{"title":"Assessment of waste gasification technology under data uncertainty","authors":"A. Halog, M. Sagisaka, A. Inaba","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2003.240405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2003.240405","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative technologies are required to offset increasing consumption and declining stocks of non-renewable resources. Misleading estimates of pollution prevention, performance, and cost of promising new environmentally conscious technologies might result when process design and LCA methods do not account data variability and uncertainty. This research attempts to develop novel assessment methodology for evaluation of risks and potential pay-offs of new technologies that avoid pollutant production; and demonstrate the methodology via case study of gasification technology by simultaneous characterizing data variability and uncertainty. Thus, assessments of advanced process technologies that are in early developmental stages should be based on proper understanding and representation of uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115601401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What we can do for a sustainable society: a telephone directory case study","authors":"K. I. Takahashi, J. Nakamura, T. Kunioka","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322729","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental impact of a Japanese telephone directory was studied using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Most telephone directories are published, delivered and collected by the telephone company; this makes their life cycle unlike that of other magazines. We analyzed several environmental burdens, such as carbon dioxide (CO/sub 2/) emission and nitrogen oxide (NO/sub x/) emission, and evaluated several environmental effects. Most of the environmental burdens were caused during the paper production process.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123732530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Hiraoka, N. Iwanami, Y. Fujii, T. Seya, H. Ishizuka
{"title":"Network agents for life cycle support of mechanical parts","authors":"H. Hiraoka, N. Iwanami, Y. Fujii, T. Seya, H. Ishizuka","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322638","url":null,"abstract":"A part agent system that is composed of a network agent and RFID is proposed to support users in sustainable society who are often unable to get correct information at the correct time. The part agent is a network agent that follows via network counter-part in the real world. Its RFID or an electronic tag attached to the part is used as a key to the identification and temporal memory. The part agent gathers necessary information from the network and then makes a recommendation on maintenance of the part based on the gathered information and historical data of the part it contains. The proposed scheme and its requirements are described. An early result is shown of simplified simulation implemented to promote the re-use of parts. The remaining issues for realization of the system are discussed.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"305 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121405518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nitrogen and phosphorus recovery from a piggery wastewater treatment facility","authors":"H. Hiroyuki, S. Toru","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322707","url":null,"abstract":"The study demonstrated that the aeration of piggery wastewater enhanced the degree of phosphorus and ammonia precipitation (struvite) from the liquid phase. A bench scale reactor was used to evaluate the applicability of the struvite crystallization process to the effluent. The aeration of piggery wastewater leads to decreased phosphorous, ammonia, electrical conductivity and alkalinity due to the precipitation of Ca and Mg phosphate compounds. The degassing process also leads to the volatilization of ammonia and an increase in pH. Therefore, the feasibility of phosphate and ammonia recovery by struvite crystallization in a fluidized bed reactor from the effluent of a piggery waste water treatment facility was discussed. The phosphorous removal efficiency was measured in experiments with varying ammonia concentrations and NH/sub 4/-N/PO/sub 4/-P ratios. At an initial phosphorus concentration range under 40 mg/1 and NH/sub 4/-N/PO/sub 4/-P under 7, the removal efficiency reached about 80% and fine particles were decreased in the effluent.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122525005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Aizawa, K. Asaoka, C. Usami, Y. Kitano, Y. Yanagibashi
{"title":"Establishment of product assessment in the small and medium enterprise manufacturing industry","authors":"M. Aizawa, K. Asaoka, C. Usami, Y. Kitano, Y. Yanagibashi","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322719","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce the environmental load of products and services, it is necessary to perform prior environmental evaluation during the products and services design phase. The result of the prior evaluation should be used to increase the reusability, promote recycling, reduce the material usage, and reduce hazardous material usage. Since 1991, in an effort to promote the use of product assessment, the Clean Japan Center has done research on product assessment and, in addition, created and distributed general manuals. In Japanese large enterprises, the use of product assessment is being established; however, in the small and medium enterprise manufacturing industry, product assessment is still rarely used. In order to establish the use of product assessment in the small and medium enterprise manufacturing industry, a basic product assessment worksheet was developed. Using the basic worksheet, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate important factors for Environment Conscious Design such as: ease of disassembly, component sharing, reduce, reuse, recycle, and environmental information communication. By establishing the use of this basic worksheet, establishment of product assessment in the small and medium enterprise manufacturing industry is anticipated.