Small Ruminant Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of methodologies for estimating enteric methane emission factors from sheep in smallholder systems in Africa: A case study from Ethiopia","authors":"Endale B. Gurmu ,&nbsp;Phyllis W. Ndung’u ,&nbsp;Andreas Wilkes ,&nbsp;Daniel Getahun ,&nbsp;Michael W. Graham ,&nbsp;Sonja M. Leitner ,&nbsp;Svenja Marquardt ,&nbsp;Daniel G. Mulat ,&nbsp;Lutz Merbold ,&nbsp;Tigist Worku ,&nbsp;Jesse K. Gakige ,&nbsp;Dereje Tadesse ,&nbsp;Mekete Bekele ,&nbsp;Claudia Arndt","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Ethiopia, enteric methane emissions from sheep contribute around 7 % to the national greenhouse gas (GHG) budget. This study examined the gross energy intake (GEI) and enteric methane emission factors (EFs) of sheep in smallholder systems in North Shewa, Ethiopia, using locally derived data via household surveys. The surveys encompassed two agroecological zones (AEZs) and analyzed various sheep classes across seasons. The study followed the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Tier 2 methodology, which had previously been used in Kenya, and compared the results with those derived from the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC Tier 2) methodology. The EFs from the two Tier 2 methodologies were compared with IPCC default Tier 1 EF. The ranges of GEI and EF estimated for the different sheep classes showed similarity with larger variations observed for IPCC Tier 2 estimates. The estimated GEI for the various sheep classes ranged from 11.1 to 13.8 MJ day⁻¹ (‘CSIRO’ Tier 2) and 10.2–14.7 MJ day⁻¹ (IPCC Tier 2). The estimated EFs ranged from 4.8 to 5.9 kg CH₄ animal⁻¹ year⁻¹ (‘CSIRO’ Tier 2) and 4.5–6.5 kg CH₄ animal⁻¹ year⁻¹ (IPCC Tier 2). The flock-level EF was computed by aggregating the EFs of the different sheep categories. The flock level EF estimated by the IPCC Tier 2 (6.0 ± 0.1 kg CH₄ animal⁻¹ year⁻¹) was significantly higher compared to both the 'CSIRO' Tier 2 and IPCC Tier 1 methods. Based on the findings, we can say that variations in EF values emphasize the significance of taking different Tier 2 approaches into account when evaluating and comparing CH₄ emissions estimates in smallholder sheep farming systems. However, there is a need for further investigations to compare the two Tier 2 methodologies against actual intake and emission measurements to decide which methodology is better.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 107362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921448824001688/pdfft?md5=ce8e0b15982b2aab22dc0ed13c3ffa1b&pid=1-s2.0-S0921448824001688-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of essential oils, monensin sodium, and calcium malate on in vitro gas production, in vivo nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of finishing lambs","authors":"Maria Angelica Ortiz Heredia ,&nbsp;Pedro Arturo Martínez Hernández ,&nbsp;Oscar Vicente Vazquez Mendoza ,&nbsp;Moises Cipriano-Salazar ,&nbsp;Edson Brodeli Figueroa Pacheco ,&nbsp;Mona M.M.Y. Elghandour ,&nbsp;Abdelfattah Z.M. Salem","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rumen modifiers play a crucial role in minimizing dietary energy loss for finishing lambs. This study endeavors to assess nutrient digestibility, <em>in vitro</em> gas production, productive performance, and carcass characteristics in finishing lambs through the incorporation of three rumen fermentation modifiers (monensin sodium, calcium malate, and essential oils). Thirty-five four-months-old Pelibuey lambs of 23.6 kg ± 3.2 were assigned to a completely randomized block design to evaluate five diets: control (CON, without rumen modifier), monensin sodium (MON, 25 g/t); calcium malate (MAL, 2.5 kg/t), essential oils (EO, 150 g/t); and EO (150 g/t) plus MON (25 g/t). Daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, dorsal fat thickness, rib eye area, ruminal pH, and chewing time did not differ among the diets. Notably, feed efficiency trend to be superior (P = 0.07) in the EO lambs, showing a 15.31 % and 17.28 % increase <em>versus</em> CON and MON diets, respectively. Dry matter intake in g/kg^0.75 was highest (P &lt; 0.05) in MAL lambs by 23 % higher than lambs fed on diets added with EO and MON. The control diet (<em>i.e.,</em> CON) exhibited the lowest (P &lt; 0.05) <em>in vivo</em> dry matter digestibility compared to all other diets. Additionally, there was a trend (P = 0.056) towards reduced crude protein digestibility in CON