Environmental Impact IV最新文献_第5页

THE IMPACT OF A CO2 REDUCTION TARGET ON THE PRIVATE CAR FLEET IN THE NETHERLANDS 二氧化碳减排目标对荷兰私家车的影响

Environmental Impact IV Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.2495/EID180101

J. Vleugel, F. Bal

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF A CO2 REDUCTION TARGET ON THE PRIVATE CAR FLEET IN THE NETHERLANDS","authors":"J. Vleugel, F. Bal","doi":"10.2495/EID180101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EID180101","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change mitigation calls for a massive reduction in CO2-emissions from human sources. A primary human source is combustion of fossil fuels. Transport by road is one of the major and growing users of fossil fuels worldwide. Private cars with internal combustion engines dominate our roads. This paper discusses the feasibility of aligning CO2-emissions of private cars with the Paris Climate Agreement for 2030. It starts in 2010. Country of study is The Netherlands. The relation between climate change and air pollution is taken aboard. The following research questions will be addressed: How many private cars were there in The Netherlands, how many kilometres were driven and what were their CO2, NOx and PM10 emissions in 2010? What would these values be in the year 2030 assuming continuation of current trends in technology and policy? What could these values be if there were only full electric vehicles (FEV) on the road by 2030? Would behavioural change be necessary to reach the national CO2-reduction target for 2030? In the simulation model assumptions were used about car ownership and volume, electric cars, fuel efficiency and electricity mix. Car production could be limited to the most fuel-efficient and lowest emission electric cars. Buyers’ choice would become restricted. Fulfilling the Dutch CO2-emission reduction target for 2030 is only possible by using state-of-the-art technology in a fleet of 100% full electric cars (FEV) and a major reduction in yearly car kilometres (either per car or via fewer cars). This assumes a revolution in car production and sales and an active mobility reduction and modal shift policy. The first has just started, while the second and third are unlikely after decades of liberal policy-making, which has stimulated car mobility by expanding the road network, increasing maximum speeds and cutting public transport budgets.","PeriodicalId":217537,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact IV","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114714308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF STOCKPILED FOOD IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT STORAGE THROUGH FOOD BANKS IN JAPAN: REDUCTION OF FOOD WASTE 日本通过食物银行有效利用地方政府储存的食物:减少食物浪费

Environmental Impact IV Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.2495/EID180241

Mizuho Sato, M. Nakano, S. Wunderlich

引用次数: 3

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT USING A WEIGHTED GLOBAL INDEX: A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL 使用加权全球指数进行环境影响评估:方法建议

Environmental Impact IV Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.2495/EID180021

A. Ribeiro, Adriano Bressane, F. Fengler, R. Longo, Alessandra Leite da Silva, J. Roveda, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro, G. A. D. Medeiros

{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT USING A WEIGHTED GLOBAL INDEX: A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL","authors":"A. Ribeiro, Adriano Bressane, F. Fengler, R. Longo, Alessandra Leite da Silva, J. Roveda, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro, G. A. D. Medeiros","doi":"10.2495/EID180021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EID180021","url":null,"abstract":"Activities considered effectively or potentially polluting depend on an environmental impact assessment before starting their installation and operations. However, the lack of a structured logical procedure for supporting decision-making may compromise the comparative analysis of alternatives available. In this paper we present a methodological proposal based on a weighted global index (igi ) for comparative analysis in environmental impact assessments. For that, the impact global index (igi), originally developed by Bressane et al., was improved taking into account an additional weighting based on the prioritization of impacts according to their relative importance case-by-case. Then, the new index was used on two case studies. In the first one, the igi was applied to support decisionmaking on maintenance or demolishing of the buildings in situation of irregularity. Secondly, several technologies and siting alternatives have been compared for installing a sewage treatment plant into an urban condominium. As a result, it was found that the weighted impact global index was able to critically and comprehensively evaluate the alternatives available for both cases under study. In conclusion the igi may be considered a promising approach as a method for supporting decisionmaking in environmental impact assessments.","PeriodicalId":217537,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact IV","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124062137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

IMMOBILIZATION AGENTS STUDY OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN COAL ASH 煤灰中有毒元素的固定化剂研究

Environmental Impact IV Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.2495/EID180351

J. C. Izidoro, D. Fungaro, Felipe Campello, S. Guilhen

{"title":"IMMOBILIZATION AGENTS STUDY OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN COAL ASH","authors":"J. C. Izidoro, D. Fungaro, Felipe Campello, S. Guilhen","doi":"10.2495/EID180351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EID180351","url":null,"abstract":"Metal leaching from coal fly ashes into the environment is of a much concern. A series of batch tests were performed to investigate the potential leaching of metals from fly ash modified with organosilane (OS) and quaternary ammonium surfactant (SF). The fly ash was collected at the Figueira Thermal Power Plant, located in the city of Figueira, State of Paraná. Firstly, the influence of ash mass/water volume ratio on the concentration of the elements in the leachates from untreated fly ash was evaluated. Subsequently, the capacities of immobilization of toxic elements by the different immobilizing agents were determined by measuring the pH and conductivity of the leachates from the treated fly ash. A significant reduction in the concentration of the elements was observed for all the leachate samples obtained from the ashes treated with OS. The concentrations were reduced by 89%, 77%, 42% and 11% for Cr, Mo, As and Se, respectively. When SF was used for the ash treatment, the concentration reduction in the leachates was found to be above 60% for all elements. These results show that both the OS and SF can be used as immobilizing agents for the retention of toxic elements presented in coal ashes.","PeriodicalId":217537,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact IV","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126614117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0