SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems最新文献

{"title":"Optimized mirror cleaning strategies in PTC plants reducing the water consumption and the levelized cost of cleaning","authors":"S. Rohani, Nada Abdelnabi, T. Fluri, A. Heimsath, C. Wittwer, Javier García Pérez Ainsua","doi":"10.1063/1.5117763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117763","url":null,"abstract":"Soiling reduces the optical efficiency of the reflectors in a CSP plant and thus has a negative effect on the plant power output and LCOE. To mitigate this effect, regular cleaning should be performed which in turn increases the operation cost and consumes large amounts of water. In this study, potential improved cleaning strategies were tested through detailed dynamic simulation with an attempt to realize the relation between the cleaning water consumption and the specific cost of cleaning as well as to identify the optimum cleaning strategy for a specific site answering the question when and which collector should be cleaned. The aim of the study is to evaluate different cleaning strategies through a CSP performance model which is able to simulate the behavior of a CSP plant as close as possible to the real conditions. For this reason, spatiotemporal distribution of cleanliness in the solar field and individual loop simulation were taken into account in order to consider the effect of the non-homogenous cleanliness on the outlet temperature of the solar field. Additionally, the cleaning processes have been modelled based on the characteristics of ECILIMP cleaning trucks obtained from several on-site and laboratory scale tests. The simulation results show that the proposed cleaning strategy with variable threshold can reduce the cleaning water consumption by up to 19% and reduce the levelized cost of cleaning by 25% without any negative effect on the plant performance.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75197001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reticulated porous ceramic ceria structures with modified surface geometry for solar thermochemical splitting of water and carbon dioxide","authors":"M. Hoes, Erik Koepf, P. Davenport, A. Steinfeld","doi":"10.1063/1.5117690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117690","url":null,"abstract":"Reticulated porous ceramic structures made of ceria are investigated for their ability to volumetrically absorb concentrated solar radiation and drive the thermochemical redox splitting of H2O and CO2. Various geometric modifications to the RPC (Reticulated Porous Ceramics) exposed surface area are considered to improve radiation penetration and enable uniform heating. The structures were exposed to high-flux irradiation, their temperature distribution was measured, and their performance was analyzed, including calculation of oxygen release.Reticulated porous ceramic structures made of ceria are investigated for their ability to volumetrically absorb concentrated solar radiation and drive the thermochemical redox splitting of H2O and CO2. Various geometric modifications to the RPC (Reticulated Porous Ceramics) exposed surface area are considered to improve radiation penetration and enable uniform heating. The structures were exposed to high-flux irradiation, their temperature distribution was measured, and their performance was analyzed, including calculation of oxygen release.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"139 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76400893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hourly forecast of solar radiation up to 48h with two runs of weather research forecast model over Italy","authors":"I. Balog, Zorica Podraščanin, F. Spinelli, G. Caputo, Roldano Siviero, Arcangelo Benedetti","doi":"10.1063/1.5117701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117701","url":null,"abstract":"Growth and vast usage in renewable energy implies better hourly and daily planning for reliable and constant renewable energy distribution. In this sense, the forecast of renewable energy becomes more and more important. In this work, we used the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) to forecast solar radiation. We run two forecast simulations with WRF and WRF-Solar model. Models have been running on daily basis to forecast solar radiation up to 48h with hourly outputs. In this paper we elaborated one summer month of 2017 with both model forecasts compared with ground measured data for solar irradiance at one location in Italy (lat 42°02.5’ North; lon 12°18.4’ East). Both models represents in good manner global irradiance with RMSE for a selected maximum of a daily range of about 13% while direct (25%) and diffuse (40%) solar radiation obtained by models differ from measured values.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82099555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and performance evaluation of on-sun particle receiver tests","authors":"Brantley Mills, C. Ho","doi":"10.1063/1.5117548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117548","url":null,"abstract":"A set of on-sun experiments was performed on a 1 MWth cavity-type falling particle receiver at Sandia National Laboratories. A computational model of the receiver was developed to evaluate its ability to predict the receiver performance during these experiments and to quantify the thermal losses from different mechanisms. Mean particle outlet temperatures and the experimental receiver thermal efficiencies were compared against values computed in the computational model. External winds during the experiments were found to significantly affect the receiver thermal efficiency, and advective losses from hot air escaping the receiver domain were found to be the most significant contribution to losses from the receiver. Losses from all other mechanisms including radiative losses amounted to less than 10% of the total incident thermal power.A set of on-sun experiments was performed on a 1 MWth cavity-type falling particle receiver at Sandia National Laboratories. A computational model of the receiver was developed to evaluate its ability to predict the receiver performance during these experiments and to quantify the thermal losses from different mechanisms. Mean particle outlet temperatures and the experimental receiver thermal efficiencies were compared against values computed in the computational model. External winds during the experiments were found to significantly affect the receiver thermal efficiency, and advective losses from hot air escaping the receiver domain were found to be the most significant contribution to losses from the receiver. Losses from all other mechanisms including radiative losses amounted to less than 10% of the total incident thermal power.