South African Journal of Botany最新文献

{"title":"Identification of PFN2 as an Epimedii Folium flavonoid brain target by mass spectrometry in conjunction with DRATS","authors":"Cuihua Chen ,&nbsp;Ling Gu ,&nbsp;Lisi Zou ,&nbsp;Xunhong Liu ,&nbsp;Feiyan Chen ,&nbsp;Chunyan Ou ,&nbsp;Dandan Wang ,&nbsp;Weiqi Wei ,&nbsp;Yunan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epimeriid Folium (EF), a traditional and commonly used Chinese medicinal herb, is known to have effects on attenuating cognitive deficits in neurogenerative diseases. As the main bioactive component of EF, flavonoids’ protein targets have not been fully understood. Moreover, no comprehensive examination of flavonoid-related protein targets in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)—a state that falls between dementia and normal aging—has been documented. In this study, a laser confocal inverted microscope was utilized to localize flavonoids in the leaf tissue of <em>Epimedium brevicornu</em> Maxim. species. UPLC-Triple TOF-MS and UPLC-QTRAP-MS was performed to qualitatively and quantitatively identify the flavonoids in EF. The candidate protein targets of EF flavonoids (EFF) in brain tissues were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based drug affinity responsive target stability (MS-DARTS). The shared targets of MS-DARTS and databases were conducted GO and KEGG analysis. Finally, molecular docking and biolayer interferometry (BLI) was used to preliminary validate the potential targets. Results showed that flavonoids were mainly distributed in the collenchyma and epidermal cells. EFF was analyzed, revealing that 22 compounds accounted for 88.54 % of the EF extract. The primary compounds identified were icariin (28.32 %) and icariside II (27.27 %). A total of 67 flavonoid-related protein targets were found by MS-DARTS, of which 45 overlapped with databases for MCI. Profilin 2(PFN2) was found exclusively in the EFF group and was observed at the maximum abundance. Molecular docking and BLI demonstrated a strong interaction between PFN2 and the primary compounds, suggesting that PFN2 is a target for the main component, icariside II. Taken together, our research uncovered the components and possible targets of EFF, highlighting PFN2 as a promising therapeutic target for EFF. This discovery enables us to address cognitive decline in clinical environments and establishes a basis for further studies on other traditional Chinese medicinal substances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 26-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic exploration of BPA-induced hepatotoxicity and the therapeutic potential of Kedrostis foetidissima: A network pharmacology and molecular docking study incorporating in silico and in vitro approach","authors":"Doveit Antony Charles,&nbsp;Sabina Evan Prince","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The liver, a vital organ in human physiology, performs critical functions like metabolism, detoxification, and bile synthesis. Modern lifestyles expose individuals to diverse environmental pollutants, including Bisphenol A, a ubiquitous chemical present in various plastics and even detected in aquatic environments and landfills. <em>Kedrostis foetidissima</em>, a traditional medicinal plant used by tribes in southern India, has limited pre-clinical data available regarding its therapeutic potential. This study aims to integrate <em>in silico</em> and <em>in vitro</em> methodologies to assess the mechanism of BPA-induced hepatotoxicity and the therapeutic potential of <em>K. foetidissima</em> through network pharmacology and molecular docking. We employed diverse <em>in vitro</em> assays, including antioxidant activity determination using polar solvents. GC–MS and LC-QTOF-MS were used to characterize the phytochemicals present in <em>K. foetidissima</em>. Network pharmacology and molecular docking platforms were then utilized to comprehensively understand the correlation between the extract's phytochemical composition and key genetic factors implicated in BPA toxicity. Our findings revealed that the methanolic extract exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity. GC–MS and LC-QTOF-MS analysis identified and characterized the constituents present in the methanolic extract. <em>In silico</em> investigations identified hub genes involved in BPA toxicity, and molecular docking shows the better phytochemical constituent for <em>K. foetidissima</em> therapeutic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 265-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro plant regeneration, callus suspension culture, and production of bioactive metabolites in dong quai (Angelica sinensis)","authors":"Phung Thi Bich Hoa ,&nbsp;Nguyen Hoang Phuc ,&nbsp;Ho Ngoc Phu ,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Hoai Nam ,&nbsp;Le Nguyen Minh Thu ,&nbsp;Le Thi Ha Thanh ,&nbsp;Nguyen Hoang Loc","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dong quai (<em>Angelica sinensis</em>), a valuable herb species of the Umbelliferae family, is used