Seismological Research Letters最新文献

Nominations for the Next Joyner Lecturer Due 30 June 下届乔伊纳讲师提名截止日期 6 月 30 日

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0220240178

引用次数: 0

Follow the Trace: Becoming a Seismo‐Detective with a Campus‐Based Raspberry Shake Seismometer 追踪踪迹：利用校园树莓震源地震仪成为地震侦探

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0220230365

Eric Löberich, Maureen D. Long

{"title":"Follow the Trace: Becoming a Seismo‐Detective with a Campus‐Based Raspberry Shake Seismometer","authors":"Eric Löberich, Maureen D. Long","doi":"10.1785/0220230365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230365","url":null,"abstract":"Seismic signals, whether caused by earthquakes, other natural phenomena, or artificial noise sources, have specific characteristics in the time and frequency domains that contain crucial information reflecting their source. The analysis of seismic time series is an essential part of every seismology‐oriented study program. Enabling students to work with data collected from their own campus, including signals from both anthropogenic and natural seismic sources, can provide vivid, practical examples to make abstract concepts communicated in classes more concrete and relevant. Data from research‐grade broadband seismometers enable us to record time series of vibrations at a broad range of frequencies; however, these sensors are costly and are often deployed in remote places. Participation in the Raspberry Shake citizen science network enables seismology educators to record seismic signals on our own campuses and use these recordings in our classrooms and for public outreach. Yale University installed a Raspberry Shake three‐component, low‐cost seismometer in the Earth and Planetary Sciences department building in Summer 2022, enabling the detection of local, regional, and teleseismic earthquakes, microseismic noise, and anthropogenic noise sources from building construction, an explosive event in a steam tunnel, and general building use. Here, we discuss and illustrate the use of data from our Raspberry Shake in outreach and education activities at Yale. In particular, we highlight a series of ObsPy‐based exercises that will be used in courses taught in our department, including our upper‐level Introduction to Seismology course and our undergraduate classes on Natural Disasters and Forensic Geoscience.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microseismic Event Location with Dual Vertical DAS Arrays: Insights from the FORGE 2022 Stimulation 使用双垂直 DAS 阵列进行微地震事件定位：FORGE 2022 刺激项目的启示

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0220230128

Eyal Shimony, Ariel Lellouch

{"title":"Microseismic Event Location with Dual Vertical DAS Arrays: Insights from the FORGE 2022 Stimulation","authors":"Eyal Shimony, Ariel Lellouch","doi":"10.1785/0220230128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230128","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the resolvability of a microseismic event location given a recording array composed of vertical distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) boreholes. We use a modified source‐scanning algorithm that takes into account both P and S waves. We transform the brightness maps it produces into probability density functions (PDFs), over which we carry out a resolution and uncertainty analysis. We apply this approach to microseismic events recorded by two vertical DAS boreholes as part of the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) project. We show that for the specific acquisition geometry in FORGE, the horizontal location of the events cannot be determined, but their depth can, similar to results obtained with a single borehole. Using synthetic examples, we show that the recording array’s geometry is the limiting factor in the determination of the horizontal location. We investigate various possible recording geometries composed of idealized DAS‐like vertical boreholes with varying locations and depths. We find that, besides the number of recordingd boreholes, their depth is the main factor influencing the location estimation uncertainty. The number and position of the boreholes mainly influence the spatial distribution of the PDF, whereas the boreholes’ depth mainly influences its size. Despite the simplicity of our analysis, it highlights the influence of the monitoring array design for microseismic events’ locating using vertical DAS arrays.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Empirical Source‐Scaling Laws for Crustal Earthquakes Incorporating Fault Dip and Seismogenic‐Thickness Effects 包含断层倾角和成震厚度效应的地壳地震新经验震源尺度法

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0220240034

Jyun‐Yan Huang, Norman A. Abrahamson, Chih‐Hsuan Sung, Shu‐Hsien Chao

{"title":"New Empirical Source‐Scaling Laws for Crustal Earthquakes Incorporating Fault Dip and Seismogenic‐Thickness Effects","authors":"Jyun‐Yan Huang, Norman A. Abrahamson, Chih‐Hsuan Sung, Shu‐Hsien Chao","doi":"10.1785/0220240034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240034","url":null,"abstract":"New global source‐scaling relations for the aspect ratio and rupture area for crustal earthquakes that include the width‐limited effect and a possible free‐surface effect are derived using a global dataset of finite‐fault rupture models. In contrast to the commonly used scaling relations between moment magnitude (M), fault length (L), width (W), and area, we built self‐consistent scaling relations by relating M to the aspect ratio (L/W) and to the fault area to model the change in the aspect ratio once the rupture width reaches the down‐dip width limit of the fault. The width‐limited effect of large‐magnitude earthquakes depends on the fault dip and a regional term for the seismogenic thickness. The magnitude scaling of the aspect ratio includes a break in the magnitude scaling that is dip angle dependent. This dip angle‐dependent magnitude scaling in the magnitude–area relation is modeled by a trilinear relation incorporating a dip‐related transition range. The effect of the free surface was observed using a normalized depth term and parameterizing the source by the depth of the top of the fault rupture; it is more apparent in the area scaling relation. The scaling differences are related to the fault geometry, not to the rake angle, as commonly assumed. Finally, the corresponding L and W scaling relations obtained by converting the area and aspect ratio models to L and W models not only show good agreement with the previous regional scaling laws on average but also provide better fault‐specific application due to the inclusion of a fault‐specific dip angle and seismogenic thickness.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Imaging Urban Hidden Faults with Ambient Noise Recorded by Dense Seismic Arrays 利用密集地震阵列记录的环境噪声成像城市隐藏断层

