Space Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Oxytocin on Glutamate Mediated Neurotoxicity in Neuroblastoma Cell Culture.","authors":"Börte Gürbüz Özgür, Kamil Vural, Mehmet İbrahim Tuğlu","doi":"10.29399/npa.28377","DOIUrl":"10.29399/npa.28377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to investigate the effects of oxytocin on neurite growth, cell viability, cell proliferation and apoptosis to demonstrate its neuroprotective effect on glutamate induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell culture.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The effect of oxytocin on the toxic effects of glutamate in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line with the Neurotoxicity Screening Test (NTT), apoptotic effects by Terminal Transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) method and cell viability test by 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. In the NTT test; Neurotoxicity was induced by adding glutamate at a concentration of 32 μM to the cell culture. Oxytocin was added at 1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 μM concentrations and its effect on neurite elongation was investigated. It was demonstrated by TUNEL method that application of glutamate caused apoptosis. Afterwards, when glutamate and different doses of oxytocin were given, antiapoptotic effect was evaluated with the apoptotic index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glutamate was found to have a dose-dependent neurotoxic effect and reduced neurite elongation by 50% at a concentration of 32 μM. It was shown that the inhibition of neurite elongation caused by glutamate decreased in a dose-dependent manner by applying oxytocin. Especially oxytocin was found to significantly reduce neurite inhibition and show a neuroprotective effect starting from 10 μM concentrations. The concentration at which glutamate reduces cell proliferation by 50% was determined as 54 μM in MTT. Subsequently, it was observed that the adverse effect of glutamate on cell proliferation significantly decreased with oxytocin administration, depending on the dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was found that different concentrations of glutamate have a significant toxic effect on cell proliferation and viability, glutamate inhibits neurite elongation in a dose-dependent manner; oxytocin reduces neurite inhibition caused by glutamate, has a neuroprotective effect, increases cell viability and has antiapoptotic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":"187 1","pages":"24-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10943934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74735295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presolar Grains as Probes of Supernova Nucleosynthesis.","authors":"Nan Liu, Maria Lugaro, Jan Leitner, Bradley S Meyer, Maria Schönbächler","doi":"10.1007/s11214-024-01122-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11214-024-01122-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We provide an overview of the isotopic signatures of presolar supernova grains, specifically focusing on ⁴⁴Ti-containing grains with robustly inferred supernova origins and their implications for nucleosynthesis and mixing mechanisms in supernovae. Recent technique advancements have enabled the differentiation between radiogenic (from ⁴⁴Ti decay) and nonradiogenic ⁴⁴Ca excesses in presolar grains, made possible by enhanced spatial resolution of Ca-Ti isotope analyses with the Cameca NanoSIMS (Nano-scale Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer) instrument. Within the context of presolar supernova grain data, we discuss (<i>i</i>) the production of ⁴⁴Ti in supernovae and the impact of interstellar medium heterogeneities on the galactic chemical evolution of ⁴⁴Ca/⁴⁰Ca, (<i>ii</i>) the nucleosynthesis processes of neutron bursts and explosive H-burning in Type II supernovae, and (<i>iii</i>) challenges in identifying the progenitor supernovae for ⁵⁴Cr-rich presolar nanospinel grains. Drawing on constraints and insights derived from presolar supernova grain data, we also provide an overview of our current understanding of the roles played by various supernova types - including Type II, Type Ia, and electron capture supernovae - in accounting for the diverse array of nucleosynthetic isotopic variations identified in bulk meteorites and meteoritic components. We briefly overview the potential mechanisms that have been proposed to explain these nucleosynthetic variations by describing the transport and distribution of presolar dust carriers in the protoplanetary disk. We highlight existing controversies in the interpretation of presolar grain data and meteoritic nucleosynthetic isotopic variations, while also outlining potential directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":"220 8","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong Lensing by Galaxies.","authors":"A J Shajib, G