diet. The inclusion of EO led to a higher (P &lt; 0.05) proportion of ruminal acetic acid and a decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in propionic acid <em>versus</em> the CON diet. The observed effects can be attributed to the antimicrobial activity of EO, specifically their secondary metabolites, which demonstrate antimicrobial properties. This underscores their potential in addressing concerns related to antibiotic use. Compared to MON, dietary inclusion with EO improves feed efficiency, with no notable effects on average daily gain, final weight, or the investigated carcass characteristics. The EO supplementation emerges as a practical alternative to antibiotic ionophore monensin for enhancing feed efficiency in finishing feedlot lambs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 107363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTRA- AND INTER-HOST EVOLUTION OF HUMAN NOROVIRUS IN HEALTHY ADULTS.","authors":"Sasirekha Ramani, Sara J Javornik Cregeen, Anil Surathu, Frederick H Neill, Donna M Muzny, Harsha Doddapaneni, Vipin K Menon, Kristi L Hoffman, Matthew C Ross, Ginger Metcalf, Antone R Opekun, David Y Graham, Richard A Gibbs, Joseph F Petrosino, Mary K Estes, Robert L Atmar","doi":"10.1101/2023.05.30.542907","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.05.30.542907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human noroviruses are a leading cause of acute and sporadic gastroenteritis worldwide. The evolution of human noroviruses in immunocompromised persons has been evaluated in many studies. Much less is known about the evolutionary dynamics of human norovirus in healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used sequential samples collected from a controlled human infection study with GI.1/Norwalk/US/68 virus to evaluate intra- and inter-host evolution of a human norovirus in healthy adults. Up to 12 samples from day 1 to day 56 post-challenge were sequenced using a norovirus-specific capture probe method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete genomes were assembled, even in samples that were below the limit of detection of standard RT-qPCR assays, up to 28 days post-challenge. Analysis of 123 complete genomes showed changes in the GI.1 genome in all persons, but there were no conserved changes across all persons. Single nucleotide variants resulting in non-synonymous amino acid changes were observed in all proteins, with the capsid VP1 and nonstructural protein NS3 having the largest numbers of changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data highlight the potential of a new capture-based sequencing approach to assemble human norovirus genomes with high sensitivity and demonstrate limited conserved immune pressure-driven evolution of GI.1 virus in healthy adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11398385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85387684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) extract supplementation to extender on post-thawing ram sperm parameters and genes-related antioxidant capacity","authors":"Wael A. Khalil ,&nbsp;Aya A. Ismail ,&nbsp;Mostafa A. El-Harairy ,&nbsp;Sally Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Haney Samir ,&nbsp;Ayman A. Swelum ,&nbsp;Abdel-Khalek E. Abdel-Khalek","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ram semen cryopreservation is not so widely used compared to bull semen. This study was carried out to explore the potential of methanolic chia seed extract (MCSE) in ram semen extender on kinematics, acrosome, apoptosis, antioxidant capacity, genes-related antioxidants, and caspase-3 in post-thawing ram semen. Semen from Rahmani rams (n=5) was collected, pooled, and diluted with Tris-extender (15 % egg yolk, 1 % soybean lecithin and 5 % glycerol) supplemented with MCSE (0, 125, 250, 375, and 500 µg/mL). MCSE had 67.5 % linolenic acid, 17.99 % linoleic acid, total phenolic, and flavonoid compounds. MCSE had higher antioxidant activity by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) and FRAP (Ferric-reducing antioxidant power) assays. MCSE (500 µg/mL) significantly improved sperm motility (43.6 vs. 30.0 %), vitality (44.0 vs. 30.7 %), and membrane integrity (43.1 vs. 31.3 %) as well as sperm velocity parameters and acrosome integrity (53.4 vs. 36.2 %) after thawing. MCSE at a level of 500 µg/mL increased viability, total antioxidant capacity level, and decreased apoptotic spermatozoa and malondialdehyde levels in post-thawed