Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine最新文献_第6页

Microbiology of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia and the Role of Rapid Molecular Techniques. 严重社区获得性肺炎的微生物学和快速分子技术的作用。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777770

Chiagozie I Pickens, Catherine A Gao, Luisa Morales-Nebreda, Richard G Wunderink

{"title":"Microbiology of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia and the Role of Rapid Molecular Techniques.","authors":"Chiagozie I Pickens, Catherine A Gao, Luisa Morales-Nebreda, Richard G Wunderink","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1777770","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1777770","url":null,"abstract":"The microbiology of severe community acquired pneumonia (SCAP) has implications on management, clinical outcomes and public health policy. Therefore, knowledge of the etiologies of SCAP and methods to identify these microorganisms is key. Bacteria including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae continue to be important causes of SCAP. Viruses remain the most commonly identified etiology of SCAP. Atypical organisms are also important etiologies of SCAP and are critical to identify for public health. With the increased number of immunocompromised individuals, less common pathogens may also be found as the causative agent of SCAP. Traditional diagnostic tests, including semi-quantitative respiratory cultures, blood cultures and urinary antigens continue to hold an important role in the evaluation of patients with SCAP. Many of the limitations of the aforementioned tests are addressed by rapid, molecular diagnostic tests. Molecular diagnostics utilize culture-independent technology to identify species-specific genetic sequences. These tests are often semi-automated and provide results within hours, which provides an opportunity for expedient antibiotic stewardship. The existing literature suggests molecular diagnostic techniques may improve antibiotic stewardship in CAP, and future research should investigate optimal methods for implementation of these assays into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":21727,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"158-168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum: Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation, Intubation, and HFNT. 更正：严重社区获得性肺炎：无创机械通气、插管和 HFNT。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786980

Miquel Ferrer, Gennaro De Pascale, Eloisa S Tanzarella, Massimo Antonelli

引用次数: 0

Aspiration Pneumonia. 吸入性肺炎

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777772

Di Pan, Samuel Chung, Erik Nielsen, Michael S Niederman

引用次数: 0

Viral Pneumonia: From Influenza to COVID-19. 病毒性肺炎：从流感到 COVID-19。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777796

Catia Cilloniz, Guinevere Dy-Agra, Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan, Antoni Torres

引用次数: 0

New Guidelines for Severe Community-acquired Pneumonia. 社区获得性重症肺炎新指南。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777797

Davide Calabretta, Ignacio Martìn-Loeches, Antoni Torres

引用次数: 0

Treatment Failure and Clinical Stability in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia. 严重社区获得性肺炎的治疗失败和临床稳定性。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778139

Raúl Méndez, Paula González-Jiménez, Noé Mengot, Rosario Menéndez

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Long-Term Outcomes in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia. 严重社区获得性肺炎的长期疗效。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1781426

Francesco Carella, Stefano Aliberti, Anna Stainer, Antonio Voza, Francesco Blasi

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers: Are They Useful in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia? 生物标志物：它们对重症社区获得性肺炎有用吗？

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777771

Pedro Póvoa, Melissa Pitrowsky, Gonçalo Guerreiro, Mariana B Pacheco, Jorge I F Salluh

{"title":"Biomarkers: Are They Useful in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia?","authors":"Pedro Póvoa, Melissa Pitrowsky, Gonçalo Guerreiro, Mariana B Pacheco, Jorge I F Salluh","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1777771","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1777771","url":null,"abstract":"Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a prevalent infectious disease often requiring hospitalization, although its diagnosis remains challenging as there is no gold standard test. In severe CAP, clinical and radiologic criteria have poor sensitivity and specificity, and microbiologic documentation is usually delayed and obtained in less than half of sCAP patients. Biomarkers could be an alternative for diagnosis, treatment monitoring and establish resolution. Beyond the existing evidence about biomarkers as an adjunct diagnostic tool, most evidence comes from studies including CAP patients in primary care or emergency departments, and not only sCAP patients. Ideally, biomarkers used in combination with signs, symptoms, and radiological findings can improve clinical judgment to confirm or rule out CAP diagnosis, and may be valuable adjunctive tools for risk stratification, differentiate viral pneumonia and monitoring the course of CAP. While no single biomarker has emerged as an ideal one, CRP and PCT have gathered the most evidence. Overall, biomarkers offer valuable information and can enhance clinical decision-making in the management of CAP, but further research and validation are needed to establish their optimal use and clinical utility.","PeriodicalId":21727,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients. 免疫力低下患者的严重社区获得性肺炎。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778137

Dara Chean, Camille Windsor, Antoine Lafarge, Thibault Dupont, Sabrine Nakaa, Livia Whiting, Adrien Joseph, Virginie Lemiale, Elie Azoulay

{"title":"Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients.","authors":"Dara Chean, Camille Windsor, Antoine Lafarge, Thibault Dupont, Sabrine Nakaa, Livia Whiting, Adrien Joseph, Virginie Lemiale, Elie Azoulay","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1778137","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1778137","url":null,"abstract":"Due to higher survival rates with good quality of life, related to new treatments in the fields of oncology, hematology, and transplantation, the number of immunocompromised patients is increasing. But these patients are at high risk of intensive care unit admission because of numerous complications. Acute respiratory failure due to severe community-acquired pneumonia is one of the leading causes of admission. In this setting, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation is up to 60%, associated with a high hospital mortality rate of around 40 to 50%. A wide range of pathogens according to the reason of immunosuppression is associated with severe pneumonia in those patients: documented bacterial pneumonia represents a third of cases, viral and fungal pneumonia both account for up to 15% of cases. For patients with an undetermined etiology despite comprehensive diagnostic workup, the hospital mortality rate is very high. Thus, a standardized diagnosis strategy should be defined to increase the diagnosis rate and prescribe the appropriate treatment. This review focuses on the benefit-to-risk ratio of invasive or noninvasive strategies, in the era of omics, for the management of critically ill immunocompromised patients with severe pneumonia in terms of diagnosis and oxygenation.","PeriodicalId":21727,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"255-265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Definition, Epidemiology, and Pathogenesis of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia. 严重社区获得性肺炎的定义、流行病学和发病机制。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779016

Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Julio A Ramirez

{"title":"Definition, Epidemiology, and Pathogenesis of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia.","authors":"Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Julio A Ramirez","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779016","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1779016","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical presentation of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) can vary widely among patients. While many individuals with mild symptoms can be managed as outpatients with excellent outcomes, there is a distinct subgroup of patients who present with severe CAP. In these cases, the mortality rate can reach approximately 25% within 30 days and even up to 50% within a year. It is crucial to focus attention on these patients who are at higher risk. Among the various definitions of severe CAP found in the literature, one commonly used criterion is the requirement for admission to intensive care unit. Notable epidemiological characteristics of these patients include the impact of acute cardiovascular diseases on clinical outcomes and the enduring, independent effect of pneumonia on long-term outcomes. Factors such as pathogen virulence, the presence of comorbidities, and the host response are important contributors to the pathogenesis of severe CAP. In these patients, the host response may be dysregulated and compartmentalized. Gaining a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of severe CAP will provide a foundation for the development of new therapies for this condition. This manuscript aims to review the definition, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of severe CAP, shedding light on important aspects that can aid in the improvement of patient care and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21727,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"143-157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0