South African Journal of Botany最新文献

{"title":"Purification of α-amyrin-acetate and phenylpropanoïd compounds from Ficus umbellata Vahl (Moraceae) stem bark and evaluation of their anti-breast cancer potential","authors":"Kevine Kamga Silihe ,&nbsp;Stephane Zingue ,&nbsp;Mariamawit Yonathan Yeshak ,&nbsp;Daniel Bisrat ,&nbsp;Douglas Kemboi ,&nbsp;Karen Bräutigam ,&nbsp;Achim Rody ,&nbsp;Thomas Michel ,&nbsp;Kaleab Asres ,&nbsp;Dieudonne Njamen ,&nbsp;Anupam Bishayee ,&nbsp;Frank Köster","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Ficus umbellata</em> Vahl is one of the plants used in Cameroonian empirical system to treat cancer. Previous studies have shown its cytotoxic potential on mammary and ovarian cancer cells, and its chemopreventive potential against ovarian cancer in rats. The aim of this work was to determine the bioactive constituents of <em>F. umbellata</em> Vahl and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of action of the promising one.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>F. umbellata</em> stem bark extract was partitioned and bioguided-fractionation was performed using MTS assay on breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and ovarian (Hey, Hey-Cis, PA-1 and OAW-42) cancer cell lines. Further, isolates were purified, characterized and tested. The most active compound was investigated on cell growth, cell proliferation, formation of clones, cell death mechanisms, caspase-3 activity, wound healing, chemotaxis and cell adhesion. Moreover, the expression of proteins related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis and MAP-kinase were also measured using Western blot.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of the 4 isolates, C1 (α-amyrin-acetate) had significant cytotoxic potential on MDA-MB-231 (∼10 μg/mL), Hey-Cis (10.59) and PA-1 (13.18 μg/mL). Further, it reduced MDA-MB 231 cell growth (<em>p</em> ˂ 0.01) and proliferation (<em>p</em> ˂ 0.05), as well as clone formation (<em>p</em> ˂0.001) at 10 µg/mL. C1 increased the number of apoptotic cells by 50 % at 5 µg/mL and 65 % at 10 µg/mL, accompanied by an increase (<em>p</em> ˂ 0.05) in caspase-3 activity. It inhibited cell migration/invasion (<em>p</em> ˂ 0.01) and increased their adherence to collagen and fibronectin. It promoted the cleavage of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, increased E-cadherin, and significantly (<em>p</em> ˂ 0.01) inhibited both vimentin and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated activation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In sum α-amyrin-acetate is at least partly responsible for <em>F. umbellata</em> cytotoxic effect mediated through proapoptotic response and protection against Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 445-456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and anti-breast cancer activities, GC–MS profiling, molecular docking and pharmacokinetic studies of nutritious white kidney beans","authors":"Pallavi B Jadhav,&nbsp;Hemlata J Bhosale,&nbsp;Shailesh V Mamdapure,&nbsp;Sunil B Jadhav","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White kidney beans (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.), a type of common bean, are very noteworthy due to their distinct biological activity and great nutritional value. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of bean extracts in eliminating bacterial uropathogens, finding the active components of beans, and the potential of their chloroform extract to combat the protein Er-α found in breast cancer cells. Bean extracts with acetone, chloroform, and ethyl acetate showed higher antibacterial action than other extracts against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (MIC, 64 µg/ml), while methanol and acetone extracts were more effective against <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (MIC, 8 µg/ml), and methanol extract was more inhibitory to <em>Escherichia coli</em> (MIC, 16 µg/ml). The chloroform extract was found to be cytotoxic in MCF-7 cells, with a CC₅₀ value of 3.849 µg/ml based on the MTT experiment. The GC–MS analysis of chloroform extract revealed 17 compounds, with lupeol, 8-pentadecanol, and 2-butoxyethyl oleate being key elements. Molecular docking investigations show that lupeol has a binding affinity of −10.5 Kcal/mol and a stronger interaction with Er-α than 8-pentadecanol and 2-butoxyethyl oleate. The <em>in silico</em> pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of chosen substances were evaluated using Swiss ADME and admetSAR, and lupeol was found to be satisfactory. Lupeol exhibited a higher Pa score (0.799) for breast cancer prevention than doxorubicin, 2-butoxyethyl oleate, or 8-pentadecanol. The current study indicated the antibacterial importance of methanol and chloroform extracts of <em>P. vulgaris</em> seeds as well as the importance of lupeol from chloroform extract as a potential treatment for breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex situ conservation of Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume via in vitro regeneration using DKW medium","authors":"S Leo Arockia Raj,&nbsp;P Charles,&nbsp;S