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82883279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel concept for indirect solar-heated methane reforming","authors":"Zahra Mahdi, C. Rendón, C. Schwager, C. Boura, U. Herrmann","doi":"10.1063/1.5117694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117694","url":null,"abstract":"A model to investigate an indirectly solar-heated bayonet-tube reactor for converting methane to synthetic gas (syngas) through combined steam reforming and dry reforming is presented. Concentrated solar radiation, as generated in solar power towers is capable of efficiently providing heat for this process. Different concepts of reforming reactors have been analyzed and assessed under the following considerations: The risk of carbon deposition at low-temperature regimes in the reactor, the possibility of heat recovery from the syngas, maximized heat extraction for the air stream to improve the receiver efficiency and flexibility. As a result, a novel bayonet-tubes reactor design has been developed. Different simulation software tools have been applied for this purpose. Simulations in EBSILON®Professional show that the heat recovery from the syngas allows a 28 % higher syngas production (8.42 kg/s instead of 6.59 kg/s) based on the same solar resource, since the required heat for the methane reforming is simultaneously transferred from both air and syngas. In the system simulations, the syngas cools down from 900 °C to about 451 °C while the air is cooled down from 930 °C to approx. 220 °C. A one-dimensionally discretized model of a single bayonet-tube reactor was simulated in Dymola to corroborate that the reactor design provides sufficient temperature gradients for the heat transfer from air and syngas to the reactant flow. Further thermal and fluid mechanical analysis were performed in ANSYS® Fluent as preparation for building a first prototype.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75814000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a continuous solid solution with extended Red-Ox temperature range and unexpected high reaction enthalpies for thermochemical energy storage","authors":"A. Zaki, Daniel Bielsa, A. Faik","doi":"10.1063/1.5117759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117759","url":null,"abstract":"Thermochemical reactions are considered as a promising approach to be applied for heat storage in next generation of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants where the expected working temperatures will be higher than the current ones. Redox reactions involving multivalent cations have been investigated for high temperature applications in temperature range of 900 - 1200°C. However, only a few number of metal oxides with limited number of reaction temperatures have been identified in that temperature range which has been considered as one of the main barriers for further development of new concepts and systems for thermochemical energy storage. Mixed metal oxides, on the other hand, could provide a flexibility allowing to extend the reaction temperature in a wide temperature range to be adapted for each specific application. With this regard, the study of mixed cobalt and manganese oxides with the general formula Co3-xMnxO4 (0≤x≤3) was carried out, where five pure mixed metal oxides, i.e. Co2.5Mn0.5O4, Co2MnO4, Co1.5Mn1.5O4, CoMn2O4 and Co0.5Mn2.5O4, have been successively synthesized. Their structural characterization demonstrated that a continuous solid solution, with pure spinel structures, was obtained between the two pure cobalt and manganese oxides with an adjustable reduction/oxidation temperature in a large temperature range between 850°C and 1700°C. The obtained redox temperatures for Co2.5Mn0.5O4, Co2MnO4, Co1.5Mn1.5O4, CoMn2O4 and Co0.5Mn2.5O4 are 980, 1129, 1230, 1320 and 1428°C, respectively. Finally, the thermodynamic study has revealed that the enthalpies of mixed metal oxides are higher than the pure oxides ones reaching a maximum value of 1233 J/g for Co1.5Mn1.5O4, which is almost the double of the pure cobalt oxide enthalpy 675 J/g.Thermochemical reactions are considered as a promising approach to be applied for heat storage in next generation of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants where the expected working temperatures will be higher than the current ones. Redox reactions involving multivalent cations have been investigated for high temperature applications in temperature range of 900 - 1200°C. However, only a few number of metal oxides with limited number of reaction temperatures have been identified in that temperature range which has been considered as one of the main barriers for further development of new concepts and systems for thermochemical energy storage. Mixed metal oxides, on the other hand, could provide a flexibility allowing to extend the reaction temperature in a wide temperature range to be adapted for each specific application. With this regard, the study of mixed cobalt and manganese oxides with the general formula Co3-xMnxO4 (0≤x≤3) was carried out, where five pure mixed metal oxides, i.e. Co2.5Mn0.5O4, Co2Mn...","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81105776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium, strontium and barium carbonate mixtures for calcination-carbonation thermochemical energy storage","authors":"Larissa Fedunik-Hofman, A. Bayon, S. Donne","doi":"10.1063/1.5117751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117751","url":null,"abstract":"Novel CaO-based sorbents doped with alkaline earth carbonates were found to show good performance as high temperature energy storage materials for a thermochemical energy storage system. The sorbents were synthesised using the Pechini method and doped with SrO, BaO and Ca3Al2O6. A barium-doped sorbent retained a carbonation conversion capacity of over 60% over 40 calcination and carbonation cycles, while a strontium-doped sorbent retained a conversion of over 40% after 20 cycles. These high temperature (above 800°C) materials have the potential to be coupled with highly efficient and economically competitive power cycles.