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115998851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of finding solutions to problems between environmental information side and user side on Web","authors":"Y. Mayuzumi, H. Jin, I. Choh","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322718","url":null,"abstract":"Recently we have had to fast correspond to the change of a lot of media and search for communication techniques in order to matches the life style in the age of information. About communication on the Internet, suppliers have always to be aware of users. It is researched meta-information that means \"information about how to use information\". Moreover communication techniques on the Internet about \"environmental communication\", meta information is required too. In this study, suppliers and users in environmental information are divided into \"problem in the server (supplier) site side\" and \"problem in the user side\". Subsequently, the methods and results are analyzed and the solutions are conducted by viewpoints of meta information for environmental Web sites. As samples of author research, using the nonprofit organization Web site is exemplified. Furthermore, from the investigation for communication conditions within the consultancy turned to the solution of \"problem in the server (supplier) site side\", it was founded that specific tendency of environmental Web site rely on the first impression and the character quantity. Moreover, problems in the evaluated results by using Web usability evaluation concentrated on the evaluation item for visual recognition which is aware of environmental feeling. From the investigation trend of environmental Web site users to the solution of \"the problems in user side\", the main users are office workers who have \"purposes for studying as a beginner\". In addition, it is also suggested that they need ease of comprehensibility and investigation. According to the results, it can be summarized that \"ease of comprehensibility\" for contents and designs were required by both sides of \"the server (supplier) site side\" and \"the user side\".","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123753191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Eco-innovative design method based on design-around approach","authors":"Hsiang-Tang Chang, Jahau Lewis Chen","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322738","url":null,"abstract":"An Eco-innovative product design method integrating the concept of green design into design-around is presented in this study. The proposed approach is suitable to assist engineers to develop \"novelty, usefulness and no environmental burden\" new products. The proposed approach is constructed by the extension method and the TRIZ contradiction table. The distinguishing feature of the extension method is that it can extend the thought of engineers while the TRIZ method can help engineers to search for feasible solutions. Both the features can elevate the capability of the R&D team. An example was also conducted to verify the practicality of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128067079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of simplified LCA and matrix methods in identifying the environmental aspects of products","authors":"Jiyong Lee, Ik Kim, Eunsun Kwon, Tak Hur","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322755","url":null,"abstract":"In order to effectively integrate the environmental aspects into the product design and development processes, it is crucial to identify the environmental aspects related to a product system within a relatively short period of time by using appropriate assessment tools. In this study, a simplified LCA (SLCA) and the environmentally responsible product assessment matrix (ERPA) methods were evaluated and the usefulness as a tool for identifying the environmental aspects of products in eco-design was examined. The case studies of the cellular phone and vacuum cleaner systems showed that the SLCA and the ERPA methods provided different information but they complement each other to some extent. While the SLCA generates more information on the inherent environmental characteristics of a product system so that it may be useful for new design/eco-innovation, the ERPA gives more information on the potentials for improvement in the product so that it can be effectively used in eco-redesign.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131763240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Life cycle assessment of mobile communications networks","authors":"H. Harada, S. Miyamoto","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322758","url":null,"abstract":"To study the most appropriate design for mobile telecommunications networks, we conducted a life cycle assessment of second-generation cellular phone networks (2G networks) and Personal Handyphone System networks (PHS networks) in Japan. Our results show that, for the same number of subscribers, without considering differences in communication quality, 2G networks, which use a smaller number of higher power base stations (BSs), produce less CO/sub 2/ emission than PHS networks, which use a larger number of lower power BSs. An effective way of reducing network CO/sub 2/ emission would be to design BSs that consume less power, thus reducing their emission at the use stage. It would also be effective to design easily re-usable handsets composed of fewer components and materials to reduce their emission at the production stage.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131929989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource conservation strategy for concrete structures","authors":"M. Tamura, T. Noguchi","doi":"10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECODIM.2003.1322731","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the concrete structures built in the past have been demolished and removed much earlier than their intended service lives in Japan. This study presents a life-cycle design method considering a resource conservation strategy with which the above issue was not occur by grasping the reasons of the function and the performance degradation of concrete structures. Considering that it would be essential to recycle structural concrete completely in a closed loop for realizing environmentally conscious concrete structures, it presents the basic concept and technical approach of developing Completely Recyclable Concrete. In conclusion, strategies to circulate natural resources toward the future would need to be introduced and these technical approaches would be one of the drastic solutions of environmental issues among the construction industries in Japan.","PeriodicalId":217614,"journal":{"name":"2003 EcoDesign 3rd International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing","volume":"6 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132089429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}