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1785/0220230408

Ettore Biondi, Jorge C. Castellanos, Robert W. Clayton

引用次数: 0

WA Array: A High-Resolution Passive-Source Seismic Survey to Image the West Australian Lithosphere 西澳大利亚阵列：高分辨率被动源地震勘测，为西澳大利亚岩石圈成像

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1785/0220230415

R. Murdie, Huaiyu Yuan, John P. O’Donnell, Simon P. Johnson, Reza Ebrahimi, M. Rashidifard

{"title":"WA Array: A High-Resolution Passive-Source Seismic Survey to Image the West Australian Lithosphere","authors":"R. Murdie, Huaiyu Yuan, John P. O’Donnell, Simon P. Johnson, Reza Ebrahimi, M. Rashidifard","doi":"10.1785/0220230415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230415","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In late 2022, the Geological Survey of Western Australia commenced the deployment of a new 10 yr seismic imaging array, Western Australia (WA) array. With the geological history of WA stretching from the Archean to the present, WA array is a natural platform for the study of lithospheric structures pre- and post-establishment of the modern plate tectonics. Despite being a stable craton, certain parts of WA have high seismic activity. This large-scale initiative will map areas of seismic risk for industrial infrastructure and future land use planning and investigate its relationship with the crustal and lithospheric mantle structures using a variety of methods. An economic objective is to identify prospective regions for mineral and energy exploration, especially in areas that have previously been underexplored or for new commodities such as hydrogen. The WA array imaging program will cover the whole State, more than 2.5 million square kilometers, using a grid station spacing of 40 km. The data acquisition is predicted to take 10 yr during which time 1600 stations will be deployed. It is anticipated that this will become one of the largest passive seismic investigations yet instigated. Here, we present and discuss the array design, current deployment status, initial modeling results, expected model updates, and potential implications for the program.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Ojai California Earthquake of 20 August 2023: Earthquake Early Warning Performance and Alert Recipient Response in the Mw 5.1 Event 2023 年 8 月 20 日加利福尼亚州奥哈伊地震：5.1 级地震中的地震预警性能和警报接收者的反应

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1785/0220240023

James D. Goltz, David J. Wald, Sara K. McBride, E.Harish Reddy, V. Quitoriano, J. Saunders

{"title":"The Ojai California Earthquake of 20 August 2023: Earthquake Early Warning Performance and Alert Recipient Response in the Mw 5.1 Event","authors":"James D. Goltz, David J. Wald, Sara K. McBride, E.Harish Reddy, V. Quitoriano, J. Saunders","doi":"10.1785/0220240023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A magnitude 5.1 earthquake in California rarely generates more than momentary notice—a headline in local newspapers and a mention with footage on the evening news—then fades into obscurity for most people. But this earthquake, which occurred near the city of Ojai, is important for seismologists, social scientists, emergency managers, policymakers, and others who are engaged in implementing and improving earthquake early warning (EEW) technology and in assessing its value in public warnings. In this earthquake, ShakeAlert, the EEW system for the West Coast of the United States operated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), was publicly activated and, for the first time, a substantial number of those who received alerts provided feedback on various aspects of the alerts they received. To capture data related to public attitudes and assessments regarding this and future alerts, a supplemental questionnaire was developed and associated with the “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) earthquake reporting system, also operated by the USGS. The DYFI system received over 14,000 felt reports; 2490 of these were by people who received or expected to receive an alert before the onset of earthquake motion at their locations. This article analyzes the aggregate results of these EEW user reports, touching on the respondent’s situation upon receiving the alert, characteristics of the alert received, and, perhaps, most importantly, how the alert recipient responded if received before feeling earthquake motion. The new DYFI EEW supplemental questionnaire also inquired about respondent views of alert usefulness and preferences in future alerts. Our report provides a first glimpse of a range of behaviors, attitudes, and assessments by users of the recently implemented EEW system for the U.S. West Coast.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-Station Multiparametric Seismic Monitoring of Copahue Volcano, Argentina–Chile (2018–2023) 阿根廷-智利科帕休火山单站多参数地震监测（2018-2023 年）

