₃ was reacted with NH₄Cl to synthesize LaOCl at 1000^оC for 5 hours, with a mol ratio of 1:60. The further chlorination process of LaOCl with HCl was done to synthesize LaCl₃ which took 3 hours of contact time. The FTIR and XRD spectrum of the final product of LaCl₃ synthesis has appeared similar to LaCl₃ from the commercial product. The XRF analysis shows that the lanthanum content in the LaCl₃ synthesis product is 50,856 % while in the commercial product is 48,058 %. Thus, the synthesis product of this study has identical specification with commercial product.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 494-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis, characterization of silver-doped manganese oxide nanocomposites using Rumex Nervosus Vahl leaf extract and its antibacterial activity","authors":"Mihret Kendie,&nbsp;Bidir Kassaw,&nbsp;Tadesse Bizuayehu","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The alarming escalation of multidrug-resistant bacteria represents a critical global health challenge, demanding innovative antimicrobial solutions. Silver manganese oxide (Ag–MnO) nanocomposites were biosynthesized from silver nitrate and manganese sulphate using an eco-friendly and cost-effective method, assisted by hydroalcoholic leaf extract of <em>Rumex Nervosus Vahl</em>. The successful synthesis of Ag-MnO nanocomposites was confirmed using spectroscopic (UV–Vis and FT–IR), structural (XRD), and thermal (TGA/DTA) analyses. The surface plasmon resonance peak observed at 402.89 nm from UV–Viss afirms the formation of Ag–MnO nanocomposites. In FT-IR spectral shift indicates the effective chelating ability of the plant extract for the synthesizing of Ag–MnO nanocomposites. XRD analysis revealed an average crystallite size of 29.73 nm, confirming the material’s nanoscale crystalline nature, and the TGA/DTA analysis confirmed that the synthesized nanocomposites were stable at high temperatures. The nanocomposites showed notable antibacterial activity, with a greater effect against Gram-negative than Gram-positive bacteria, as demonstrated by the disc diffusion method. These results indicate that Ag–MnO nanocomposites hold strong potential as alternative agents for combating drug-resistant infections, with promising applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 484-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency and accuracy comparison of machine learning algorithms for predicting US energy consumption across sectors","authors":"Seyed Matin Malakouti,&nbsp;Mohammad Bagher Menhaj,&nbsp;Amir Abolfazl Suratgar","doi":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajce.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study uses machine learning algorithms to predict energy consumption across the United States's critical sectors (commercial, residential, transportation, and industrial). The Ridge algorithm emerged as the most accurate and efficient in predicting energy consumption, outperforming other algorithms such as Lasso Regression, Elastic Net, Extra Tree, Random Forest, K Neighbors, and Orthogonal Matching Pursuit. The study employed data collection, feature engineering, model training, and evaluation based on metrics like MAPE, RMSLE, RMSE, MSE, and MAE, alongside speed evaluations. Key findings highlight the superior performance of the Ridge algorithm across residential, industrial, and commercial sectors in terms of accuracy (low MSE values) and computational efficiency. Additionally, the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit algorithm showed promise in predicting energy consumption in the transportation sector. These results provide valuable insights for energy management strategies, emphasizing the importance of accurate energy consumption predictions in effective power distribution and outage risk reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21926,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 424-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}