Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)最新文献

{"title":"A case of successful treatment of an isolated tracheoesopha- geal fistula in a 2-month-old child","authors":"R. V. Bocharov, V. G. Pogorelko, Y. Kozlov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-86-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-86-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   Isolated tracheoesophageal fistula is a very rare malformation, which is a pathological communication between the walls of the esophagus and the trachea. The entry of food into the trachea causes severe obstructive and ventilatory disorders in infants. Surgical treatment of developmental anomalies includes open thoracic or transsternal access, which is traumatic, often complicated by pleurisy and mediastinitis in the postoperative period and long-term musculoskeletal deformities.   Purpose. To demonstrate the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery in the correction of this defect.   Fibro-tracheo-bronchoscopy confirmed an isolated tracheoesophageal fistula in a 2-month-old child. Thoracoscopic intervention using 3 ports was chosen and performed as a surgical method of treatment. A large tracheoesophageal fistula, up to 10 mm, was found. The tracheal end of the fistula was sutured with 2 ligatures, tied and cut off. The defect in the wall of the esophagus was hermetically sutured. The postoperative period proceeded without complications. Enteral nutrition through the nipple started on the 10th day. Control examination after 1 and 6 months: the child has no anxiety; psychomotor development corresponds to age, on esophagoscopy the esophagus is freely passable, constrictions and defects were revealed .   Conclusion. The high resolution and ergonomics of modern endoscopic equipment made it possible to visualize the malformation in an infant in detail, to separate pathological communication with minimal trauma and to avoid early and long-term complications.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89434469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract in children: a retrospective analysis of medical cases","authors":"I. S. Samolygo","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-82-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-82-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   Foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract in children are a fairly common reason for seeking help in surgical departments.   Purpose. The study aims at identifying dependencies between the type of foreign bodies, the tactics of their detection and removal in different age periods.   Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of 100 case histories of patients with a diagnosis of «Foreign body of the gastrointestinal tract”; 64 boys included.   Results. Preschool children were more often diagnosed with «Foreign body of the gastrointestinal tract.» The children rarely complained. The most commonly used diagnostic method is overview radiography, and the method of extracting a foreign body is endoscopy. The most frequent finds were coins. Magnetic balls and batteries led to injury of the organ where they were located.   Conclusion. When contacting a medical and preventive institution in the first hours after swallowing the object, the risk of complications is minimal. If the foreign body is a magnetic ball, magnet, or battery, the presence of which is associated with high risks of complications, it is necessary to remove them from the body as soon as possible.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83478263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological aspects of additional revaccination of adolescents against whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus","authors":"E. V. Prutskova, A. P. Cherdantsev, M. Kostinov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-77-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-77-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   The epidemiological situation of whooping cough in many countries of the world shows an increase in the incidence, despite the high coverage of routine immunization of the child population, which indicates the need for additional booster doses in older age groups.   Purpose. The study aims at a comparative analysis of the intensity of specific immunity against whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus in adolescent children after revaccination with different types of vaccines.   Material and methods. 121 adolescents received various preparations containing pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus as revaccination.   Results. The use of the pertussis component in preparations for revaccination of adolescents, despite the fact that they initially have a certain level of seroprotection, is not accompanied by a significant increase in specific antibody titers. Some differences related to the types of drugs used: the AbDTP-M vaccine against AbDTP had the best seroprotection after 1 month, while at the same time, as after 12 months, this ratio reversed.   Conclusion. The situation with the effectiveness of revaccination against tetanus and diphtheria with all the drugs used had a more predictable effect, which was reflected in a significant increase in the titer of specific antibodies after 1 month.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76298980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lingual thyroid ectopia","authors":"I. S. Dolgopolov, A. Yusufov, E. G. Aleynik, M. Rykov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-91-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-91-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   The lingual thyroid gland is an abnormal mass of ectopic thyroid tissue visible at the base of the tongue, caused by an embryological anomaly in the development of the thyroid gland. Identification and symptom-adapted treatment of ectopia are important in preventing hypothyroidism and development of obstructive symptoms.   Purpose. To present a case of lingual ectopia of the thyroid gland in a child with an incidentally diagnosed formation of the root of the tongue based on primary ultrasound diagnosis.   Material and methods. A 7-year-old boy without clinical signs of hypothyroidism during a routine examination revealed a voluminous asymptomatic formation of the root of the tongue.   Results. Along the midline at the root of the tongue there is a rounded, non-displaced, painless formation about 20 mm in diameter. Regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. The picture of ectopic thyroid tissue in the root of the tongue, in the absence of thyroid in a typical site on the neck. There is subclinical hypothyroidism with a TSH level of 12.8 mсME/mL (normal 0.6–4.84). The presence of ectopia was confirmed by scintigraphy with Technetium-99m pertechnetate. Normal TSH level of 3.37 mcME/mL and a reduction in the volume of ectopic thyroid tissue from 3.3 mL to 2.13 ml revealed 3 months after levothyroxine therapy at a dose of 50 mcg/day.   