Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of free and bound carnitine in young athletes","authors":"N. Rylova, A. Samoilov, A. Zholinsky, I. Bolshakov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-61-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-61-64","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the characteristics of carnitine metabolism in representatives of certain sports makes it possible to study the effect of physical loads of various nature on the body of a young athlete, and also makes it possible to assess the competitive potential and predict the tolerance of long-term and intense loads. Purpose. This study is to investigate the characteristics of carnitine metabolism in young athletes of various specializations. Material and methods. The study included athletes aged 14 to 18 who had been engaged in intense physical exercise for at least 12 hours per week forthe past 12 months or more. The control group consisted of healthy children aged 14 to 18 who were not involved in sports. In the blood serum of all study participants, the concentration of free carnitine, acetylcarnitine and acylcarnitines was determined. Based on the data obtained, ratios were calculated reflecting the activity of lipid beta-oxidation enzymes. Results. We found that the content of free carnitine in the representatives of all the studied groups was within the normal range. At the same time, the level of free carnitine in the blood of athletes involved in field hockey was significantly lower than that of athletes-swimmers and representatives of the control group (p<0.001). It was also studied that, compared with athletes-swimmers and the control group, athletes-hockey players have significantly higher functional activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (p<0.05) and lipid beta-oxidation enzymes (p<0.001). Conclusion. In our work we have demonstrated that athletes involved in team sports (field hockey) have a more pronounced shift towards fatty acid oxidation compared to aerobic sports (swimming). A possible reason for the identified changes may be a more significant effect of alternating aerobic and anaerobic loads on lipid metabolism compared to exclusively aerobic activity.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-cell immunity status of children with combined infection with SARS-CoV-2 and human herpesviruses","authors":"S. V. Khaliullina, V. Anokhin, Ya. A. Raimova, E. I. Nasyrova, A. Sabitova, A. E. Evdokimovа, E. F. Mannanova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-37-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-37-44","url":null,"abstract":"There is an opinion that COVID-19 may be the cause of the reactivation of herpesviruses. Purpose. To study the state of the cellular link of adaptive immunity in the combined course of herpesvirus infections and COVID-19, to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of such conditions. Material and methods. In 2022–2023 a cross-sectional study was conducted. 71 patients aged from 1 month to 16 years were selected. Inclusion criteria: presence of signs of acute respiratory disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 and/or mononucleosis-like syndrome associated with active herpesvirus infection. All patients underwent a standard laboratory examination, determined by nosology, and an additional assessment of the cellular link of adaptive immunity (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD3+HLA-DR+, CD3- CD16+CD56+ and CD20+) on a flow cytometer using monoclonal antibodies. Results and conclusion. The clinical pattern of the combined course of herpesvirus infection and SARS-CoV-2 differs little from monoinfections. Only at the first encounter with the Epstein-Barr virus, lymphoproliferative syndrome and hepatomegaly were more often recorded (p<0.05). Comparing the nature of the cellular immune response in patients with COVID-19 and herpesvirus infection, we observed pronounced differences. In patients with primary herpesvirus infection, the T-cell immune response was an order of magnitude higher than in acute COVID-19, herpesvirus reactivation, and co-infection, and this was true for all studied lymphocyte subpopulations. With SARS-CoV-2, a decrease in the total number of T-lymphocytes, T-helpers, and cytotoxic lymphocytes was observed. This condition, of course, cannot be called immunosuppression, but some parallel is clearly traced. And even with the combined course of SARS-CoV-2 and herpesvirus infection, the absolute values of T-cell immunity indicators do not reach the same indicators in patients without COVID-19. It is likely that this reason underlies the phenomenon of reactivation of persistent herpesviruses in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139274361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of complications of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in children","authors":"V. I. Morozov, I. N. Nuritdinov, D. Morozov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-53-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-53-60","url":null,"abstract":"Dysfunction of the lower urinary tract is a fairly common consequence of perinatal lesions of the nervous system. Dysfunction of the bladder and muscles of the urogenital diaphragm in this group of children can be accompanied by severe urodynamic disorders and, in some cases, can lead to complications such as chronic recurrent urinary tract infection, vesicoureteral reflux, nephrosclerosis, kidney atrophy, chronic renal failure. Purpose. To study uronephrological complications in children with various forms of neurogenic bladder dysfunction and suggest methods for their prevention and pathogenetic treatment. Material and methods. 