semen. MCSE at levels of 250, 375, and 500 µg/mL decreased caspase-3 level to 42.8, 35.6, and 30.0 % compared to control (54.6 %) after thawing, and resulted in a clear up-regulation of antioxidant-related genes of superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1, and GA-binding protein transcription factor subunit beta-1 (GAPP1). The highest impact was observed for MCSE on GAPP1 as compared to other profiles as well as for MCSE at 500 µg/mL as compared to with other levels. All MCSE levels decreased Caspase-3 mRNA by about 44, 51, 61, and 61 %, respectively. In conclusion, MCSE had higher anti-oxidative activity. Tris-soya bean lecithin extender supplemented with MCSE at a level of 500 µg/mL, as a natural antioxidant, has a vital role in maintaining the freezing ability of ram spermatozoa after cryopreservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow cytometry evaluation of Dalagh ram post-thaw semen incorporated with curcumin-loaded niosomal nanocarriers","authors":"Alireza Sadegh,&nbsp;Niloofar Nasiri-Foomani,&nbsp;Rohollah Mastani,&nbsp;Firooz Samadi","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Optimization of cryopreservation media to attenuate oxidative damage on post-thaw spermatozoa is crucial. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant functionality of curcumin-loaded niosomal nanocarriers (CurLNN) on the quality of cryopreserved ram spermatozoa. Semen samples (n=16) of four Dalagh rams were extended with different concentrations (10 or 20 μL) of curcumin (Cur) or CurLNN and then cryopreserved using a standard protocol. The findings indicated that sperm cells exposed to curcumin, specifically CurLNN at a concentration of 20 μL, displayed increased levels of total and progressive motility, greater lateral head displacement and linearity values, improved plasma membrane function, and reduced abnormality (P &lt; 0.05). Viability and plasma membrane functionality increased by supplementing cryopreservation medium with Cur20 and CurLNN (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). A significant decline (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations was observed by supplementing cryopreservation medium with both curcumin and its nano-sized. There was a significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) increase in the percentage of spermatozoa with mitochondrial activity when the cryopreservation medium was incorporated with CurLNN. Spermatozoa treated with CurLNN demonstrated higher viability and lower late apoptosis (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared with other groups. There were no differences among groups in terms of the percentage of necrotic and early apoptotic spermatozoa. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that nano-sized curcumin, particularly at a 20 µL concentration, had a higher antioxidant potential, leading to improved sperm functional quality by mitigating oxidative damage during cryopreservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 107346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follow-up investigation revealed that sheep may play an important role in the transmission of Leptospira spp. infection in Caatinga biome field conditions","authors":"Julio Cesar de Araujo Santos ,&nbsp;Igor Felipe Ferreira de Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Denise Batista Nogueira ,&nbsp;João Pessoa Araújo Júnior ,&nbsp;Camila Dantas Malossi ,&nbsp;Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista Santos ,&nbsp;Clebert José Alves ,&nbsp;Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues Silva ,&nbsp;Sérgio Santos de Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Leptospira</em> spp. is poorly studied in sheep raised in field Caatinga biome conditions. We conducted a follow-up investigation for <em>Leptospira</em> spp. infection in sheep reared in field conditions in the Caatinga biome. Serum, urine and vaginal fluid samples were collected from adult sheep over five collection periods in rainy and dry seasons. Serological diagnosis was performed using the microscopic agglutination technique (MAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to urine and vaginal fluid samples. Overall, 45 sheep were monitored during the five collections: July 15, September 30 and November 27 of 2020 and March 3 and June 25 of 2021. The frequencies of seropositive animals at MAT (cut-off 25) per collection were 13.3 %, 15.6 %, 31.1 %, 20 % and 35.6 %, respectively. The