Science of Advanced Materials最新文献

{"title":"Cytotoxicity Modelling of Pasteurella multocida Toxin and Its Histological Study","authors":"Heng Lu, Huanhuan Shen, Yong Huang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4535","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which the recombinant multicidal Bartonella toxin rPMT damages PK15 cells. We successfully constructed the prokaryotic expression vector pCold I-toxA and identified suitable expression and purification conditions for rPMT. Using the CCK8 assay, we established a cellular damage model and found that PK15 cells were significantly affected by rPMT infection at a concentration of 20 ug/mL for 24 h. Flow cytometry experiments revealed that rPMT induced apoptosis in PK15 cells. To further understand the underlying mechanism, we prepared a potent murine anti-polyclonal antibody against rPMT and evaluated its effectiveness (potency of 1:1000). In mouse experiments, the LD50 of rPMT was determined to be 0.460 ng/g. Transcriptome sequencing data indicated that rPMT injury to PK15 cells led to elevated expression of inflammation-related pathways and genes. Additionally, QPCR experiments confirmed that rPMT injury significantly upregulated the expression of inflammation-related factors, including NLRP3, IL-1 β , IL-6, IL-8, and TNF- α , compared to normal PK15 cells. In conclusion, the recombinant PMT toxin (rPMT) used in this study exhibited high biological activity and caused significant damage to PK15 cells, possibly through an inflammatory validation effect. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying rPMT-induced cellular damage and its potential role in inflammation-related pathways.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Coal Gangue Based LSX Zeolite and Its Application for Zn²⁺ and Ni²⁺ Adsorption","authors":"Wang Lixiang, Zhang Sijia, Zang Ye, Zhang Rui, Qi Liming, Wang Xiaoli","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4558","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, LSX zeolite was synthesized in a sodium-potassium system through the traditional hydrothermal synthesis method with coal gangue in Wuhai area as raw material. The synthesized products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, IR and so on. The synthetic LSX zeolite was utilized to adsorb simulated wastewater containing Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ , and the optimal adsorption conditions were determined. The removal rate and adsorption capacity of Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ were studied under these conditions, which were 96.36%, 96.83%, 96.36, 72.62 mg/g, respectively. The zeolite after adsorption saturation can be recycled 4 times in the mixed solution of 6% NaOH and 1% NaCl as the regenerant, and the regeneration rate is above 90%.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"2019 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor in Municipal Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Yongrong Shen, Pingping Sun, Liang Ye, Dong Xu","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4531","url":null,"abstract":"Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR), as a new technology to achieve efficient energy recovery from municipal wastewater, has received widespread attention, but it still faces huge technical and economic challenges. The technical characteristics of AnMBR for municipal sewage treatment and the long-term control method of membrane fouling need further research, and the efficient operation at low temperature needs to be further solved. This review aims to discuss the research progress and bottleneck of AnMBR for municipal wastewater treatment through process characteristics, membrane fouling formation mechanism, low temperature regulation method and action mechanism. This paper discusses the main challenges and solutions in the process application process, and on this basis, looks forward to the development direction of AnMBR in municipal wastewater treatment. It aims to provide a reference for promoting AnMBR to treat low-concentration municipal sewage and realize the reuse of resources and energy in sewage.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Mechanical Properties, Corrosion Resistance and Biocompatibility of Zn-1Mg-0.3Y Alloys Through Equal Channel Angular Pressing","authors":"Bi Zhang, Yishen Chen, Yong Yang, Houyun Gu, Hui You","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4557","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses refining the microstructure of Zn–Mg–Y alloy via equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), leading to enhanced mechanical properties of the Zn alloy. Following ECAP, the strength and elongation of the Zn–Mg–Y alloy increased from 227 MPa and 3% in the as-cast state to 350 MPa and 23%. The increase in strength is primarily attributed to the reduction in grain size, the refinement of the lamellar eutectic Mg 2 Zn 11 phase, and the granular YZn 12 phase. Additionally, the nanoscale precipitates generated during ECAP-induced deformation can also contribute positively to strengthening. Beyond strength enhancement, the refinement of the second phase can mitigate stress concentration at the Zn/Mg 2 Zn 11 and Zn/YZn 12 interfaces, thereby enhancing the deformability of the Zn alloy. Electrochemical and immersion experiments demonstrate an enhanced corrosion resistance of the Zn–Mg–Y alloy after ECAP processing. This improvement can be primarily attributed to the increased uniformity of the microstructure after refinement, which inhibits the occurrence of localized corrosion. Regarding biocompatibility, Zn–Mg–Y alloys in both the cast and ECAP states exhibited cell viabilities exceeding 100% in MC3T3 cell cultures using 50% and 25% extracts, outperforming the control group of Ti. In summary, the Zn–Mg–Y alloy prepared through ECAP significantly enhances mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. These findings open new avenues for advancing the development of improved degradable Zn alloys.