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Modelling a wind turbine as a low-pass filter for wind to electrical power calculations 将风力涡轮机建模为低通滤波器，用于风电功率计算
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041077
Warren J. Farmer, A. Rix
{"title":"Modelling a wind turbine as a low-pass filter for wind to electrical power calculations","authors":"Warren J. Farmer, A. Rix","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041077","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the filtering effect of a wind turbine is modelled to provide insight into the transient dynamics of a wind turbine generator (WTG), considering the fluctuating/turbulent nature of wind speed and the impact it has on fluctuating power feed-in to a power system. The results show that the turbine inertia of a WTG acts as a first-order low-pass filter, which suppresses the wind speed fluctuations with frequency content above 1.2 millihertz (mHz). Thus, less of the wind speed fluctuations propagates through as fluctuating power generation, which feeds into the rest of the power system. From the perspective of modelling the transients of a wind turbine's power generation, it is concluded that small (below 1 minute) resolution wind speed data is not required since the higher frequency components are filtered out.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133073601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A Review of Power System Instability Prediction Methods Using Phasor Measurement Unit Data 基于相量测量单元数据的电力系统不稳定预测方法综述
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041084
Teboho Machabe, Ellen De Mello Koch, K. Nixon
{"title":"A Review of Power System Instability Prediction Methods Using Phasor Measurement Unit Data","authors":"Teboho Machabe, Ellen De Mello Koch, K. Nixon","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041084","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical power systems face daily challenges due to changes in load and generation. These changes influence the stability of the power system as well as the secure operation of the electrical network. Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) provide the means to achieve more responsive and accurate monitoring of instabilities on the electrical network than a traditional SCADA system. Prediction of power system instability is essential for situational awareness and the reliable operation of the power system. This research presents a review of instability prediction methods using PMU data. These methods include neural networks, auto-regression, FFT, One Class Support Vector as well as Parallel Detrending Fluctuation Analysis. Performance of these methods is analyzed in terms of accuracy and application.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131908866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theoretical 3-D Monitoring System for Human-Robot Collaboration 人机协作理论三维监控系统
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041076
Mishkar Bhana, G. Bright
{"title":"Theoretical 3-D Monitoring System for Human-Robot Collaboration","authors":"Mishkar Bhana, G. Bright","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041076","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional monitoring systems, based on sensor-fusion of Microsoft Kinect 3-D cameras, can create a safe workspace for human-robot collaboration. Cameras fields of view overlap to create a higher frame rate within the workspace which allows for more accurate and quicker responses to humans in an industrial environment. An experiment was also conducted to determine the computational cost of a Kinect monitoring system under various loads, focusing mainly on CPU and GPU utilization. The experimental results showed that 3-D image processing can be processed in parallel benefitting from the higher core count found on modern processor.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114751854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microgrid Energy Management through Levelized Cost of Energy Metric 通过平准化能源成本度量的微电网能源管理
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041037
CG Swanepoel, G. van Schoor, K. Uren, A. Rens
{"title":"Microgrid Energy Management through Levelized Cost of Energy Metric","authors":"CG Swanepoel, G. van Schoor, K. Uren, A. Rens","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041037","url":null,"abstract":"The abundance of solar energy in Africa provides the ideal opportunity to mitigate the concerns on price, reliability and voltage quality of electricity supply to end-users. Rooftop PV and local energy storage solutions in a microgrid where energy is well managed, could unlock significant savings in energy costs and improve voltage quality and reliability. Each microgrid is a unique use-case due to the variation in type, size and costing of energy resources, and the loading and billing structure. This paper presents a methodology to identify and select microgrid energy management objectives using levelized cost of energy as the reference metric. The theoretical framework is validated by implementation in a real microgrid and concludes that Li-Ion energy storage is still too expensive for grid-tied applications in South Africa.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116899287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Shape tracing app for movement disorder detection 用于运动障碍检测的形状跟踪应用程序
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041051
V. Aharonson, Sarah R. Ward, David Anderson, D. Rubin, M. Postema
{"title":"Shape tracing app for movement disorder detection","authors":"V. Aharonson, Sarah R. Ward, David Anderson, D. Rubin, M. Postema","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041051","url":null,"abstract":"Shape tracing tests for the detection and assessment of hand movement disorders are predominantly performed manually in the presence of a clinician. These procedures are therefore labour intensive, expensive, and subjective. Digital tests have been proposed to automate this assessment process, to answer the need of affordable healthcare for all. A straightforward automation solution is a conversion of the shape tracing tests from pen and paper to a mobile device. This study implemements realtime dynamic touch detection on a mid-range tablet for shape tracing. The tracing app developed was tested on 20 movement disorder patients and 10 control subjects. The results convey that the interface allows for successful self-administration of the tests. For all subjects, the accuracy was successfully preserved in the real-time dynamic acquisition of the tracing process.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117288750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
*Development and Automation of a 12 kW-Capacity Gasifier for Energy Generation * 12千瓦发电气化炉的开发和自动化
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040963
I. Daniyan, K. Mpofu, A. Adeodu, Osazele Momoh