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1785/0220240074

J. A. Casas, G. Badi, T. D. Mikesell, Sebastián García, D. Draganov

{"title":"Single-Station Multiparametric Seismic Monitoring of Copahue Volcano, Argentina–Chile (2018–2023)","authors":"J. A. Casas, G. Badi, T. D. Mikesell, Sebastián García, D. Draganov","doi":"10.1785/0220240074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240074","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Knowledge about the temporal evolution of a volcano is fundamental for an accurate understanding of the occurring physical dynamic processes and an appropriate assessment of the most probable near-future volcanic scenarios. Using seismic data recorded in the area of one of the most hazardous volcanoes along the Argentina–Chile, international border—Copahue volcano, we obtain information for an improved interpretation of the processes that occurred before, during, and after eruptive events. We use a single-station methodology to assess variations in the mechanical properties and internal structure of the Copahue volcano. Thus, we obtain information about structural alterations, friction and fractures, and variations in rigidity in the volcanic system. Our results show that the time variations of the evaluated seismic parameters correlate to the volcanic phenomena observed on the surface, that is, incandescence and ash emissions. Accounting for the physical processes, to which the analyzed seismic parameters are sensitive, and previous models developed for the area, we propose a physical model explaining the eruptive events that occurred at Copahue in the period 2018–2023. This model can potentially be used for the assessment of future scenarios, which is of fundamental importance for the institutions in charge of the real-time monitoring of Copahue volcano to improve the quality of their evidence-based decisions.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining 22 Years of Ambient Seismic Wavefield at Mount St. Helens 检查圣海伦火山 22 年的环境地震波场

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1785/0220240079

M. Köpfli, M. Denolle, W. Thelen, Peter Makus, Stephen D. Malone

{"title":"Examining 22 Years of Ambient Seismic Wavefield at Mount St. Helens","authors":"M. Köpfli, M. Denolle, W. Thelen, Peter Makus, Stephen D. Malone","doi":"10.1785/0220240079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240079","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An increase in seismic activity precedes most volcanic eruptions. Whereas event-based forecasting approaches have been successful, some eruptions remain unanticipated, resulting in casualties and damage. Our study leverages the recent advancements in ambient field seismology. We explore features extracted from continuous ambient fields using traditional methods, for example, peak ground velocity, peak ground acceleration, root mean square, root median square, real-time seismic amplitude measurement, and novel methods (displacement seismic amplitude ratio and spectral width). In addition, we explore unsupervised learning of higher order wavelet features using scattering networks. We find that combining all the methods was necessary to disentangle the effects of seismic sources from structural changes at Mount St. Helens. Although the ambient wavefield-based approach does not yield additional or more significant precursory signals than event-based methods at Mount St. Helens, our study demonstrates that the ambient wavefield provides supplementary information, mainly about structural changes and complements traditional methods. The ambient seismic wavefield offers additional insights into long-lasting processes. We find enhanced wave attenuation correlating with geochemical measurements. We interpret this as ongoing structural changes, such as dome growth or the evolution of the volcanic conduit system. On annual and decadal timescales, we interpret seasonal seismic attenuation in the shallow subsurface as groundwater fluctuations, corroborated by observations at the nearby Spirit Lake level. This multimethod approach at Mount St. Helens sheds light on a volcanic system’s underlying dynamics and structure.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ramp-Flat and Splay Faulting Illuminated by Frictional Afterslip Following the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab Earthquake 2017 年 7.3 级 Sarpol-e Zahab 地震后摩擦性后滑所照亮的斜面-平面和展布断层

IF 3.3 3区地球科学

Seismological Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1785/0220230425

Zelong Guo, M. Baes, M. Motagh

{"title":"Ramp-Flat and Splay Faulting Illuminated by Frictional Afterslip Following the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab Earthquake","authors":"Zelong Guo, M. Baes, M. Motagh","doi":"10.1785/0220230425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230425","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As the largest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the fold-and-thrust belt of the northwestern Zagros mountain so far, the fault structure of the 2017 Mw 7.3 Sarpol-e Zahab earthquake and its contribution to regional crustal shortening remain controversial. Here, we utilize the integration of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and 2D finite element models incorporating various fault geometries such as planar faults, ramp-flat faults, and the combined models of ramp-flat and splay faults to explore frictional afterslip process due to coseismic stress changes following the mainshock. Our findings suggest that a ramp-flat frictional afterslip model, characterized by the maximum afterslip of ∼1.0 m and frictional variations (Δμ) of ∼0.001 and ∼0.0002 for the up-dip and down-dip portions, respectively, better explains the long-wavelength postseismic deformation than planar fault models. However, an integration model of a ramp-flat and a splay fault further improves the model fit, although the splay fault’s frictional slip is limited to <0.2 m, which is much smaller than that on the ramp-flat part (∼0.9 m). Considering the relocated aftershocks and structural cross-sections, the combined model could be best attributed to fault slip on the blind Mountain Front fault. Our findings thus suggest the complexity of the fault interactions between the basement and sedimentary cover in the Zagros, and that this largest basement-involved event in the region contributes to both thick- and thin-skinned shortening via seismic and aseismic behaviors, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21687,"journal":{"name":"Seismological Research Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0