STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research最新文献_第5页

Sourcing and nuclear magnetic resonance: new applications for old materials 采购和核磁共振:旧材料的新应用

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2018-05-20 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2019.1643549

I. Pianet, A. Gutiérrez Garcia-M., M. Savin, Pilar Lapuente Mercadal, Marta Sánchez de la Torre, François‐Xavier Le Bourdonnec

引用次数: 4

Time-averaging and the spatial scale of regional cultural differentiation in archaeological assemblages 考古组合中区域文化差异的时间平均和空间尺度

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1504490

Galen A. Miller-Atkins, L. Premo

引用次数: 16

Identifying sources of fibre in Chinese handmade papers by phytoliths: A methodological exploration 植物岩鉴定中国手工纸纤维来源的方法学探索

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1475454

Tao Li

{"title":"Identifying sources of fibre in Chinese handmade papers by phytoliths: A methodological exploration","authors":"Tao Li","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2018.1475454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2018.1475454","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposed phytoliths as promising for identifying and distinguishing sources of fibre in Chinese handmade papers. For an initial methodological exploration, two types of Raw Xuan (unprocessed Xuan paper) and the two plant materials used in making them—namely rice straw and bark from blue sandalwood (Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim.)—were collected. The dry ashing method was used to extract phytoliths from Raw Xuan and its plant materials. The results can be summarized as follows. First, phytoliths characteristic of rice (Oryza sativa) were abundant in both rice straw and Raw Xuan. By looking for rice phytoliths, it is possible to tell whether or not rice straw fibre is used in a particular paper. Second, hair cell phytoliths were observed in considerable quantities in blue sandalwood bark, but absent in the examined papers. Heat experiments showed that phytoliths in blue sandalwood were resistant to long-term heat and they would unlikely be eliminated when exposed to the heat in papermaking (with heat source barely above 200°C). It is hypothesised that they dissolved while cooked in an alkaline pH (limewater). Further studies are necessary to understand whether phytoliths in blue sandalwood—while cooked in limewater—undergo morphological changes and, if yes, how. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82721931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

19th century ornamented metal trays from Greece and Turkey: metallurgy and provenance 来自希腊和土耳其的19世纪装饰金属托盘:冶金和来源

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1436804

Despoina Kotzamani, V. Kantarelou, I. Karatasios, Marianna Zacharia

{"title":"19th century ornamented metal trays from Greece and Turkey: metallurgy and provenance","authors":"Despoina Kotzamani, V. Kantarelou, I. Karatasios, Marianna Zacharia","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2018.1436804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2018.1436804","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Twelve ‘Japanned’ metal trays from Greece and Turkey, dated in the 19th century, were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination (stereoscopy, metallography, scanning electron microscopy) as well as to XRF and SEM-EDX analysis. The trays represent two stylistic types made of wrought iron either tin-plated or protected with a primer. Two were manufactured by forging while the rest were made by rolling prior to die forming with drop hammers or machine presses. Wrought iron was produced indirectly from cast iron with fossil fuels. Only in one case charcοal fuel was implied. Most pure iron was recognized for four trays dated at the end of the 19th century. Three of them also revealed the deliberate incorporation of metallic manganese while one of them was found to be alloyed. The other metals used such as copper, brass, silver and tin as also the methods applied, seem to follow the industrial evolution of the iron substrate but more analysis is required. As regards origin, the metallurgical results, even limited, combined with historical information, indicated that the metals/techniques used, were probably originally produced in west Europe although the supply of materials could have depended on different sources.","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90943310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Roman cooking vessels (ollae): a preliminary study of the material from the Pontine region, Central Italy 罗马烹饪器皿(ollae):对意大利中部庞廷地区材料的初步研究

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1445824

B. Borgers, G. Tol, T. de Haas

{"title":"Roman cooking vessels (ollae): a preliminary study of the material from the Pontine region, Central Italy","authors":"B. Borgers, G. Tol, T. de Haas","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2018.1445824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2018.1445824","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents the petrographic analysis of cooking vessels (ollae) from the Pontine region, Central Italy, dated between the 4th and the 1st centuries BC. Cooking vessels of three surveys in different parts of the Pontine Plain and around Norba, in the Lepine foothills, are considered. The considered time-span covers the period in which the Pontine region became integrated in the Roman state until the end of the Republic, and cooking vessels have much to tell us about the region's integration in production and distribution systems, and whether changes occurred therein. The petrographic study shows that the cooking pots were produced and distributed at regional and supra-regional scales. The production and distribution systems that are tentatively inferred show aspects of continuity and change during the time-span considered. Roman cooking vessels that circulated in the Pontine region between the 4th and the 3rd centuries BC had a supra-regional and regional provenance. During the 2nd and the 1st centuries BC, the region continued to have access to these products, as well as to other ones that were produced within and outside the region. Furthermore, the distribution of supra-regional products increased, whereas the importance of existing regional centres decreased in favour of others.","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79886034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Technological implications of neo-formed hematite crystals in ceramic lead glazes 陶瓷铅釉中新形成赤铁矿晶体的技术意义

