Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection mimicking lung cancer: a case report.","authors":"Melissa Matzumura-Kuan,&nbsp;Jeffrey Jennings","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.920104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.920104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary infections can mimic a pulmonary neoplasm. Multiple organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, can present with similar clinical, radiographic, and surgical findings as neoplastic processes. Because treatment and the prognosis are completely different, an accurate diagnosis is crucial, and lung biopsy is usually required. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is part of the normal oral flora and is a rare cause of invasive infection due to hematogenous dissemination or aspiration, particularly infective endocarditis. We present a case of A. actinomycetemcomitans and Actinomyces co-infection that presented as a mediastinal mass, with surgical findings similar to lung malignancy but with biopsy and culture showing an infectious origin. After antibiotic treatment, follow-up images showed resolution of the mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 9","pages":"669-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.920104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32408701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of IGRA tests and TST in the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection and predicting tuberculosis in risk groups in Krakow, Poland.","authors":"Katarzyna Kruczak,&nbsp;Mariusz Duplaga,&nbsp;Marek Sanak,&nbsp;Adam Cmiel,&nbsp;Lucyna Mastalerz,&nbsp;Krzysztof Sladek,&nbsp;Ewa Nizankowska-Mogilnicka","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.927955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.927955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in risk groups in Krakow, using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test and the tuberculin skin test (TST); we also sought to assess the rate of progression to active disease over 4-5 y of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>QFT-GIT tests were performed on 785 subjects and the TST on 701 subjects from the risk groups of homeless persons, close contacts, periodic contacts, and residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), and subjects from a low risk group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In homeless persons, close contacts, periodic contacts, LTCF residents, and low risk persons, a positive QFT-GIT was found in 36.7%, 27.2%, 27.0%, 21.1%, and 23.7% of subjects, respectively, while a positive TST was found in 55.8%, 47.4%, 47.6%, 43.2%, and 47.9%, respectively. Of 63 homeless subjects, 5 developed active TB over 248 person-y of follow-up (incidence rate (IR) 20 per 1000 person-y, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.4-48.5); of 148 close contacts, 5 developed active TB over 740 person-y of follow-up (IR 7, 95% CI 2.8-16.2); of 145 periodic contacts, 2 developed active TB over 580 person-y of follow-up (IR 4, 95% CI 0.9-13.8). The IR per 1000 person-y (95% CI) among subjects with a positive QFT-GIT was 30 (9.0-86.1) for homeless subjects, 18 (5.7-54.7) for close contacts, and 13 (3.2-51.3) for periodic contacts. In Poland there is no policy for the provision of LTBI treatment to people with a positive QFT or TST; therefore, the estimated rates of disease progression were analysed amongst untreated subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of positive QFT-GIT and TST was high in the study risk groups. The best predictor of active TB in the homeless and close contacts groups was a positive QFT-GIT together with a positive TST.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 9","pages":"649-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.927955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32544465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corynebacterium minutissimum vascular graft infection: case report and review of 281 cases of prosthetic device-related Corynebacterium infection.","authors":"Rebecca M Reece,&nbsp;Cheston B Cunha,&nbsp;Josiah D Rich","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.918650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.918650","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Corynebacterium spp. have proven their pathogenic potential in causing infections, particularly in the setting of immunosuppression and prosthetic devices. We conducted a PubMed literature review of all cases of Corynebacterium prosthetic device infections published in the English language through December 2013. The majority of cases involved peritoneal dialysis and central venous catheters, but prosthetic joints and central nervous system shunts/drains were also involved. The management of these cases in terms of retention or removal of the device was not uniform; however, the overall mortality remained the same among both groups. All of these prosthetic device infections pose potential problems in management when the device cannot be removed safely for the patient, especially with the lack of data on the pathogenicity of Corynebacterium species. However with better identification of species and sensitivities, successful treatment is possible even with retention of the device.","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 9","pages":"609-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.918650","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32428089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two durations of triple-drug therapy in patients with uncomplicated brucellosis: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Masoomeh Sofian,&nbsp;Ali-Akbar Velayati,&nbsp;Arezoo Aghakhani,&nbsp;Willi McFarland,&nbsp;Ali-Asghar Farazi,&nbsp;Mohammad Banifazl,&nbsp;Ali Eslamifar,&nbsp;Amitis Ramezani","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.918275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.918275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brucellosis remains the most common zoonotic disease throughout the world and especially in Iran. Several clinical trials have tested different therapeutic regimens for brucellosis, but few have assessed the optimal duration of treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a randomized controlled trial to compare a triple-drug regimen of doxycycline plus rifampicin for 6 weeks and streptomycin for the first 7 days with doxycycline plus rifampicin for 8 weeks and streptomycin for 7 days in patients with uncomplicated brucellosis in Arak, Iran. The primary outcome measure for the treatment groups was the relapse rate measured at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after cessation of therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eligible patients were randomized to one of the 2 groups with 72 per arm. We found no significant difference in the relapse rate for the 8-week treatment group compared to the 6-week group (9.7% vs 13.9%). There were no significant differences between the 6-week and 8-week groups regarding the relapse rate, period between clinical presentation and beginning of treatment, and time of relapse. Symptom resolution was achieved in all cases at a median 9.5 days and no cases experienced continuing symptoms after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our trial found no