67 children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction were examined. All children underwent comprehensive uronephrological and neurological diagnostics using objective neuroimaging, electrophysiological and functional research methods. Results. Complications leading to somatic health disorders in patients were diagnosed. These included chronic cystitis — in 13 (19.4%) patients, chronic pyelonephritis — in 57 (85.1%), vesicoureteral reflux — in 25 (37.3%), chronic renal failure — in 8 (11.9%) children. Therapy for neurogenic bladder dysfunction consisted of basic therapy of the central nervous system lesion, as well as symptomatic therapy aimed at normalizing the functional state of the bladder. In the vast majority of cases of neurogenic bladder dysfunction complications, their relief occurred within a year in the process of curing the underlying disease. In some cases, in children with severe neurological disorders (myelodysplasia, meningoradiculocele), along with medication and physiotherapy, surgical manipulations (periodic bladder catheterization) and surgical interventions (epicystostomy) were performed. Conclusion. In children with detrusor hyperreflexia and mild «high» lesions of the nervous system, clinical symptoms of neurogenic bladder dysfunction were usually noted, worsening only their quality of life. In children with a significant neurological deficit and a rather severe lesion of the lumbosacral spinal cord, complications developed that worsened the somatic health of this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"40 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient myelodysplastic syndrome in a newborn","authors":"N. K. Gabitova, I. N. Cherezova, F. M. Kazakova, I. V. Osipova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-65-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-65-69","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a unique case of a transient myelodysplastic syndrome characteristic of children with trisomy 21. This condition has non-specific clinical manifestations and a specific hematological picture similar to those of acute leukemia. The uniqueness of transient myelodysplastic syndrome lies in the spontaneous resolution within a few weeks or months after birth and/or the development of acute myeloid leukemia after spontaneous regression in the first 4–5 years of life. A prerequisite for the development of myelodysplastic syndrome is the presence of a blast clone of trisomy of the 21st chromosome and a mutation in the GATA1 gene in the cells.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features of post-COVID-19 syndrome in children","authors":"S. Y. Volgina, O. G. Sachkova, M. M. Sadykov, R. Gamirova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-17-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-17-21","url":null,"abstract":"Most children make a full recovery from a new coronavirus infection, but some of them have a variety of persistent symptoms for a long time. A wide range of symptoms that occur within weeks or months after infection with SARS-CoV-2 is referred to as a long COVID (post-COVID-19 syndrome). The review presents literature data on the duration and clinical features of post-COVID-19 syndrome in children. The paucity of studies on long COVID conditions does not allow us to draw unambiguous conclusions. However, it should be borne in mind that the consequences of a new coronavirus infection can have a significant impact on the health of children and their quality of life in the future.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139276380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and pathogenetic features of diarrheal syndrome in COVID-19 in children","authors":"S. V. Khaliullina, V. A. Pozdniak, V. Anokhin, K. Khaertynov, G. M. Kurbanova, A. M. Zakirova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-30-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-30-36","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 is known to be able to infect the gastrointestinal tract, causing a variety of symptoms. Practice shows that the clinical presentation of diarrheal syndrome with COVID-19 does not fit into the classic manifestations of osmotic diarrhea. Cases of lesions of the lower intestine are often reported. Purpose. The study aims at evaluation of the features of clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters of diarrheal syndrome to determine the possible mechanism of gastrointestinal damage in children with COVID-19. Material and methods. 80 subjects were examined on the basis of the Kazan Regional Clinical Hospital. 40 patients were selected for the main group with diarrhea and a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, 40 for the control group with rota- or norovirus infection. The examination included a daily examination, laboratory tests to assess the clinical features of the course, etiological decoding, study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of diarrhea in COVID-19. Results. COVID-19 differs from classical viral diarrhea in more pronounced catarrhal respiratory syndrome (p<0.001), pyretic fever (p=0.001). Vomiting is more typical for rota- and norovirus infections (p<0.001). SARS-CoV-2 is statistically significantly more likely to cause clinical scenario of distal colitis (p=0.034). Patients with increased levels of carbohydrates in the feces were observed more often in the viral diarrhea group, and calprotectin — in the COVID-19 group (p<0.05). A significant qualitative and quantitative imbalance of the intestinal microflora is more typical for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion. The conducted study suggests a complex genesis of gastrointestinal lesions in children with COVID-19, which includes signs of both osmotic and exudative (invasive) mechanisms of diarrhea formation. Clearly, GI lesion in COVID-19 is a multifactorial process.