{"title":"*Development and Automation of a 12 kW-Capacity Gasifier for Energy Generation","authors":"I. Daniyan, K. Mpofu, A. Adeodu, Osazele Momoh","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040963","url":null,"abstract":"This work is in line with the quest for improved energy generation by developing nations. A 12 kW capacity gasification system, which uses wood chips to produce combustible gas for the generation of electrical energy for domestic and experimental purposes, was developed. The materials employed for its development include; metal bolts/nuts, metal pipes, propane tank, open-ended cylinders, ball/check valves, a dc fan motor with a regulator, metal chain, rechargeable battery, metal caps and metal bowl. The design and finite element analysis of the gasifier was carried out using the Solidworks software 2018 version and fabricated using galvanized steel due to its high resistance to corrosion. A 12 V DC fan motor was incorporated into the system for the creation of air suction. The machining processes involved in the fabrication include; brazing, welding, cutting, polishing as well as painting. The performance evaluation of the gasifier system carried out with some wood chips which was continuously mixed in the gasifier chamber for 9 hours and the resulting tar content was obtained within the time interval. The results obtained show the interaction between temperature, time and height of the hopper. The analysis of the results obtained also show that wood is a suitable material for the production of producer gas. In addition, the gasification system can be used to meet some domestic and electrical energy requirements. The work has been able to lay a foundation for the production of combustible gas using a gasifier chamber.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123595161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Echo State Network (ESN) Based Generator Speed Prediction of Wide Area Signals in a Multimachine Power System 基于回声状态网络(ESN)的多机电力系统广域信号发电机转速预测
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041236
U. A. Abu, K. Folly, Iroshani Jayawardene, G. Venayagamoorthy
{"title":"Echo State Network (ESN) Based Generator Speed Prediction of Wide Area Signals in a Multimachine Power System","authors":"U. A. Abu, K. Folly, Iroshani Jayawardene, G. Venayagamoorthy","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041236","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an echo state network based prediction of generator speed using a two area four generator multimachine power system in real time. The echo state network (ESN) is trained using the generator speed deviation delayed between 20ms to 50ms as inputs. The output of the ESN is the predicted speed of the generators for steady state scenarios. The trained and test data were compared, the results show a good correlation between these data sets demonstrating that the ESN has effectively learned the nonlinear properties of the multimachine system. This paper also uses ESN to address the need to mitigate power system stability issues time steps ahead e.g. early detection of oscillations in the power systems network that could cascade into system failure, blackouts, and sudden system collapse. Echo State Networks have been used in this research due to its superior performance in terms of the effectiveness of learning nonlinear systems and its ease of training compared to other recurrent neural networks (RNN). The IEEE two area four generator test system was modeled in RSCAD software and tested in real time using the RTDS (real-time digital simulator). The real time implementation was carried out at the Real Time Power Intelligent Systems (RTPIS) laboratory, Clemson University, SC. USA.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128464954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Review of Sequential Steps to Realize Power System Resilience 实现电力系统弹性的顺序步骤综述
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040967
Okeolu Samuel Omogoye, K. Folly, K. Awodele
{"title":"Review of Sequential Steps to Realize Power System Resilience","authors":"Okeolu Samuel Omogoye, K. Folly, K. Awodele","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040967","url":null,"abstract":"Natural events have been identified as one of the major causes of cascading faults on the electricity grid globally. The impact of these events always brings service interruption in all spheres of life with a high loss of revenue. Natural disasters' attack on the electric grid has defeated the reliability criterion of N-1 recently. A more robust resilience measure is needed to prepare and take proactive decisions based on the predictable natural disaster on the power grid to mitigate the impact of natural events (hurricane, cyclone, ice storm, solar geomagnetic storm, et cetera), and recover fast in case of any contingencies. Achieving a resilient electric grid system involves the use of cutting-edge technological approaches such as microgrids, smart-grid, wide-area monitoring system, and optimal dispatch of repair resources for the reduction of restoration time. While considering how important the research on power system resilience enhancement is, for timely system recovery during a contingency, this paper presents a review of the approaches used to realize power system resilience and suggests a future research area to enhance the power system against natural events.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127262657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Heuristic Secondary Frequency Control of AC/DC Interconnected Power System in a Deregulated Environment 放松管制环境下交直流互联电力系统的启发式二次频率控制
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040923
A. Aluko, D. Dorrell, R. P. Carpanen, E. Ojo
{"title":"Heuristic Secondary Frequency Control of AC/DC Interconnected Power System in a Deregulated Environment","authors":"A. Aluko, D. Dorrell, R. P. Carpanen, E. Ojo","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040923","url":null,"abstract":"The modern power system environment is becoming more complex, dynamic and highly nonlinear in nature. The problem of frequency control is an intrinsic one because of the constant mismatch between power generated and demanded, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, and dynamic power system deregulation. This paper presents an heuristic approach to design a secondary frequency control system for a multi-area interconnected power system in a deregulated or restructured environment. The robustness of the designed controller is tested under varying load perturbations and operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127270181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Realtime Thévenin Equivalent Impedance at a PCC in the Italian Power Grid 意大利电网中PCC的实时等效阻抗
2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040924
G. H. Gabriels, D. Oyedokun, S. Ruggeri
{"title":"Realtime Thévenin Equivalent Impedance at a PCC in the Italian Power Grid","authors":"G. H. Gabriels, D. Oyedokun, S. Ruggeri","doi":"10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9040924","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) in distribution networks has underlined the need for new strategies to optimally operate DERs by increasing efficiency in generation and distribution of power. Optimal Power Injection enabled by Thévenin equivalent impedance (TEI) measurements is one of such possible strategies, since this permits the evaluation of the optimal currents that need to be injected into or drawn from a network, in order to reduce energy losses. The first measurement campaign was performed in a three phase four wire point of common coupling (PCC) in Cape Town, South Africa, in which the possibility of multiple simultaneous measurement of the TEI of a power supply grid via two points of common coupling was analyzed. In this paper, the results of a measurement campaign to determine the dynamics TEI at a PCC in Italy is discussed. The results show that there is a significant level of imbalance in the TEI across the phases at the PCC.","PeriodicalId":215514,"journal":{"name":"2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132453977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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