Conclusion. Ultrasound exam with Doppler mapping is mandatory and allows not only to identify ectopic tissue, but also to identify the absence of thyroid in a typical anatomical area on the neck. The study of the hormonal profile and subsequent scintigraphy make it possible to make a final diagnosis, assess the function of the ectopic organ and determine the option of drug and/or surgical treatment.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85880273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of artificial intelligence to diagnose diseases and predict their outcomes in newborns","authors":"N. V. Kharlamova, I. F. Yasinsky, M. A. Ananyeva, N. Shilova, S. B. Nazarov, E. A. Matveeva, A. V. Budalova, Yu. A. Ivanenkova","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-108-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-108-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   In recent years, modern models of artificial intelligence, including neural networks, have been successfully introduced into clinical practice, due to the high accuracy of functioning and the prospects of their use for the diagnosis and prediction of various diseases.   Purpose. To improve the processes of predicting and diagnosing diseases and their outcomes in newborns using neural network intelligent technologies.   Material and methods. The study is based on statistically reliable collection of patient history data, mathematical analysis, fuzzy logic theory and principles of trainable neural network systems.   Results. Neural network programs have been developed to predict the course of posthypoxic disorders of the cardiovascular system in newborns; to determine the probability of occurrence and outcomes in newborns of such significant diseases as cerebral leukomalacia, intracranial hemorrhages, hydrocephalus, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, early anemia of prematurity; to predict the physical and neuropsychiatric development of a child to age of one year; and also to predict an unfavorable outcome (death or disability with persistent health problems) of children born earlier than 32 weeks of gestation.   Conclusion. The developed artificial neural network programs can be used for personification of the therapeutic and diagnostic process and nursing of newborns, including very preterm ones.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90175722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the gut microbiota in children with chronic liver diseases","authors":"G. V. Volynets, A. S. Potapov, A. Nikitin, L. Danilov, T. Skvortsova, V. V. Dudurich","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-66-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-66-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   The value of the liver–gut axis is increasingly recognized as a major modulator of autoimmunity. There is no comparative analysis of data on the taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiota in chronic liver diseases in children.   Purpose. To investigate the taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiota in children with chronic liver diseases compared with healthy patients, to identify differences in bacterial diversity in autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver diseases, as well as the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the intestinal microbiota.   Material and methods. A metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota of 24 children with chronic liver diseases (mean age 10,3 ± 4,7 years) was carried out with the identification of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The group included 18 children with autoimmune liver diseases and 6 children with non-autoimmune liver diseases. The control group consisted of fecal samples of 34 apparently healthy children.   Results. When comparing fecal samples of children with autoimmune liver diseases with samples of healthy children, the taxa of Bacteroides dorei, Collinsella aerofaciens, Ruminococcus caffidurs prevailed, and for children of the control group — Neisseria flavescens. When comparing samples of patients with non-autoimmune liver diseases and the control group, it was found that the taxa Bacteroides fragilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bifidobacterium longum prevailed in healthy children. When comparing fecal samples from children with autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver diseases, it was found that Veillonella dispar, Cloacibacillus porcorum, Veillonella parvula, Prevotella histicola and Bacteroides eggerthii taxa dominate in patients with non-autoimmune diseases. No dominant taxa of the gut microbiota were found in children with autoimmune liver diseases. It has been established that the taxa Veillonella dispar, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia inulinivorans, Bacteroides xylanisolvens and Alistipes obesi prevail in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and the taxa Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Bacteroides ovatus, Solobacterium mooreis and Holdemanella massilien prevail in patients not receiving immunosuppressive therapy.   Conclusion. A recent study of the gut microbiota in children with chronic liver disease shows differences in the imbalance of the gut microbiota compared to the results obtained in adults. The gut microbiota model is capable of distinguishing autoimmune liver diseases from non-autoimmune diseases. Immunosuppressive therapy is accompanied by the dominance of taxa that reduce the production of short-chain fatty acids.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89102527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic paroxysmal atrioventricular block","authors":"I. A. Kovalyov, V. M. Soloviov, E. R. Shabaeva, L. V. Egorov, S. A. Termosesov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-96-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-96-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   The article presents a clinical case of paroxysmal atrioventricular block, which is a rare and difficult to diagnose cause of syncope, which makes it difficult for specialists to make a correct diagnosis and determine the tactics of patient management.   Purpose. To demonstrate a clinical case, in which comprehensive methods of examination were carried out to identify the cause of syncope, and to show the need of understanding its pathogenesis.   