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"82 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific features of endocrine regulation of plastic processes in premature infants and children small for gestational age","authors":"M. R. Shaydullina, A. T. Mansurova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-11-16","url":null,"abstract":"Low-birthweight and preterm infants have high risk of obesity and obesity-related diseases in the future. This review article identifies risk factors and endocrine biomarkers with greatest predictive value to the metabolic diseases development. Low concentrations of IGF-1 in low-birthweight children are associated with adipogenesis. Low leptin levels may be considered as a biomarker of catch-up growth. Long term programming effects of in utero exposure to leptin extend beyond infancy into early childhood. Adiponectin levels are positively correlated with obesity in early life, but not at ages older than three years. Rapid postnatal growth rate is associated with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion. Specific features of endocrine regulation of growth and dynamics of plastic processes in premature infants and SGA children are associated with excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, which can function as a mechanism for metabolic programming of distant endocrine and cardiometabolic disorders.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"33 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139276536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current insight into klebsiella infection in children","authors":"I. Nikolaeva, D. R. Semenova, G. S. Shaikhieva","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-22-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-22-29","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important causative agent of nosocomial and community-acquired infections in children. The relevance of Klebsiella infection has increased in recent years due to the spread of multiresistant and hypervirulent strains that can cause invasive forms of infection (sepsis, meningitis, liver abscess, etc.). Strains of Kl. pneumoniae, producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), as well as carbapenem-resistant strains, are the cause of nosocomial outbreaks with high mortality. The choice of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of invasive forms of infection is limited and depends on the spectrum of sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs of Klebsiella clinical isolates circulating in the hospital and the age of the child. Due to the high rate of ESBL production, carbapenems are the drugs of choice in the empirical therapy of invasive forms of infection.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"53 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human parechovirus infections in children: modern concepts","authors":"A. Sabitova, V. Anokhin, S. V. Khaliullina, G. R. Fatkullina, A. E. Evdokimova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-5-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-5-10","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a review of modern ideas about human parechovirus infection in children. At this time human parechoviruses are a common cause of infectious diseases in childhood with clinical presentation of acute gastroenteritis, upper respiratory tract pathology, fever, and rash. Severe forms damaging the central nervous system or the development of sepsis are possible in newborns and infants and are almost exclusively associated with parechovirus A type 3 (HPeV-A3). The infection is transmitted mainly via food and droplet routes. The main method of infection diagnosis is the detection of viral RNA by real-time PCR in cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and feces. No treatment for the parechovirus infection has been developed so far.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"107 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Errors in the diagnosis and therapy of bronchial asthma in children","authors":"M. Ermakova, L. P. Matveeva, S. N. Naidenkina","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-102-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-102-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   The analysis of outpatient records of children with bronchial asthma was carried out to identify the timeliness of the diagnosis of bronchial asthma, which showed that the diagnosis was made with a delay of 3.8 years. In children with prolonged persistent cough, repeated acute obstructive bronchitis, bronchophonography revealed latent bronchospasm, the subsequent appointment of preventive anti-inflammatory therapy to these patients made it possible to clarify the diagnosis of bronchial asthma in 58.9 % of cases. Analysis of the register of patients with bronchial asthma revealed the absence of basic therapy in 2/3 of children with a mild persistent course of the disease. The frequency of emergency medical calls and hospitalizations was higher in children with mild bronchial asthma who did not receive control therapy. An analysis of the expenditure of short-acting β2-agonists in 96 children with asthma indicates their excessive use in 50% of patients. Conducting training seminars increased the knowledge of district pediatricians on modern thera-peutic and diagnostic approaches to bronchial asthma.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80305192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}