Seismological Research Letters最新文献_第10页

Dictionary Learning for Single-Channel Passive Seismic Denoising 单通道被动地震去噪的字典学习

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1785/0220230169

Yangkang Chen, Alexandros Savvaidis, Sergey Fomel

{"title":"Dictionary Learning for Single-Channel Passive Seismic Denoising","authors":"Yangkang Chen, Alexandros Savvaidis, Sergey Fomel","doi":"10.1785/0220230169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230169","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Passive seismic denoising is mostly performed using a simple band-pass filter, which can be problematic when signal and noise share the same frequency band. More advanced passive seismic denoising methods take advantage of fixed-basis transforms, for example, the wavelet, to remove noise. Here, we present an open-source package for data-driven denoising based on adaptively learning sparse transform. Contrary to the fixed-basis transforms, the proposed method belongs to the adaptive-basis transforms. We learn the 1D features embedded in the passive seismic data from all the available waveform data sets without requiring spatial coherency in a data-driven way. Thus, the new method is flexible to apply in any passive seismic monitoring project because of its data-driven and single-channel nature when implemented. Considering the computationally expensive K-singular-value-decomposition (KSVD) in the traditional dictionary learning framework, we suggest applying a fast SVD-free dictionary learning method that can be readily applicable to process massive seismic data during passive seismic monitoring. The proposed method is applied to two synthetic data examples and three real passive seismic data sets to demonstrate its effectiveness in improving the signal-to-noise ratio, and its potential in applications like arrival picking. The open-source reproducible package can be found in the Data and Resources section.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-Varying Moment-Tensor Analysis with Application to Buried Chemical Explosions 时变矩张量分析及其在埋藏化学爆炸中的应用

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1785/0220230139

Jonas A. Kintner, Kenneth Michael Cleveland, James Eric Pippin, Ryan Thomas Modrak, Brent Delbridge

{"title":"Time-Varying Moment-Tensor Analysis with Application to Buried Chemical Explosions","authors":"Jonas A. Kintner, Kenneth Michael Cleveland, James Eric Pippin, Ryan Thomas Modrak, Brent Delbridge","doi":"10.1785/0220230139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230139","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Source Physics Experiment (SPE) Phase I consisted of a series of over-buried, horizontally colocated chemical explosions at the Nevada National Security Site. Seismic waveforms from these explosions recorded at near-source accelerometers, local geophone arrays, and regional seismic stations provided a rich suite of observations suitable for resolving fine source details. To investigate the time-varying source history of the explosions, we used the frequency-domain moment-tensor inversion method described in Yang et al. (2018) with added regularization and reconstruction to suppress the nonuniqueness evident in unconstrained inversion results. The inverted moment-rate spectra are accurate within the response band of the local geophones and, in all cases, display predominately isotropic characteristics. For SPE-4Prime, SPE-5, and SPE-6, we resolve predominately isotropic moment release followed by double couple and compensated linear vector dipole (CLVD) release later in the time-varying source history. We interpret these results both in terms of absolute depth and scaled depth of burial. The apparent non-isotropic release from SPE-4Prime and SPE-5 may simply reflect increased resolving power related to improved Earth model accuracy at greater absolute depths, whereas the non-isotropic release from SPE-6 likely reflects the larger damage associated with an event at a shallower scaled depth. These results provide insight into the time-varying source characteristics of shallow explosions and motivation to study shear-wave generation by inverting for fracture, spallation, induced slip, and other temporally delayed source processes through time-varying methods.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for China Based on Bayesian Network 基于贝叶斯网络的中国地震危险性概率分析

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1785/0220230159

Chang Liu, Da-Gang Lu

引用次数: 0

Characterizing Deep, Shallow, and Surface Fault Zone Deformation of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, China, Earthquake 中国玛多2021 Mw 7.4地震深、浅、地表断裂带形变特征

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1785/0220230115

Dezheng Zhao, Chunyan Qu, Roland Bürgmann, Xinjian Shan

引用次数: 0

The New Zealand Paleoseismic Site Database, Version 1.0 新西兰古地震站点数据库，1.0版

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1785/0220230150

Nicola J. Litchfield, Jade Humphrey, Regine Morgenstern, Robert M. Langridge, Genevieve L. Coffey, Russ J. Van Dissen