most frequent serogroups in all collections were Autumnalis, Ballum, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Pyrogenes. PCR of urine and vaginal fluid carried out for the first two collections detected an average of 28.1 % and 48.1 % positive animals, respectively. In the other three collections, there was no PCR positivity for either urine or vaginal fluid. Two samples of vaginal fluid from the first collection were sequenced and showed 99 % similarity to <em>L. interrogans</em> and <em>L. santarosai</em>. The occurrence of <em>Leptospira</em> spp. genital carrier sheep may be important in the spread of infection in the Caatinga biome field conditions, where the environment is often unfavourable and challenges the adaptability of <em>Leptospira</em> spp., forcing the agent to seek alternative routes of transmission and highlighting the public health exposure risk, mainly in people who are at occupational risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transhumance in Sierra de Segura (Spain): A resilient traditional grazing system","authors":"Mario Velamazán ,&nbsp;Angel Gómez-Martín ,&nbsp;Teresa Maestre ,&nbsp;Marina Rincon-Madroñero ,&nbsp;Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa ,&nbsp;Antonio Contreras","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transhumance is tending to continuously decline globally, despite persisting in certain regions. Due to marked lack of knowledge about this practice and its cultural, economic, and environmental significance, our study aimed to identify the factors that contribute to the persistence of transhumance. We focused on ruminant herds of a transhumant community in the Santiago-Pontones municipality in Sierra de Segura, Spain. We processed official data from ruminant livestock enterprises and incorporated insights gained as observer-participants during seven transhumant displacements from 2016 to 2023. The census included 55042 ruminant heads and 118 herds, and 70 % of animals and 61 % of herds practiced transhumance. These herds wintered in pastures located within a range from 33 to 176 linear kilometers from their respective origins that span 15 municipalities. Significant differences were observed between sedentary and transhumant farm sizes (363 vs. 533 heads, respectively). Transhumance correlated significantly with herd size, number of sheep, percentage of female goats and number of ruminant species in herds. Women owned 19 % of ruminant enterprises, with no differences in herd structure or displacement type compared to those owned by men. Of the transhumant herds, 66 % traveled on foot, with no significant differences in herd structure parameters or distances based on their transport system, except that on-foot transhumant herds commenced their displacements earlier than those using trucks. In conclusion, our study outlines an active transhumant community in southeast Spain, whose resilience is a noteworthy asset that deserves recognition and safeguarding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921448824001494/pdfft?md5=d567bd890d74e335210cea03fa19c2f0&pid=1-s2.0-S0921448824001494-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic parameters for growth and reproductive traits in Santa Inês sheep","authors":"Isis Regina Santos de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Marisa Silva Bastos ,&nbsp;Ana Paula del vesco ,&nbsp;Zoila Catalina Rabanal Montalvan ,&nbsp;Arnaldo Dantas Barreto Neto ,&nbsp;Leandro Teixeira Barbosa","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although Santa Inês sheep demonstrate good adaptation to tropical environments, there is a need for effective breeding programs focused on growth and reproductive traits to harness the breed's full developmental potential. Thus, this study aimed to estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for weight at birth (WB), weight at 60 days (W60), age at first lambing (AFL), first lambing interval (FLI), and average lambing interval (AFI) in Santa Inês sheep. The data were obtained from the Sergipe Goat and Sheep Breeders' Association (ASCCO). (Co)variance components and genetic parameters were estimated by Bayesian analysis based on a bitrait model with Gibbs sampling using Multiple-Trait Gibbs Sampler for Animal Models (MTGSAM) software. Heritability estimates (<em>h</em>²) for WB, W60, AFL, ALI, and FLI were 0.11, 0.18, 0.028, 0.25, and 0.30, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between WB and W60, AFL and ALI, and AFL and FLI (0.31, 0.17, and 0.18, respectively). By contrast, negative correlations were obtained for WB and AFL (−0.55), WB and AFL (−0.42), WB and FLI (−0.39), W60 and ALI (−0.26), and W60 and FLI (−0.37), with magnitudes ranging from low to moderate. Correlation values for ALI and FLI and W60 and AFL were positive and strong (0.97 and 0.98, respectively). These results indicate that the studied traits can be used for indirect selection. Furthermore, the findings underscore the importance of determining genetic parameters when formulating strategies for the genetic improvement of Santa Inês sheep.