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core–Shell Electrode Material Co₉S₈@Ni(OH)₂ for High-Performance Supercapacitors","authors":"Jian Wang, Yucai Li, Shiwei Song","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4556","url":null,"abstract":"Developing electrodes with hybrid architectures holds significant importance in enhancing the efficiency of energy storage and conversion processes. In general, single-component metal oxides tend to exhibit poor operational stability and sluggish ionic-electron mobility. To address these issues, we have successfully synthesized a hybrid-structured material, Co 8 S 9 @Ni(OH) 2 , leveraging the easily modifiable characteristics of spinel-structured Co 8 S 9 . This hybrid material was prepared through a hydrothermal synthesis method. The resulting Co 8 S 9 @Ni(OH) 2 hybrid structure demonstrates an impressive specific capacitance of 1029 C g −1 at 1 A g −1 , accompanied by outstanding stability. In addition, the as-prepared samples shows a capacitance retention of 81.09% initial capacitance, indicating that the as-prepared sample possess an excellent cycle stability.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Polyamidoamine-Dendrimer Nanoparticles Combined with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Microenvironment on the Growth and Immune Infiltration of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Line CNE-1","authors":"Wei Zhou, Bin Lan, Qiong Liu, Zhaolong Li","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4522","url":null,"abstract":"In tumor immunotherapy, Treg cells are immune suppressor cells that are difficult to completely eliminate. To address this issue, a nano-delivery system needs to be designed that includes chemotherapeutic agents and multidrug resistance reversal agents to achieve a cascade of immune chemotherapy enhancement. In this study, polyamidoamine-dendrimer (PAMAM) was utilized as the raw material to prepare a dual-sensitive nano-carrier that is both pH and reduction responsive, and loaded with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and the multidrug resistance reversal agent, elacridar (ELC), to generate YPAMAM nanoparticles. Physicochemical property analysis was performed, and the effect of the nanoparticles on extracellular anti-angiogenesis was examined using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A culture microenvironment was established using human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-1) and YPAMAM-HUVEC, which was rolled into three groups: 100% CNE-1 supernatant (group A), 50% HUVEC-YPAMAM (5:1) supernatant+50% CNE-1 supernatant (group B), and 100% HUVEC-YPAMAM (5:1) supernatant (group C). The effect of each group on the growth and immune infiltration of CNE-1 cells was analyzed. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the nano-carrier was successfully synthesized, and the particle size of the nanoparticles with various DOX/ELC ratios ranged between 10–20 nm. The prepared nanoparticles exhibited high encapsulation efficiency and simultaneous release of both drugs, with a clear reduction and pH sensitivity. Furthermore, nanoparticles applied to HUVEC could promote vascular rupture, and fluorescence staining showed that the microenvironment could reduce VEGF level and inhibit tumor metastasis. The CNE-1 cell adhesion rate and proliferation rate of groups B and C were dramatically inferior to those of group A ( P <0.01). Comparison of the various tumor tissue extract groups indicated that the established microenvironment could inhibit the infiltration of CNE-1 cells in tissue, thereby demonstrating that the constructed microenvironment can improve the immunosuppressive effect of tumors.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> Extract on Cognitive Function Recovery and Inflammatory Factors in Rats After Anesthesia","authors":"Kang Luo, Xulin Liu, Peng Liao, Yaqin Chen, Yanyuan Dai","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4521","url":null,"abstract":"This research was aimed to investigated the impacts of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on cognitive function and inflammatory factors in rats after anesthesia. Firstly, the primary cultured cortical neurons of rats were prepared in culture medium, to which different concentrations of GbE were added, and cell viability was observed. Twenty SD rats were selected, among which 10 rats were made into a model of neurological dysfunction, and the other 10 were used as controls. The correlation between neurological dysfunction and inflammatory factors was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation (PRC) analysis. Another 40 SD rats were screened and grouped into 4 (a model (M) group, a treatment (T) group, a prevention (P) group, and a blank (B) group). Rats in the P and T treatments were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg GbE injection before or after anesthesia induction, while an equal amount of 0.9% NaCl solution was administrated in M and B groups once a day for 3 days. Morris water maze (MWM) and open filed test (OFT) were employed to assess the cognitive function of rats in different groups. Furthermore, the levels of inflammatory factors of rats in various groups were compared on day 1 and day 7. Results revealed that GbE can enhance neural cell viability, reduce lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and alleviate changes in cell nuclear morphology and DNA fragmentation. In terms of correlation, the NIHSS score was positively associated with TNF- α and IL-1 β , and negatively correlated with IL-10 (all P <0.05). Besides, the escape latency was greatly shortened, memory time was prolonged, and the TNF- α and IL-1 β were downshifted in P and T groups to the conditions in the M group, showing great differences with P <0.05. This study demonstrated that GbE could inhibit neural cell apoptosis (NCA), remarkably improve the cognitive dysfunction in rats after anesthesia, and regulate the inflammatory factors.