{"title":"The New Zealand Paleoseismic Site Database, Version 1.0","authors":"Nicola J. Litchfield, Jade Humphrey, Regine Morgenstern, Robert M. Langridge, Genevieve L. Coffey, Russ J. Van Dissen","doi":"10.1785/0220230150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230150","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Site-specific paleoseismic data are key datasets underpinning the parameterization of large (Mw∼7+) earthquakes on faults in seismic hazard models. For the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model 2022 Revision Project (NZ NSHM 2022), a new database, the NZ Paleoseismic Site Database (NZ PSDB), was developed that contains paleoseismic (slip rate, earthquake timings, recurrence interval [RI], and single-event displacement [SED]) data for crustal (upper plate) active faults. The first edition version 1.0 (v.1.0) was modeled on datasets underpinning the Third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3) and builds on and significantly improves previous NZ compilations. Key improvements include documentation of the data underlying these parameters, such as offset measurements and ages for slip rate, and assignment of quality rankings for key attributes. The NZ PSDB v.1.0 contains 2811 records, subdivided into slip rate (871), earthquake timings (953), and SED (987); the earthquake timings dataset also includes 320 last event and 98 RI records. Because of time constraints, the most effort went into compiling the slip-rate records, in priority from highest to lowest slip rates, and the least amount of time was spent on the SED dataset, prioritizing records from historical earthquakes. The compilation also aimed to obtain as much geographical spread as possible, but the records only lie on a relatively small (maximum, 24%) number of faults and fault sections in the NZ Community Fault Model v.1.0. The most significant spatial gaps are offshore and in the southern and western South Island. The NZ PSDB v.1.0 contains both published and unpublished data, and many sites were relocated using high-resolution basemaps. However, radiocarbon ages were not recalibrated using a consistent calibration curve. Developing a process to efficiently recalibrate radiocarbon ages, as well as filling key data gaps, are current focuses of work toward v.2.0.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135768722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Seismic and Liquefaction Hazard Maps for Five Western Tennessee Counties 田纳西州西部五个县的地震和液化危险图

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1785/0220230036

Chris H. Cramer, Roy B. Van Arsdale, David Arellano, Shahram Pezeshk, Stephen P. Horton, Taylor Weathers, Nima Nazemi, Hamed Tohidi, Renee Reichenbacher, Valarie Harrison, Roshan R. Bhattarai, Mohsen Akhani, Karim Bouzeid, Gary L. Patterson

{"title":"Seismic and Liquefaction Hazard Maps for Five Western Tennessee Counties","authors":"Chris H. Cramer, Roy B. Van Arsdale, David Arellano, Shahram Pezeshk, Stephen P. Horton, Taylor Weathers, Nima Nazemi, Hamed Tohidi, Renee Reichenbacher, Valarie Harrison, Roshan R. Bhattarai, Mohsen Akhani, Karim Bouzeid, Gary L. Patterson","doi":"10.1785/0220230036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A five-year seismic and liquefaction hazard mapping project for five western Tennessee counties began in 2017 and supported natural hazard mitigation efforts in Lake, Dyer, Lauderdale, Tipton, and Madison counties. Additional geological, geotechnical, and geophysical information has been gathered in all five counties to improve the base northern Mississippi Embayment hazard maps of Dhar and Cramer (2017). Information gathered includes additional geological and geotechnical subsurface exploration logs, water table level data collection, new measurements of shallow shear-wave velocity (VS) profiles, and the compilation of existing VS profiles in and around the counties. Improvements have been made in the 3D geological model, water table model, the geotechnical liquefaction probability curves, and the VS correlation with lithology model for these counties. The resulting updated soil response amplification distributions on a 0.5 km grid were combined with the 2014 U.S. Geological Survey seismic hazard model (Petersen et al., 2014) earthquake sources and attenuation models to add the effect of local geology for Lake, Dyer, Lauderdale, Tipton, and Madison Counties. The resulting products are similar to the Memphis and Shelby County urban seismic hazard maps recently updated by Cramer, Dhar, and Arellano (2018). Generally, the effect of local geology is to reduce seismic hazard at short periods and increase it at long periods. Liquefaction hazard is high only in the alluvial lowlands, but not in the loess covered uplands.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136100435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Postseismic Creep Following Large Earthquakes Revealed by Repeating Aftershocks in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau 青藏高原东南部反复余震揭示的大地震后深层蠕变