in traditional medicine in Asian countries. Modern studies indicate its hematopoietic, immunoregulatory, anticancer, antioxidative, and hepatoprotective properties, as well as its ability to promote bone cell proliferation and protect healthy tissues. The present study identified a suitable explant and culture medium, achieving high <em>in vitro</em> propagation efficiency, characterized by a 99 % shoot regeneration rate, an average of 13.80 shoots per sample with a length of 5.40 cm, and a 90 % rooting rate, yielding 29.25 roots per sample after 4 weeks of culture. Hypocotyl was shown to be the most suitable tissue type for callus induction, achieving 80 % efficiency and producing a callus fresh weight of 0.97 g. However, petiole-derived callus exhibited the highest growth rate (2.05) and accumulated a fresh biomass of approximately 62.40 g/L in suspension culture. Furthermore, this callus exhibited higher levels of bioactive compounds, including ferulic acid (1.13–21.74 mg/g DW), polysaccharides (91.11–120.74 mg/g DW), total flavonoids (2.20–4.45 mg CE/g DW), and total phenolic compounds (15.54–36.25 mg GAE/g DW), as well as greater antioxidant activities (DPPH with an IC₅₀ of 27.59–59.89 mg/mL and FRAP of 14.11–19.44 μmol Fe²⁺/g DW) compared to other tested callus types (hypocotyl, leaf, and root) and the 4-month-old natural root control. The results of this study highlight the potential of petiole-derived callus suspension cultures of dong quai for the production of bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical applications, particularly polysaccharides. Furthermore, the study also demonstrates the efficiency of micropropagation of dong quai from <em>in vitro</em> seedling-derived shoots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 193-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable ultrasound-assisted extraction approach for baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) fruit: Optimization, bioactive contents, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial activity","authors":"Bilge Taşkin ,&nbsp;Zeynep Aksoylu Özbek ,&nbsp;Tuba Aydin ,&nbsp;Tülay Öncü Öner ,&nbsp;Alev Yüksel Aydar","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interest of consumers in baobab products has been growing due to the exceptional phytochemical profile, bioactivity, and health effects of baobab. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum conditions for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to obtain bioactive-rich baobab fruit extracts using water in the context of green and sustainable chemistry. The ultrasound amplitude (40–100 %), organic baobab fruit pulp (OBFP) concentration (5–15 %, w/v), and ultrasonication time (5–15 min) were selected as independent variables. The predicted optimal conditions were 92.72 % ultrasound amplitude, 11.49 % OBFP, and 15 min of ultrasonication. Under these extraction conditions, total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), ascorbic acid content (AAC), DPPH-radical scavenging activity, and CIE <em>a*</em> and <em>b*</em> values were 2432.85 mg GAE/100 g, 7412.49 mg CE/100 g, 229.17 mg/100 g, 35.47 %, 4.85, and 14.78, respectively. The growth of <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was inhibited by the optimized extract at 6.25 mg/mL as the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). The extract reduced the cell viability in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while it did not have toxicity against HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells. The obtained extract can be used as a natural thickener in various foods where high viscosity is desired.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 229-242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-tongued fly pollination of the vomit-scented Crassula peploides (Crassulaceae) in the southern African Drakensberg Mountains","authors":"N.O. Modise ,&nbsp;R.J. Cozien ,&nbsp;K. Jordaens ,&nbsp;A. Shuttleworth ,&nbsp;T. van der Niet","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saprophilous flies are frequent floral visitors, and growing evidence indicates that they play an important role as pollinators, especially at high elevation. Saprophilous fly pollination is often associated with foul-smelling flowers, but this has hitherto only been documented in a relatively limited number of plant families. We studied the pollination and floral traits of <em>Crassula peploides</em> (Crassulaceae), a species with vomit-scented flowers, at two sites in the Drakensberg Mountains of South Africa. Visitor observations and assessment of pollen loads revealed almost exclusive pollination by short-tongued flies (Diptera), primarily of the families Sarcophagidae, Tachinidae, and Muscidae, although pollinator assemblages varied between sites and seasons. Floral scent analysis using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry showed that the odour of <em>C. peploides</em> is dominated by low molecular-weight acids, particularly butanoic and isovaleric acid, key compounds