Dennis,&nbsp;Antoine Lebel,&nbsp;Ravindhran. R","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An accurate concentration of growth hormones in the medium is essential for successful tissue culture experiments in tree species. This study evaluated the efficacy of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) in Driver-Kuniyaki-Walnut (DKW) medium for callus induction and <em>Elaeocarpus angustifolius</em> Blume plant regeneration. Leaves from three-year-old sapling were inoculated onto DKW medium supplemented with 2-4D, NAA and Kin (0.5 mg L^-1 – 4 mg L^-1) for callus initiation. The optimal concentration for initiating callus was found to be 2 mg L^-1 of 2, 4-D. The DKW medium supplemented with 2 mg L^-1 Kinetin (Kin) showed the highest shoot regeneration frequency (91%) and an average of 21.2±1.93 shoots per explant and shoot length of 3.8±0.92cm. For rooting, a 1/2-strength DKW medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (2.5 mg L^-1) had maximum rooting frequency (83%) with an average of 3.2<span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>0.42 cm roots per explant and root length of 2.82<span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>1.02cm. A survival rate of 98% was achieved once <em>in vitro</em> regenerated plantlets were acclimated to field conditions. Three markers such as RAPD, ISSR, and SSR were used to confirm the genetic fidelity of the plantlets. The <em>in vitro</em>-raised clones were found to be true-to-type as all bands from the <em>in vitro</em> regenerated plants were monomorphic and identical to those of the <em>in vivo</em> plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 510-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical marvels: Solanum nigrum's journey from plant to diabetes treatment","authors":"Priyanka Paul ,&nbsp;Raj Kamal ,&nbsp;Aman Rai ,&nbsp;Ankit Awasthi ,&nbsp;Rohit Bhatia","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. It can be potentially managed by several medicinal plants. Extracts of <em>S. nigrum</em> have demonstrated various beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and liver-protective effects, and have improved glycemic control. This review discusses the therapeutic potential of <em>S. nigrum</em> for diabetes and various targeted signaling pathways of <em>S. nigrum</em> as well as biosynthesis of two phytoconstituents. Additionally, it also covers the various isolation and extraction methods and different analytical methods for the identification of isolated compounds. Furthermore, various studies reported so far for the management of DM are also discussed along with the different nanoformulations of <em>S. nigrum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 561-571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methyl jasmonate elicitation improved growth, antioxidant enzymes, and artemisinin content in in vitro callus cultures of Artemisia maritima L.","authors":"Neelofer Nabi ,&nbsp;Seema Singh ,&nbsp;Peer Saffeullah","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, callus cultures of <em>Artemisia maritima</em> L. were established through optimization of culture conditions and subsequently elicited with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to test for enhanced artemisinin production. The callus was cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L⁻¹ kinetin (KN) and 1.0 mg L⁻¹ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). MeJA at concentrations of 0, 50, 75, and 100 µM was employed as an abiotic elicitor to enhance artemisinin content in <em>in vitro</em>-derived callus cultures. The elicitor-mediated changes in callus growth, biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and artemisinin content were evaluated. Maximum callus proliferation was obtained on stem explant fortified with KN and NAA (each 1.0 mg L⁻¹) yielding 4.095 g of callus biomass after 4 weeks of inoculation. Antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase) activity increased with increasing MeJA concentration and duration of elicitation and was found to maximum at 100 µM after 21 days of elicitation. . The artemisinin content was quantified in callus cultures by HPTLC and later validated by LCMS analysis. Artemisinin content depicted a significant enhancement in all tested cultures elicited with MeJA, as compared to non-elicited (control) and wild-grown plant. The artemisinin content increased with increasing MeJA treatments and was maximum (780.36 ng g⁻¹ d.w.) in MeJA (100 µM) treated cultures as revealed by HPTLC. The study suggests MeJA elicitation as an effective strategy to expedite the production of artemisinin in <em>in vitro</em> cultures of <em>A. maritima</em>, an under-utilized species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 729-741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro and in-vivo assessments of greenly synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles from Cascabela thevetia plant extract for the treatment of ventricular septal defect","authors":"Amina Abid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naveed ,&nbsp;Tariq Aziz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aqib