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1785/0220230075

Shujun Liu, Chi-Chia Tang

引用次数: 0

Quantitative Earthquake Loss Estimates the New Frontier 定量地震损失估算的新前沿

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1785/0220230192

Max Wyss

{"title":"Quantitative Earthquake Loss Estimates the New Frontier","authors":"Max Wyss","doi":"10.1785/0220230192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230192","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since 2003, an early focus has emerged on estimating earthquake fatalities, injuries, and financial losses. This new inquiry is not yet practiced by a majority of researchers, even though one might argue it is the most important question in seismology today. No sensitive structures like reservoir dams and nuclear power plants could be built without a detailed seismic hazard analysis specifically focused on the site. On the other hand, cities near large active faults do not have their building codes determined by rigorous and specific seismic hazard and risk analyses. This contrast is startling. It seems that where mostly money is at stake, it is mandatory to consider deterministic seismic hazard analyses for construction, whereas where mostly lives are at stake, it is not. I advocate that it should be mandatory for every major city near active faults to have the seismic hazard and risk estimated so as to put an adequate local building code and other safety measures in place. To this end, a standard procedure should be defined to assess local earthquake risk in populated areas exposed to earthquake hazards. In numerous countries, the population numbers in villages, as well as the locations and sizes of schools and hospitals, are not known, and some governments refuse to distribute this information, in spite of the fact that it would be for humanitarian purposes. Because the Open Street Map and Open Building Map begin to cover the globe, this missing information, essential for first responders in natural disasters, will become available and will contribute to preparing populations at risk to reduce the impact of unavoidable future earthquakes.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting the Future Performance of the Planned Seismic Network in Chinese Mainland 预测中国大陆规划地震台网的未来性能

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1785/0220230102

Jiawei Li, Arnaud Mignan, Didier Sornette, Yu Feng

{"title":"Predicting the Future Performance of the Planned Seismic Network in Chinese Mainland","authors":"Jiawei Li, Arnaud Mignan, Didier Sornette, Yu Feng","doi":"10.1785/0220230102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The China Earthquake Administration has currently launched an ambitious nationwide seismicity monitoring network project that will increase the number of stations from ∼950 to 2000 for the broadband seismic stations used to compile the earthquake catalog. The new network is planned to go online by the end of 2023. For more than half of Chinese mainland, the interstation distance of the broadband seismic network will soon be smaller than 100 km, for 27% smaller than 50 km, and for 6% smaller than 25 km. Of all possible ways to characterize the higher-resolution monitoring of the frequent smaller earthquakes expected inside Chinese mainland, the completeness magnitude (Mc) remains one of the most commonly used. Using the prior model of the Bayesian magnitude of completeness method calibrated on the Chinese earthquake catalog from 1 January 2009 to 26 June 2022, we predict the spatial distribution of Mc for the new network based on the planned network configuration. If almost the entire Chinese mainland is at present covered down to Mc=3.3, this threshold will fall to Mc=2.9 in the near future. This means approximately two times more earthquakes will be recorded in the complete catalog available for statistical analysis per year (for a = 6.77 and b = 0.80 in the Gutenberg–Richter law log10N=a−b·M, in which N represents the number of events of magnitude larger than or equal to M and M≥Mc). Based on the observation that abnormal seismicity as precursors are most likely to be observed at least at three units below the mainshock magnitude, and assuming earthquakes to be potentially damaging at M ≥ 5, the new seismic network shall achieve the goal of 76% coverage for optimal seismic-based earthquake prediction research.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"361 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Capsule Neural Network Guided by Compact Convolutional Transformer for Discriminating Earthquakes from Quarry Blasts 基于紧凑卷积变压器的胶囊神经网络识别采石场爆炸地震

3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1785/0220230101

Omar M. Saad, M. Sami Soliman, Yangkang Chen, Abutaleb A. Amin, H. E. Abdelhafiez

{"title":"Capsule Neural Network Guided by Compact Convolutional Transformer for Discriminating Earthquakes from Quarry Blasts","authors":"Omar M. Saad, M. Sami Soliman, Yangkang Chen, Abutaleb A. Amin, H. E. Abdelhafiez","doi":"10.1785/0220230101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Misclassified nonearthquake seismic events like quarry blasts can contaminate the earthquake catalog. The local earthquakes sometimes have similar features as the quarry blasts, which makes manual discrimination difficult and unreliable. Thus, we propose to use the compact convolutional transformer (CCT) and capsule neural network to discriminate between earthquakes and quarry blasts. First, we extract 60 s three-channel seismograms, that is, 10 and 50 s before and after the P-wave arrival time. Then, we transform the time-series data into a time–frequency domain (scalogram) using the continuous wavelet transform. Afterward, we utilize the CCT network to extract the most significant features from the input scalograms. The capsule neural network is utilized to extract the spatial relation between the extracted features using the routing-by-agreement approach (dynamic routing). The capsule neural network extracts different digit vectors for the earthquake and the quarry blast classes, allowing a robust classification accuracy. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using the seismic dataset recorded by the Egyptian Seismic Network. The dataset is divided into 80% for training and 20% for testing. Although the dataset is unbalanced, the proposed algorithm shows promising results. The testing accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 97.31%. The precision, recall, and F1-score are 97.23%, 98.83%, and 98.02%, respectively. In addition, the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional deep learning models, for example, convolutional neural network, ResNet, Visual Geometry Group (VGG), and AlexNet networks. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated to enjoy a high-generalization ability through a real-time monitoring experiment.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135739711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0