Science and Health Policy最新文献

{"title":"Abstract 3340: Lung cancer stigma: A ten year look at public attitudes about lung cancer","authors":"M. Rigney, E. Rapsomaniki, J. King","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-3340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-3340","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States in both men and women (ACS Facts and Figures, 2018). The presence of lung cancer stigma is well documented (Chapple et al, 2004; Chambers et al, 2012; Marlow et al, 2015) and has been shown to impact the care and treatment of lung cancer survivors (Tod et al. 2008; Carter-Harris et al 2014). In 2008, a large survey of over 1000 members of the general population revealed that most participants felt lung cancer was principally caused by external factors, that it was preventable, and that lung cancer patients were at least partly to blame for their illness (Weiss et al. 2014; 2017). We replicated the survey to understand whether perceptions have changed over the last decade. Methods: 1001 members of the general public were surveyed with the identical survey instrument from 2008 survey along with three additional questions at the end. The survey was carried out by phone and online between June 6 and July 26, 2018. Statistical analysis was performed comparing 2008 and 2018 datasets using paired t-tests if normally distributed or Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous data and Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data. Results: General awareness about lung cancer has significantly improved over the last decade with 94% of the public reporting familiarity with lung cancer (p Conclusions: After a decade of research progress in lung cancer, these data show that lung cancer awareness has been considerably elevated. Unfortunately, they also indicate that the stigma surrounding the disease remains pervasive. This work underscores the need to address stigma with proactive multilevel approaches (Hamann, 2018). Citation Format: Maureen Rigney, Eleni Rapsomaniki, Jennifer C. King. Lung cancer stigma: A ten year look at public attitudes about lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3340.","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78559519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract 3336: Changes in prescriptions for breast cancer medications after Medicaid expansion","authors":"J. Maclean, M. Halpern, S. Hill, M. Pesko","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-3336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-3336","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As of summer 2018, 34 states have expanded Medicaid eligibility under the Affordable Care Act. While the Medicaid expansions decreased rates of being uninsured among women with breast cancer and increased early breast cancer detection, it is unknown whether expansions increased receipt of medications used to prevent and treat breast cancer. This study examines differences over time in receipt of two types of breast cancer hormonal therapies (tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors) and associated payments for these medications in states that did vs. did not expand Medicaid during the period 2011-2017. Methods: The study’s data source is the Medicaid State Drug Utilization Database (SDUD). This data set, compiled by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare (CMS), is administrative data submitted by state Medicaid programs. The data comprise outpatient prescription medications that are covered under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program for which Medicaid serves as a third-party payer; this includes aggregate numbers of prescriptions and associated payments for individuals enrolled in both fee for service and managed care Medicaid programs. Both branded and generic prescriptions for three aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole, exemestane, and letrozole) were included in the study’s analyses. Analyses used differences-in-differences and event study models (controlling for state characteristics) to compare changes in Medicaid expansion states to changes in non-expansion states before vs. after expansion. Results: Initial regression analyses indicate that prescriptions for all hormonal therapy medications increased by 27% (p Conclusions: Our findings indicate that states that expanded Medicaid with the ACA experienced increased prescriptions for breast cancer hormonal therapies relative to states that did not expand Medicaid; this effect of Medicaid expansion increased over time. The increased prescriptions were financed by Medicaid, not by patients. Citation Format: Johanna Catherine Maclean, Michael T. Halpern, Steven C. Hill, Michael F. Pesko. Changes in prescriptions for breast cancer medications after Medicaid expansion [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3336.","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79101425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract 3347: Young onset colorectal cancer patients are diagnosed with advanced disease after multiple misdiagnoses","authors":"R. Yarden, K. L. Newcomer, Colorectal CancerAlliance","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS18-3347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS18-3347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79588756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract 3343: The Florida women’s cancer study: Breast cancer presentation among African American and Afro Caribbean women in south Florida, a 10-year cohort","authors":"P. B. Coelho, M. Schlumbrecht, D. Cerbon, Carlos Parra, J. Hurley, S. George","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-3343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-3343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78259702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract LB-159: The bench with bedside initiative: A “trans-relational” approach to translational research","authors":"B. Salhia","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS18-LB-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS18-LB-159","url":null,"abstract":"Translational research necessitates the use of human specimens. As per the regulations for the protection of human subjects, study participants (SP) are not required to be informed of the outcomes of research. While individual results should mostly not be reported back to patients to avoid anxiety and misinterpretation of yet to be proven data, general research results should be delivered back to the study participants. It can be argued that SP/researcher relationships are inadequately developed in most cases and that research lacks in transparency. As such, The Bench with Bedside Initiative™ (TBBI) was launched to serve as a trans-relational approach to conducting translational research, where scientists at the bench collaborate and engage with SP at the bedside. As an initial effort of TBBI™ social media and grass roots efforts were used to identify breast cancer survivors to donate blood for a blood-based biomarker study. A web-based survey (https://thebenchwithbedsideinitiative.usc.edu/) was used to determine eligibility and perceptions for enhanced involvement. The study was described to the future SP as a long-term collaboration with the lead researcher where data transparency would be integral to the study design. A total of 316 women completed the survey in a three-month period. When asked, 85% of survey takers said they would be very interested in getting updates on the use of their samples and 100% said they want to know the outcomes of the research. Furthermore, 76% said they had a moral and ethical right to learn the fate of their sample. A total of 86% of survey takers said they would be interested in building a relationship with the research scientist. Among the most widely used words in the comment box were empowering, involvement, hope, future, important, progress, and information. Of 316 women, 132 were deemed eligible to donate blood. As part of TBBI™ 59 eligible SP travelled to meet the PI and under informed consent donated blood in the PI’s lab. SP represented every major racial and ethnic group and socioeconomic background. SP came from 30 cities and traveled an average of 50 miles and as far as 675 miles. The use of biospecimens and associated data for research entails significant ethical obligations to the individuals from whom those specimens were obtained. Researchers owe it to themselves and to their SP to provide information as soon as it becomes available. While the long-term outcomes are yet to be determined, the perceived benefits to a trans-relational approach to conducting human research include diversification of study participants, ease of long-term follow-up, improved clinical trial enrollment, better accountability of resources, and not least of all is providing a lot of hope to those we are trying the hardest to help. Citation Format: Bodour Salhia. The bench with bedside initiative: A “trans-relational” approach to translational research [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Resea","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82611197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstract 3356: Working together to put kids first: Outreach strategies driving collaborative research, data sharing and cross-disease analysis to accelerate discoveries in pediatric cancer and structural birth defects","authors":"Tatiana S. Patton, R. Moulder, E. Alexander, D. Vito, J. Waller, Colleen Gaynor, Sarah Thomas, Bailey K. Farrow, J. T. Yamada, Kim Cullion, Danyelle A. Winchester, A. Waanders, Allison P. Heath, P. Raman, A. Resnick, Jena V. Lilly","doi":"10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS18-3356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS18-3356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21579,"journal":{"name":"Science and Health Policy","volume":"28 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83505694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}