For differential diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out not only routine examination methods, but also to use drug tests, as well as long-term monitoring devices (multi-day daily Holter monitoring, loop recorders of long-term ECG recording, smart watches, etc.), which help to find the cause of syncope. According to the clinical recommendations, patients with atrioventricular block and clinical symptomatology, require continuous cardiac pacing in order to prevent asystole with potential sudden cardiac death.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81505403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current approaches to respiratory pathology in late preterm infants","authors":"E. Sarkisyan, S. V. Dumova, A. I. Volkova, O. Chugunova, I. V. Zhuravleva, L. A. Levchenko, E. I. Shabelnikova, P. V. Shumilov","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-14-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-14-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   Late preterm babies are those born between 340/7 and 366/7 weeks of gestation, constituting the largest subgroup of preterm infants. Despite the relative morphofunctional maturity, these children remain at a high risk of damage to various organs and systems, and there is also a high mortality rate. One of the top places in the structure of morbidity in late preterm is occupied by respiratory disorders. Quite often there is transient tachypnea, respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, pulmonary hypertension, and congenital pneumonia. Currently, there are various approaches to prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of respiratory disorders in late preterm children. Until now, the issue of the advisability of prenatal prevention of respiratory distress syndrome with corticosteroids after the 34th week of gestation has not been resolved. Non-invasive methods of respiratory support are more popular along with minimally invasive administration of surfactant preparations when indicated. The trend towards an annual increase in late preterm births determines the need to improve the methods of their nursing. The control over respiratory disorders and hypoxia is crucial in the prevention of adverse outcomes in late preterm children.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75931753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive speech disorders in children with congenital heart defects aged 5–7 years","authors":"А. А. Rumiantseva, L. N. Igisheva, V. Kameneva, A. V. Shabaldin","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-52-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-52-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   Purpose. To found out expressive speech disorders as a sign of neurocognitive development delay in children with congenital heart defects before and after surgery.   Material and methods: 216 children with congenital heart defects were divided into groups according to the presence (group 1, n = 71) and absence (group 2, n = 145) of family history confounding factors, and studied before surgery and in 1 and 2 years after definitive repair under cardiopulmonary bypass. The anamnesis, clinical and hemodynamic aspects were studied before and after surgery, mental status and expressive speech diagnostics were also performed.   Results. The predictors of neurocognitive impairment in children with congenital heart defects before surgery were identified: the level of heart failure, comorbidity, burdened family history. 76.3 % of children had «average» level of neurocognitive development (more in group 2) in a year after surgical correction, while 23.6 % had «low» and «very low» level (more in group 1); there were general expressive speech disorders in 68 % children in group 1 and in 55 % in group 2 among all children. «High» level of neurocognitive development was recorded in 2 years (13.8 % among all children), while the number of children with general expressive speech disorders was approximately the same despite of positive dynamic of clinical and hemodynamic aspects.   Conclusion. There are «low» levels of neurocognitive development and expressive speech disorders in children with congenital heart defects in long term postoperative period despite of clinical and hemodynamic normalization. It can predict significant risks and poor quality of life in the absence of timely correction.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83489218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of postural control in infants of the first year of life with impaired motor development, born at different gestation periods","authors":"T. Samsonova, V. Krivonogov, S. B. Nazarov, Yu. A. Rylskaya","doi":"10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-46-xx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-46-xx","url":null,"abstract":"   The postural control development is a complex physiological process, which is the basis for the development of motor functions. Approaches to the assessment of postural control and the features of its formation in infants of the first year of life have not been studied enough.   Purpose. To reveal the features of postural control development in infants of the first year of life with the consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system in the form of impaired motor development, born at different gestational ages.   Material and methods. We examined 120 infants of the first year of life with impaired motor development and 16 infants without neurological pathology. Infants with impaired motor development were divided into 4 subgroups: 1 (n = 30) — full-term, 2 (n = 30) — very preterm, 3 (n = 30) — moderately preterm, 4 (n = 30) — late premature children depending on their gestational age at birth. The examination was conducted at 3–4 months of calendar age in full-term and corrected in premature infants and included an assessment of the neurological status, a clinical assessment of postural control, and computer stabilometry.   Results. Violation of postural control was found in infants of the first year of life with the consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system in the form of impaired motor development, born at different gestational ages. These postural disorders may be associated with changes in muscle tone and impaired sensorimotor integration.   Conclusion. Further research will enable the development of objective criteria for diagnosing postural disorders in infants of the first year of life, depending on the gestational age at birth. This will contribute to the timely start of treatment and rehabilitation measures, reducing the frequency and severity of disabling consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system.","PeriodicalId":21550,"journal":{"name":"Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88629201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}