that characterize the smell of vomit and sweaty feet, respectively. Quantification of floral colour in a fly vision model indicated that petal tips, pollen and sepals contrast with petal bases, ovaries and the background gravel substrate, and may thus also function in pollinator attraction. Flies were consistently observed probing floral surfaces with their mouthparts when visiting flowers, and the presence of nectar, albeit in small quantities with low sugar concentration, was confirmed. These results provide the first evidence of functional specialization for pollination by short-tongued flies in Crassulaceae and suggest a role for the foul acid-dominated floral scent in pollinator attraction. Similarities between flowers of <em>C. peploides</em> and other fly-pollinated species in the Drakensberg Mountains suggest the presence of a guild of plants with relatively small, unpleasant-smelling, pale-coloured flowers and an important role for short-tongued flies as pollinators in this high-elevation region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 218-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of heavy metal contamination on growth, Bacoside A production, and biochemical processes in Bacopa monnieri: Implications for herbal medicine quality","authors":"Anshu Srivastava ,&nbsp;Samriti Rana ,&nbsp;Neeta Shrivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicinal and aromatic plants, such as <em>Bacopa monnieri</em>, are essential for healthcare and biodiversity. However, heavy metal (HM) contamination from industrial, agricultural, and mining activities affects their growth and therapeutic properties by altering metabolic pathways and secondary metabolite production. Since some HMs act as micronutrients, their imbalance can significantly impact plant health and medicinal quality. This study examined the effects of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) contamination on <em>B. monnieri</em> explants, which were cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium with varying concentrations of these metals. After 10 weeks, regenerated shoots were analyzed for chlorophyll, protein, antioxidative enzymes, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, total phenolics, and Bacoside A content. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results of the study indicate that altered HM concentrations significantly affected plant growth (shoot number, fresh and dry weight), biochemical responses (lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes), and the production of Bacoside A, a key therapeutic compound. Compared to the control (0.535 ± 0.005 % w/w), Bacoside A levels were lowest under Cu deficiency (0.176 ± 0.007 % w/w), followed by Mn (0.271 ± 0.005 % w/w) and Zn (0.459 ± 0.009 % w/w) deficiencies. The study demonstrates the crucial role of trace element balance secondary metabolite synthesis, directly influencing the therapeutic quality of medicinal plants. Both deficiencies and excesses of HMs disrupt these processes, reducing medicinal efficacy. To ensure the production of high-quality herbal medicines, controlled cultivation practices with optimized metal concentrations are essential. This study highlights the importance of monitoring and managing HM levels in medicinal plant cultivation for enhanced therapeutic value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A taxonomic revision of the twelve-scaled species of Struthiola (Thymelaeaceae: Thymelaeoideae): the Struthiola mundii group","authors":"T.C. Makhoba ,&nbsp;J.S. Boatwright ,&nbsp;A.R. Magee ,&nbsp;J.C. Manning","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A taxonomic treatment of the <em>Struthiola mundii</em> group (Thymelaeaceae: Thymelaeoideae) is presented. This group of species is distinguished by the presence of 12 petaloid scales in the mouth of the hypanthium. We recognize seven species in the group, viz. <em>S. argentea</em> Lehm., <em>S. dodecapetala</em> Bartl. ex Meisn.<em>, S. fasciata</em> C.H.Wright, <em>S. martiana</em> Meisn., <em>S. mundii</em> Eckl. ex Meisn., <em>S. rigida</em> Meisn. and <em>S. tomentosa</em> Andrews. Five species and three varieties are reduced to synonymy. <em>Struthiola bachmanniana</em> Gilg remains insufficiently known as we were unable to locate the type. In addition, we designated 11 lectotypes and one neotype. Descriptions, complete nomenclature and typifications, illustrations and geographical distribution of the species are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 202-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic and anti-migration effects of cardiac glycosides from Gomphocarpus fruticosus and Kanahia laniflora on hepatocellular carcinoma; LC-MS/MS profiling, in vitro bioassay and molecular docking study","authors":"Helmi A. Mokbel ,&nbsp;Seham S. El Hawary ,&nbsp;Rasha M. Allam ,&nbsp;Ahmed H. Eldesoky ,&nbsp;Ali M. El-Halawany ,&nbsp;Amira K. El-Motayam","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive tumors, having a high incidence and mortality rate globally. This study investigated