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Lipid Microbubble/Paclitaxel Nanoparticle Complex and Its <i>In Vitro</i> Antigastric Tumor Effect Mediating the STAT3-NF-<i>κ</i>B Pathway","authors":"Wenhao Sun, Tianyuan Chen, Yuehua Yan, Heng Chen, Yang Yang, Yulan Wang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4519","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, lipid microbubbles (MBs) were prepared first, and then Tat peptide, carboxylated heparin, amino biotin, and amino folic acid were successively synthesized. After a certain amount of paclitaxel was added, paclitaxel nanoparticles (NPs) with a double-ligand were obtained through reaction. The lipid MBs prepared above were added to streptavidin. After washing and purification, the lipid MBs and double-ligand paclitaxel NPs were added. After incubation on ice, the lipid MB-double-ligand paclitaxel NP complex was obtained. In addition to the physical characterization of the materials, human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and lung cancer cells A549 were first utilized to test the biological properties of the NP complex In Vitro and then utilized to study the effects of gastric cancer (GC) cells. The results revealed that the lipid MBs were uniformly distributed and did not aggregate. The concentration of the NP complex reached 7.75±0.93×10 8 NPs/mL, and the particle size was 2.23±0.68 μ m. At various radiation intensities, blue fluorescently stained MDA-MB-231 cells and A549 cells showed greener fluorescently labeled double-ligand paclitaxel NPs around and inside the nucleus of Hoechst 33342. According to the prepared products and byproducts, they were grouped to compare different prepared products. The fluorescence uptake of the two cells at 4 h was the highest under the condition of the NP complex combined with ultrasonic radiation, and the destruction of cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and A549) was the strongest under the condition of the NP complex combined with ultrasonic radiation. In GC cells, NP complexes inhibited cell migration and invasion relative to the other groups ( P <0.05), the level of Bax protein increased ( P <0.05), while that of Bcl-2, pSTAT3/STAT3, and phosphorylation of NF-kappa B (PNF- κ B)/NF- κ B protein were markedly decreased ( P <0.05).","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Glucose Transporter Protein 1 Mediating Malignant Behavior in Breast Cancer Through the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway","authors":"Kai Lin, Xinghua Wu, Yuying Qi, Kaiyin Wang, Yunzhu Guan, Tinghui Hu","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4533","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the mechanism of action of GLUT1 in mediating breast cancer development through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Knockdown of breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 GLUT1 was achieved by siRNA with the addition of IGF-1, an activator of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The experimental groupings were NC, shGLUT1, shNC+IGF-1, and shGLUT1+IGF-1. The proliferation, invasion, and migration behaviors of breast cancer cells were observed by MTT, Transwell, and scratch-repair assays; Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. After the knockdown of GLUT1, the expression levels of key proteins of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR, were significantly decreased. After the addition of IGF-1 alone, the decreasing trend of the protein expression levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR was even more pronounced, and the cellular functions of the cancer cells, such as proliferation and invasion, were also all inhibited. GLUT1 can promote breast cancer development through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel Combined with Negative Pressure Drainage in Patients with Diabetic Foot","authors":"Bin Yu, Sha Yang, Du Jiang, Xinyan Yang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4543","url":null,"abstract":"Autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) has emerged as a novel treatment modality for diabetic foot, demonstrating potential in promoting wound healing and tissue repair. Negative pressure drainage has been shown to effectively remove wound exudates and facilitate wound healing. The objective of this research was to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of APG combined with negative pressure drainage in patients with diabetic foot. Following the preparation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel, the influence of various temperatures and centrifugation speeds on gel properties was analyzed. PRP was assessed, and the slope and effective disaggregation rate of PRP were compared. A total of 30 healthy volunteers without diabetic foot were recruited as the control group and randomly assigned into three groups, with 10 participants in each group. The mean volume and concentration of PRP in the three groups were analyzed. A total of 30 patients with diabetic foot were selected as the observation group to analyze the therapeutic effects of APG combined with negative pressure drainage in patients with diabetic foot. The results showed that the prepared separated gel effectively isolated components in the blood, with a decrease in gel viscosity observed with increased centrifugation speed and temperature. The pH of the separated plasma remained stable. The plasma showed the best effects when immediately placed. At 0 h, 3 h, and 6 h, the PRP concentration in Group 1 was drastically superior to the other two groups ( P < 0.05). Regarding the slope of PRP, at 30 °C, the slope remained relatively stable; at 25 °C, the slope exhibited the largest variation. At 5 °C, the slope changed between 25 °C and 30 °C. The effective disaggregation rate was lowest when immediately placed, and it gradually increased with the prolongation of placement time. At 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes of placement, the difference in effective disaggregation rate between 5 °C and 25 °C or 30 °C was considerable ( P < 0.05). The pH of PRP at 0 h, 3 h, and 6 h was weakly acidic, with inconsiderable difference in pH values among the three time periods ( P > 0.05). At 0 h, 3 h, and 6 h, the PRP concentration in Group 1 was markedly superior to the other two groups ( P < 0.05). In summary, the prepared separated gel effectively isolated PRP and the combination of APG with negative pressure drainage demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy in patients with diabetic foot. The adoption of APG provides a personalized and innovative treatment option for diabetic foot patients, offering the potential to improve treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}