Shabbir ,&nbsp;Hira Mubeen ,&nbsp;Ayaz Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Abdullah F Alsmari","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nanotechnology holds great potential in personalized medicine and provides innovative approaches for health challenges such as cancer treatment, infectious diseases, and regenerative medicine. Potentially, greenly synthesized Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles from &lt;em&gt;Cascabela thevetia&lt;/em&gt; can be widely applied in various biomedical applications. The cardiac glycosides present in &lt;em&gt;C.thevetia&lt;/em&gt; enhance the therapeutic value, showing synergy between nanotechnology and phytochemical properties from nature toward biomedical development. This study highlights the in-vitro and in-vivo efficacy of green-synthesized Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles from &lt;em&gt;C.thevetia&lt;/em&gt; plant extract for the treatment of Ventricular septal defect. The methodology of study demonstrates that the plant sample of &lt;em&gt;C.thevetia&lt;/em&gt; was collected from the botanical garden of the University of Punjab, Lahore, stored in a polythene bag, and sent to the Biotechnology lab of the University of Central Punjab for further experimentation. The plant leaves were properly washed with distilled water and shed-dried for 1 week then an extract of the plant was prepared using standard protocol. In-vivo studies were performed using the &lt;em&gt;albino&lt;/em&gt; rats model to determine the efficacy of synthesized nanoparticles. Plant extract and FeCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; were mixed using 25 mM of 1:9 concentration to synthesize Fe3O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles using ecofriendly methods. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), SEM, and UV–visible spectroscopy were performed to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. Furthermore, Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;NPs (Magnetite) were confirmed using UV visible spectroscopy value range and EDX analysis thus, subjected for their hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties using in vitro biological studies. The results proved an optimized synthesis of the Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles with a size of 47 nm analyzed by SEM and size calculated by Image J software. The particle size distribution graph was conducted using Originpro software. The antioxidant activity confirmed 96 % of DPPH inhibition and the anti-inflammatory activity confirmed the 70 % inhibition of egg albumin protein. Additionally, the anti-diabetic activity confirmed the 85 % inhibition of alpha-amylase, and hemolytic peptide activity was confirmed by 93 % inhibition. In-vivo studies revealed that rat's heart slightly treated cardiac morphology with no observation of ventricular septal defect considered the therapeutic potential of synthesized Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles confirmed by gross examination. Future studies include the performance of detailed cytotoxicity assays on selected cell types, the assessment of green synthesis scalability, and extended in-vivo safety. Each of these steps is intended to improve the nanoparticles for practical usability, and their sustainability in the healthcare industrie","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 363-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary comparison of the short cell phytoliths from Zea mays, Pennisetum glaucum, and Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor leaves","authors":"Tanya Hattingh ,&nbsp;Marion K. Bamford ,&nbsp;Maria H. Schoeman","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While numerous studies have investigated the phytoliths produced by maize (<em>Zea mays</em>), an exotic crop introduced into southern Africa during the Columbian exchange (1492–1800), our research has the potential to impact the field significantly. No previous study has been published on whether maize phytoliths can be differentiated from those created by wild and domesticated plants from southern Africa. This research is crucial in understanding whether maize phytoliths can be used as a proxy for crop usage at archaeological sites in southern Africa. In this paper, we present the results of our analysis of the leaf phytoliths of landraces/cultivars of African domesticates, specifically pearl millet (<em>Pennisetum glaucum</em>) and sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> subsp. <em>bicolor</em>)<em>,</em> and exotic crops, namely maize<em>.