Vernardos, T E Collett, V Motta, D Sluse, L L R Williams, P Saha, S Birrer, C Spiniello, T Treu","doi":"10.1007/s11214-024-01105-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-024-01105-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strong gravitational lensing at the galaxy scale is a valuable tool for various applications in astrophysics and cosmology. Some of the primary uses of galaxy-scale lensing are to study elliptical galaxies' mass structure and evolution, constrain the stellar initial mass function, and measure cosmological parameters. Since the discovery of the first galaxy-scale lens in the 1980s, this field has made significant advancements in data quality and modeling techniques. In this review, we describe the most common methods for modeling lensing observables, especially imaging data, as they are the most accessible and informative source of lensing observables. We then summarize the primary findings from the literature on the astrophysical and cosmological applications of galaxy-scale lenses. We also discuss the current limitations of the data and methodologies and provide an outlook on the expected improvements in both areas in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":"220 8","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142627960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Validation of the Ionospheric Vertical Drift Measurements Based on ICON/IVM, Swarm, and the Ground-Based Radar at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory","authors":"Yen-Jung J. Wu, Stephen B. Mende, B. Harding, P. Alken, Astrid Maute, T. Immel","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00993-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00993-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45394497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Europa Clipper Magnetometer","authors":"M. Kivelson, X. Jia, Karen A. Lee, C. Raymond, K. Khurana, Mitchell O. Perley, J. Biersteker, J. Blacksberg, Ryan Caron, C. Cochrane, Olivia R. Dawson, Camilla D. K. Harris, Jonathan E. Jones, Steven Joy, H. Korth, Jiang Liu, Elham Maghsoudi, Neil Murphy, David Parsley, D. Pierce, C. Racho, Ingo Richter, Christopher T. Russell, Sarah Sherman, R. Strangeway, Mickey Villarreal, B. Weiss, Lee Wigglesworth","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00989-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00989-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46618856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) On-Orbit Wind Observations: Data Analysis and Instrument Performance","authors":"C. Englert, J. Harlander, K. Marr, B. Harding, J. Makela, Tori Fae, Charles M. Brown, M. Ratnam, S. Rao, T. Immel","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00997-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00997-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46765853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Geology of Jupiter’s Trojan Asteroids","authors":"S. Marchi, J. Bell, ·. B. Bierhaus, ·. J. Spencer, H. Levison, K. Noll","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00985-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00985-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48611928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Testing of the MarSCoDe LIBS Calibration Target in China’s Tianwen-1 Mars Mission","authors":"Xiangfeng Liu, Weiming Xu, Hai Qi, X. Ren, Jianjun Liu, Luning Li, Zhixin Yan, Chongfei Liu, Jun Chen, Zhenqiang Zhang, Chunlai Li, Rong Shu","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00987-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00987-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41555736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Verification of Multi-Functional Obstacle Avoidance Sensor for the Tianwen-1 Mars Probe","authors":"Feihu Zhu, Yunfang Zhang, Yanhong Zheng, Shaogang Guo, Baocheng Hua, Yang Liu, Fenzhi Wu, Lin Li, Jianfeng Chen, Chao Dong, Chenglong Zhang, Yanxu Hu, Zhe Cao, Shuai Hong, Xiaolei Wang, Li Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00986-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00986-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47420178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Systems Methods Characterizing Nonlinear Processes in the Near-Earth Electromagnetic Environment: Recent Advances and Open Challenges","authors":"G. Balasis, M. Balikhin, S. Chapman, G. Consolini, I. Daglis, R. Donner, Jürgen Kurths, M. Paluš, J. Runge, B. Tsurutani, D. Vassiliadis, S. Wing, J. Gjerloev, J. Johnson, M. Materassi, T. Alberti, C. Papadimitriou, P. Manshour, A. Boutsi, M. Stumpo","doi":"10.1007/s11214-023-00979-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-023-00979-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21902,"journal":{"name":"Space Science Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48904003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}