the anticancer effects of <em>Gomphocarpus fruticosus</em> (L.) Ait and <em>Kanahia laniflora</em> (Forsk.) Schum. against HCC using HepG2 cells <em>in vitro</em>. Apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were assessed by flow cytometry to investigate the possible mechanism of action. In addition, antimigratory activity was evaluated by scratch/wound healing assay. <em>G. fruticosus</em> and <em>K. laniflora</em>. significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) suppressed the growth of HepG2, with IC₅₀ values of 0.07 µg/ml and 0.77 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, both plants induced S- and G2/M phases arrest while promoting apoptosis. Besides, they markedly reduced the migration of HepG2 cells. LC-MS/MS study revealed the tentative identification of sixty-six and twenty-three chemical compounds in <em>G. fruticosus</em> and <em>K. laniflora</em>, respectively, including diverse classes of phytochemicals. Ten of these compounds were found in both species. A docking study was carried out to investigate the binding potency and mechanism of cardenolides in both plants to Na+, <em>K</em>+-ATPase pump as a target for apoptosis in cancer cells. Generally, compared to common cardenolides, the dioxane doubly linked cardenolide glycosides have more potent inhibition on Na+,<em>K</em>+-ATPase. Finally, the compounds, hydroxyfrugoside (20), 3′-Epi-19-oxo-5,6-didehydrogomphoside-3′O-glucopyranoside (23), hydroxycalotropin (25), frugoside (30) and 3,14-Dihydroxycard-20(22)-ene-3-O-[(6-O-feruloyl)-glucopyranoside] (33) revealed the most potent binding affinity to this target. This study proposed the use of <em>G. fruticosus</em> and <em>K. laniflora</em> for the isolation and development of anticancer medications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 243-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of selection-focused physicochemical properties in the local Eğrisap pear (Pyrus communis L.) clone grown in Rize","authors":"Ozgun Kalkisim ,&nbsp;Mehmet Zahit Aydin ,&nbsp;Duygu Ozdes ,&nbsp;Celal Duran","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turkey, located within the Western Asia gene center, is a significant genetic center for many fruit species, including pears. Rize, a province in the Northeastern part of Turkey, is located within the Northeast Anatolia Region, which falls within the genetic center area where pears have undergone evolutionary development. This study aimed to identify promising local Eğrisap pear clone genotypes with superior traits and to introduce them into economic use. For this purpose, Rize province and its districts were surveyed, and fruit and leaf samples were collected from pre-selected Eğrisap pear clone types. These samples were subjected to pomological, morphological, and chemical analysis. The JMP 13 statistical software package was used to compare the Eğrisap pear clone types. According to the research results, the pomological and morphological traits of the clone types varied as follows: fruit weight (99.10–139.54 g), fruit width (54.52–65.41 mm), fruit length (57.58–68.83 mm), fruit stem length (50.75–59.50 mm), fruit stem thickness (2.36–2.91 mm), core width (5.15–7.55 mm), core length (9.73–14.51 mm), flesh firmness (3.61–7.13 lb), seed number (5.30–8.55), leaf width (45.80–60.04 mm), leaf length (64.53–82.37 mm), petiole length (37.04–60.99 mm), petiole thickness (0.83–1.20 mm), and soluble solid content (SSC) (9.10 %-16.0 %). Regarding chemical composition, the pH values of the clone types ranged from (3.78–4.22), titratable acidity (0.22 %-0.47 %), protein content (1.50 %-4.95 %), vitamin C content (0.92–2.28 mg/100 g), ash content (1.16 %-4.30 %), and total sugar content (9.66 %-17.28 %). Mineral element analysis of the local pear varieties revealed that iron content ranged from (0–14.7 µg/g), copper (2.90–9.12 µg/g), manganese (2.9–11.6 µg/g), magnesium (321.7–771.5 mg/g), zinc (0 µg/g), sodium (9.6–39.6 µg/g), potassium (5.43–14.50 µg/g), calcium (50.1–219.7 µg/g), cobalt (0.01–0.31 µg/g), cadmium (0–0.1 µg/g), and nickel (0.08–4.41 µg/g). Among the local Eğrisap pear clones grown in Rize, clone type 53 IYD 01 was identified as having the most superior quality criteria and chemical composition. Consequently, it is recommended that this clone type be introduced to producers for cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typification of the Linnaean name Geranium grandiflorum L. (Geraniaceae), basionym of Grielum grandiflorum (L.) Druce (Neuradaceae)","authors":"Mairaj Ahmad ,&nbsp;Imtiyaz A. Hurrah ,&nbsp;Vijay V. Wagh","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.05.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The typification of the Linnaean name <em>Geranium grandiflorum</em> is discussed<em>.</em> A specimen housed in the Swedish Museum of Natural History is designated as the lectotype for <em>Geranium grandiflorum</em>. The name is currently the basionym for <em>Grielum grandiflorum</em> (L.) Druce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}