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85145100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Object oriented modelling of the CSP-DSW facility","authors":"D. R. Corbett, Manuel Blanco, A. Bonanos, Marios C. Georgiou, C. Papanicolas, C. Roussos, E. Stiliaris, K. Stokos, E. Votyakov","doi":"10.1063/1.5117528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117528","url":null,"abstract":"The acausal and object-oriented language Modelica was chosen to develop the overall system-level model of the Cyprus Institute’s Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and Desalination of Sea Water (DSW) proof-of-concept at the Platform for Research, Observation, and Technological Applications in Solar Energy (PROTEAS) facility in Cyprus. This model builds upon the system level and component models that are part of SolarTherm, an open-source Modelica library of concentrating solar thermal components, developed as part of the Australian Solar Thermal Research Initiative (ASTRI). The article describes the practical ad-hoc approaches used in modelling the components of the CSP-DSW in detail, explaining the reasons for their selection, their advantages and limitations. Two experiments conducted at PROTEAS in July 2016 and January 2018 were used to validate the model. Those experiments were simulated using the developed Modelica model. The comparison between the model’s estimates and the test measurements produce a relatively good agreement, particularly in steady state. In addition to presenting the results, the article discusses the lessons learned from this experimental comparison regarding the quality of the model, how to improve it, and what additional tests to perform to fully validate it.The acausal and object-oriented language Modelica was chosen to develop the overall system-level model of the Cyprus Institute’s Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and Desalination of Sea Water (DSW) proof-of-concept at the Platform for Research, Observation, and Technological Applications in Solar Energy (PROTEAS) facility in Cyprus. This model builds upon the system level and component models that are part of SolarTherm, an open-source Modelica library of concentrating solar thermal components, developed as part of the Australian Solar Thermal Research Initiative (ASTRI). The article describes the practical ad-hoc approaches used in modelling the components of the CSP-DSW in detail, explaining the reasons for their selection, their advantages and limitations. Two experiments conducted at PROTEAS in July 2016 and January 2018 were used to validate the model. Those experiments were simulated using the developed Modelica model. The comparison between the model’s estimates and the test measurements produce a r...","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86518422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical aerosol concentrations in the lowest 300m of the troposphere for solar tower plants assessment from CALIPSO satellite and ECMWF-MACC data","authors":"Diana Rocio Mancera Guevara, M. Schroedter-Homscheidt, T. Popp, D. Heinemann","doi":"10.1063/1.5117708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117708","url":null,"abstract":"One of the essential meteorological variables to consider in the CSP plants projection is the Aerosol Optical Depth. Its value within the layer spanned between the surface and about the next 300m could be particularly critical for Solar Tower technology due to the attenuation through the slant path. The data here presented come from the comparison of CALIPSO satellite and MACC model regarding aerosols in both the lowest 300m layer and the total column in a nearly geographical domain along with a collection of the most challenging issues faced by both approaches. A brief summary of the State of the Art complements the tools to interpret the data and might be a starting point for future improvements.","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76092114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology mix for the Diego de Almagro solar technology district in Chile","authors":"Daniel Benitez, M. Engelhard, F. Gallardo, Alvaro Jesam, R. Kopecek, Massimo Moser","doi":"10.1063/1.5117604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117604","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the technology mix proposed for the Diego de Almagro “Solar Technology District” (DTS), intended to be built at the south of the Atacama Desert in Chile, which combines Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) with Photovoltaic (PV) plants to take advantage of both systems attributes: easy installation and low levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of PV and dispatchability and low cost for storing energy of CSP. Thermal energy storage systems as well as batteries are considered. Local conditions such as solar irradiation, water cost and availability and energy demand profile in Chile are noteworthy and important to be discussed. The methodology followed to optimize the power plant configurations focused on minimizing the LCOE and also considered the available land and the water consumption. Additionally, a rather new PV technology was investigated and selected for the solar park: Bifacial PV modules. The results obtained are useful to project developers seeking for combinations of PV and CSP to satisfy specific electricity demand in an economic, clean and reliable way.This paper focuses on the technology mix proposed for the Diego de Almagro “Solar Technology District” (DTS), intended to be built at the south of the Atacama Desert in Chile, which combines Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) with Photovoltaic (PV) plants to take advantage of both systems attributes: easy installation and low levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of PV and dispatchability and low cost for storing energy of CSP. Thermal energy storage systems as well as batteries are considered. Local conditions such as solar irradiation, water cost and availability and energy demand profile in Chile are noteworthy and important to be discussed. The methodology followed to optimize the power plant configurations focused on minimizing the LCOE and also considered the available land and the water consumption. Additionally, a rather new PV technology was investigated and selected for the solar park: Bifacial PV modules. The results obtained are useful to project developers seeking for combinations of PV and CSP to...","PeriodicalId":21790,"journal":{"name":"SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75391224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}