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of human recombinant FSH for enhancing reproductive performance of ewes in progesterone injection-based estrus synchronization program","authors":"Amir Alijani ,&nbsp;Amir Niasari-Naslaji ,&nbsp;Mohammad Baninajjar ,&nbsp;Mahdi Ganjkhanlou","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exploring the safe, cheap, and efficient gonadotropin to enhance reproductive performance of ewe is of worldwide demand. The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of using human recombinant FSH (hrFSH) at the end of a short progesterone injection-based estrus synchronization program during the breeding season in ewe. Shal ewes (n=184) were assigned randomly into 4 groups using 2 (hrFSH or No-hrFSH) by 2 (Mating or Laparoscopic artificial insemination; LapAI) factorial design during the breeding season. On Day 0 of the experiment, ewes received progesterone (37.5 mg; sc) and GnRH analogue (7.5 µg Alarelin acetate; im). On Days 3 and 6, ewes received 25 and 12.5 mg progesterone (sc), respectively. All ewes received prostaglandin F₂α analogue (250 µg Cloprostenol; im) on Day 6. On Day 7, ewes were divided into two equal groups and received hrFSH (75 IU Follitropin alfa; sc) or didn’t receive any further treatment. Ewes displaying estrus in each group were assigned for mating for 5 days or LapAI at either 4–10 or 20–24 h after estrous detection. Data were analyzed using GLM and Genmod procedures. The tightness of estrus synchrony within 24 h was greater in hrFSH (89.4 %) than No-hrFSH (63.9 %) group (P&lt;0.0001). The respective prolificacy and fecundity were greater in hrFSH (1.81 and 0.96) than No-hrFSH (1.26 and 0.68) group (P&lt;0.05). The respective lambing rate and fecundity rate were greater for ewes mated (61.9 % and 0.96) compared to LapAI (45.5 % and 0.68; P&lt;0.05). Ewes inseminated between 4 and 10 hours after estrous expression had greater sex ratio toward male offspring (1.89) compared to those inseminated between 20 and 24 hours (0.64, P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, hrFSH could be considered as an effective gonadotropin for enhancing the tightness of estrus synchrony, prolificacy and fecundity in the progesterone injection-based estrus synchronization program in ewe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and maternal origins of indigenous sheep populations in north Ethiopia","authors":"Mulata Hayelom Adhena ,&nbsp;Anna M. Johansson ,&nbsp;Getinet Mekuriaw Tarekegn","doi":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smallrumres.2024.107342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated maternal origin and haplotype variants in four sheep populations in the northern Ethiopian Tigray and Afar regions: Abergelle, Elle, Begait, and Tigray Highland. The research involved amplifying a 1088-bp mtDNA control region and sequencing 24 samples and examined haplotype diversity and maternal origins. The maternal origins were determined by using 517 bp of the mtDNA d-loop region, which was matched to globally defined reference sequences. The AMOVA analysis reveals 29.78 % variation in four populations with 13 mutational sites dividing haplogroups A and B. The presence of diverse maternal origins in those indigenous sheep populations is very crucial for future conservation and breeding efforts. To properly grasp their genetic potential, it will therefore be necessary to decipher the entire genome landscape of the indigenous sheep resources in Tigray regional state, the north Ethiopia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21758,"journal":{"name":"Small Ruminant Research","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 107342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921448824001482/pdfft?md5=d79d4e27f2cce392a2fa5b774dc7f174&pid=1-s2.0-S0921448824001482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}