</em> We explore the similarities, and differences between the short cell phytoliths produced by these crops and the wild southern African grasses closely related to them. Our data show that based on size, variant 1 cross phytoliths can be used to distinguish between maize, the African grain crops used by pre-colonial farming communities and the wild southern African grasses related to them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 457-471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring genetic diversity in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) populations using SSR markers","authors":"Bunty Shylla ,&nbsp;Dharam Paul Sharma ,&nbsp;Anil Handa ,&nbsp;Manisha Thakur ,&nbsp;Pooja Sharma ,&nbsp;Narender Negi","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genetic diversity of apricot (<em>Prunus armeniaca</em> L.) germplasm in mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh was investigated using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. Apricot, a fruit-bearing tree known for its high nutritional value, requires genetic diversity analysis for effective breeding and conservation efforts. Molecular characterization using 46 SSR markers produced a total of 974 alleles with an average of 33.59 alleles per locus and PIC values ranging from 0.16 to 0.50, indicating a high level of polymorphism. PCR products of 15 indigenous collections and ‘Shakarpara’ revealed unique bands that were sequenced and subjected to BLAST, showing a high degree of homology with <em>Prunus dulcis.</em> A high quality reference genome for apricot is still unavailable, thereby limiting the elucidation of phenotypic associations with genetic background. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity of apricot germplasm, crucial for sustainable breeding strategies, and need for integrating advanced genomic tools to further elucidate the genetic architecture of apricot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 50-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auxin-like potential of essential oils in strawberry micropropagation: A sustainable approach to root induction and photosynthetic performance","authors":"Rym Chaouch ,&nbsp;Sihem Soufi ,&nbsp;Zayneb Kthiri ,&nbsp;Taoufik Bettaieb","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to establish an efficient <em>in vitro</em> plant rooting for strawberry using essential oils (EOs) as substitutes for growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. EOs from <em>Thymus capitatus</em> and <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em>. The major components were carvacrol (33.78 %) and δ-terpinene (23.55 %) for T. capitatus, and 1,8-cineole (17.02 %), α-pinene (13.98 %), and camphor (12.11 %) for R. officinalis. Micro-shoots were transferred to MS auxin-free, with various concentrations of thyme (TEO) and rosemary EO (REO) to determine optimal concentrations for rooting. During the acclimatization, photosynthetic performance was assessed using the MultispeQ sensor, focusing on Maximum Quantum Efficiency of Photosystem II (FV/FM), Linear Electron Flow (LEF), and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR). Results were compared to those obtained with exogenous indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) during the rooting stage. All treatments successfully induced root formation, indicating that IBA is not essential for root induction. The most effective rooting was achieved with REO at 100 ppm and TEO at 10 ppm after 30 days. Plants acclimatized with REO at 100 ppm exhibited the highest growth rate and optimal PSII performance, indicating superior plant health and survival. Both EOs are promising for providing sustainable alternatives to reduce reliance on chemical substances, particularly during the critical rooting phase in the micropropagation of edible crops such as strawberry. REO shows potential to mimic growth hormones like IBA and even cytokinin, stimulating auxiliary shoot growth and possibly reducing genetic instability, making it a promising area for future tissue culture research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 352-362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functions of boron in plant roots: Current insights","authors":"Aakriti Srivastava ,&nbsp;Monika Thakur ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Pandey ,&nbsp;Chitranjan Kumar ,&nbsp;Shivesh Sharma ,&nbsp;Rupesh Deshmukh ,&nbsp;Anket Sharma ,&nbsp;Vijay Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Durgesh Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.07.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.07.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most important components in achieving increased crop productivity is a balanced supply of necessary macro- and micronutrients. Among the various nutrients Boron (B) is recognised as a vital nutrient for the plant's life. however, inadequate availability of B can affect root development, nitrogen absorption, the integrity and function of cell walls and ultimately reduce the crop yield. Over 90 % of B in plants is found in cell wall, signifying its relevance in the growth and development of the root system. Since B is crucial for indispensable plant processes, it is a necessary constituent of rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), acting as a binding component in the cell wall, and as a result, it maintains membrane integrity, the indole acetic acid pathway, and cell wall synthesis. Therefore, this review aimed to assemble the novel information's of the function of boron in roots of the plant, deficiency symptoms, and the mechanisms of abiotic stresses management etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}