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2017.1419675

Roberta Di Febo, J. Molera, T. Pradell, O. Vallcorba, C. Capelli

{"title":"Technological implications of neo-formed hematite crystals in ceramic lead glazes","authors":"Roberta Di Febo, J. Molera, T. Pradell, O. Vallcorba, C. Capelli","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2017.1419675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2017.1419675","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hexagonal neo-formed crystallites have been observed in thin section of different medieval and post-medieval lead-glazed ceramics. Although they are clearly visible in thin section using plane polarized light, their plate shape makes them barely seen on the polished cross sections. Basal sections have never been found on the polished sections and only few transversal very thin sections could be seen. In this case, the morphology resembles acicular and it is not possible to analyze them properly by SEM–EDX because the crystals are very thin and the glaze surrounding is analyzed as well. Micro-Raman microscopy was carried out directly on the polished thin sections. This technique allows specific areas as small as 1 μm in diameter to be analyzed and it is able to characterize inclusions that are not found on the glaze surface. However, the wavenumber features observed cannot be assigned to a specific compound. The thickness of the crystallites (a few hundred nanometers) seems to be responsible for the low sensitivity of the Raman instrumentation. 15 × 15 μm2 micro-X-ray diffraction patterns using synchrotron radiation (SR-μXRD) in transmission geometry were obtained from the crystals using the same thin section preparation. SR-μXRD was able to localize the crystallites and avoid the overlapping signals corresponding to other mineral phases. In this way, the hexagonal crystallites present in the glaze have been unambiguously identified as hematite crystallites. Finally, some replications were made under laboratory-controlled conditions to determine the firing conditions in the formation of those crystallites. The presence of hematite coexisting with melanotekite indicates a firing temperature <925°C, while the presence of only hematite suggests a firing temperature >925°C","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84543661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Characterisation and Analysis of Metallic Artefacts from the Pylos Archaeological Museum 皮洛斯考古博物馆金属文物的特征和分析

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1456742

M. Kylafi, A. Katakos, S. Boyatzis, E. Palamara, N. Zacharias

{"title":"Characterisation and Analysis of Metallic Artefacts from the Pylos Archaeological Museum","authors":"M. Kylafi, A. Katakos, S. Boyatzis, E. Palamara, N. Zacharias","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2018.1456742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2018.1456742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study focuses on the analysis of four unique artefacts, originally recovered from a tomb complex of the Hellenistic period and now displayed at the New Pylos Archaeological Museum, Niokastro fortress of Pylos, Greece (since 2016). The items are rod-shaped, with a length between 5.5 and 14.6 cm and intricate decorative patterns. The rods were analysed following a multi-technique, non-invasive approach, using optical microscopy, XRF, SEM/EDS and FTIR. The analysis suggests that the three brown rods are made of wrought iron; successive areas of calcite crystal formations are associated with environmental depositions and corrosion defects. The white rod shows distinctly different chemical characteristics: it is composed of a thick core identified as bone and covered by a thin layer of lead. The combined microscopic, chemical and spectroscopic analysis resulted in the chemical characterisation of the artefacts and thus in a better understanding of their properties. In turn, the analysis has lead to hypotheses for the likely function of these unique artefacts (i.e. three writing implements and one decorative hinge).","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81137348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Landmark in the History of Chinese Ceramics: The Invention of Blue-and-white Porcelain in the Tang Dynasty (618–907 A.D.) 中国陶瓷史上的一个里程碑:唐朝(公元618-907年)青花瓷的发明

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2016.1272310

Weidong Li, Xiaoke Lu, Hongjie Luo, Xinmin Sun, Lanhua Liu, Zhiwen Zhao, M. Guo

{"title":"A Landmark in the History of Chinese Ceramics: The Invention of Blue-and-white Porcelain in the Tang Dynasty (618–907 A.D.)","authors":"Weidong Li, Xiaoke Lu, Hongjie Luo, Xinmin Sun, Lanhua Liu, Zhiwen Zhao, M. Guo","doi":"10.1080/20548923.2016.1272310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20548923.2016.1272310","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigates the origin and development of Tang blue-and-white porcelain. Test samples consist of excavated shards of blue-and-white porcelain, white porcelain, Tang tricolor pottery, and blue-on-white pottery from the Tang strata of the Baihe and the Huangye kiln sites. The chemical compositions, firing temperatures, and physical properties were studied scientifically, and multivariate statistical analysis was applied to analyze the compositional data. The results show that Tang blue-and-white porcelain developed from a mature manufacturing technology of white porcelain in the late Tang. Moreover, the type of cobalt pigment used is similar to that used for blue-on-white pottery. This study contributes to our understanding of the invention of Tang blue-and-white porcelain. Statement of significance In recent years, several shards of blue-and-white porcelain have been found in the late Tang strata of the Huangye and the Baihe kiln sites in Gongyi district of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology 2005,17; 2007; 2009,22). Notably, these are the only pieces of blue-and-white wares of the Tang dynasty that have been excavated at a kiln site. For the very first time, with data analysis of the chemical compositions and comparisons among pottery and porcelain throughout distinct time periods of the Tang Dynasty, this study explicates the invention of Tang blue-and-white porcelain from a scientific standpoint. Derived from Tang tricolor pottery, blue-on-white pottery and, especially, white porcelain production, raw materials and firing techniques lay the groundwork for the emergence of blue-and-white wares. The invention of Tang blue-and-white porcelain marks a crucial milestone in the developmental history of ancient Chinese ceramics.","PeriodicalId":21858,"journal":{"name":"STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84064808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The sanctuary of Hercules in Sesklo Region, Volos, Greece: an archaeometric approach of the archaic bronze objects 希腊Volos的Sesklo地区的赫拉克勒斯神庙:古代青铜器的考古方法

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1424301

Evaggelia Stamelou, Argyroula Doulgeri-Intzesiloglou, Eleni Asderaki-Tzoumerkioti, M. Vaxevanopoulos

引用次数: 4

Kastro Palaia settlement, Volos, Greece: a diachronical technological approach to bronze metalwork 希腊Volos的castro Palaia定居点:青铜金属制品的历时技术方法

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/20548923.2018.1427182

E. Asderaki-Tzoumerkioti, T. Rehren, E. Skafida, M. Vaxevanopoulos, P. Connolly

引用次数: 6