significant difference between 6-week and 8-week regimens of doxycycline and rifampicin plus streptomycin for the first 7 days. Further comparative studies with a large sample size should be implemented to achieve a consistent therapeutic regimen for uncomplicated brucellosis, to help identify those who may benefit from longer treatment, and to minimize adverse effects and unnecessary continuation of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"573-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.918275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32429707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of anamnestic criteria for the identification of patients with acute community onset viral gastroenteritis in the emergency department--A prospective observational study.","authors":"Thomas Andreasson,&nbsp;Lars Gustavsson,&nbsp;Magnus Lindh,&nbsp;Ing-Marie Bergbrant,&nbsp;Christina Raner,&nbsp;Christina Ahrén,&nbsp;Johan Westin,&nbsp;Lars-Magnus Andersson","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.914242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.914242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To our knowledge no clinical criteria for the identification of community onset viral gastroenteritis in individual patients have been evaluated systematically with modern PCR-based diagnostic assays as gold standard.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify factors independently associated with the detection of virus by PCR in rectal swab samples from patients with acute community onset gastroenteritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted from December 2010 through March 2011 at the emergency department (ED) of a large teaching hospital. All patients who reported vomiting and/or diarrhoea up to 48 h prior to their visit to the ED were asked to participate. A rectal swab sample was obtained from each patient. Symptoms, date of onset, and epidemiological data were recorded. Samples were analysed with a multiple real-time PCR targeting 6 viral agents (astrovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, and norovirus GI and GII).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and five patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of whom 66 agreed to participate; their median (IQR) age was 65 (38-84) y and 43 (65%) were females. Thirty-one (47%) were positive by PCR for at least 1 of the agents examined (26 norovirus, 2 sapovirus, 2 rotavirus, and 1 adenovirus). Diarrhoea and a short duration of symptoms (≤ 2 days) were independently associated with a positive rectal swab sample, with odds ratios of 7.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-28) and 10.4 (95% CI 1.9-56), respectively (p < 0.01 for both). A multivariate model including these 2 variables had a sensitivity of 81% (25/31) and a specificity of 69% (24/35).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diarrhoea and a short duration of symptoms were the only anamnestic criteria independently associated with acute community onset viral gastroenteritis confirmed by PCR.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"561-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.914242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32347011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic factors of calcaneal osteomyelitis.","authors":"Audrey Merlet,&nbsp;Charles Cazanave,&nbsp;Frederic-Antoine Dauchy,&nbsp;Hervé Dutronc,&nbsp;Vincent Casoli,&nbsp;Dominique Chauveaux,&nbsp;Bertille De Barbeyrac,&nbsp;Michel Dupon","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.914241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.914241","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Calcaneal osteomyelitis is difficult to manage and requires a multidisciplinary approach. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of calcaneal osteomyelitis, and to determine prognostic factors. Methods: This was an observational and retrospective study including all patients presenting with calcaneal osteomyelitis referred to a tertiary referral centre between January 2005 and December 2010. Results: Forty-two patients (mean age 50.7 y, range 22–89 y) were included. Fifteen were female. The mean duration of follow-up was 20 months (range 12–48 months). Twenty-six (62%) were post-traumatic osteomyelitis and 16 (38%) were secondary to neurological damage (sensitivity or motor impairment). All patients underwent surgical management with bone curettage and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated bacterium and was found in 29 patients. Polymicrobial samples were observed in 29 patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was associated with calcaneal osteomyelitis secondary to neurological damage (n = 7; 44% p = 0.045). Twenty-eight patients (66.7%) healed without the need to resort to amputation. The mean time to healing was 29 weeks with a range of 4–144 weeks. Relapse of bone infection occurred in 17 patients (40.5%). Seven patients (16.7%) required amputations. Favourable prognostic factors for healing without amputation were an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score < 2 (p < 10−4), post-traumatic calcaneal osteomyelitis (p = 0.001), age < 65 y (p = 0.02), absence of neuropathy (p = 0.005), and absence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Calcaneal osteomyelitis is characterized by frequent relapse with delayed wound healing. Clinicians should take into account the impact of older age, as well as co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus or the presence of neuropathy, during the routine management of patients with this difficult-to-treat bone infection.","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"555-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.914241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32352088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular analysis of the rpsL gene for rapid detection of streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Jing He,&nbsp;Baosheng Zhu,&nbsp;Zhaojie Yang,&nbsp;Binbin Hu,&nbsp;Lianbing Lin,&nbsp;Qi Zhang","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.918649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.918649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a major threat to tuberculosis (TB) control programs and public health. Most conventional methods of drug susceptibility testing (DST) are precise but time-consuming. Molecular analysis of the rpsL gene has been used widely in diagnosing streptomycin-resistant MTB since it is rapid and specific. The aim of the present study was to perform a meta-analysis to assess the accuracy of molecular assay of the rpsL gene for the rapid detection of streptomycin-resistant MTB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases for studies that applied a molecular assay of the rpsL gene to detect streptomycin-resistant MTB with a conventional method as the reference. The sensitivity and specificity were pooled by a random effect model using Meta-DiSc software. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was applied to summarize the diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 studies involving 2618 specimens with 1372 streptomycin-resistant and 1246 streptomycin-susceptible specimens met our inclusion criteria. The overall sensitivity and specificity estimates were 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-0.66) and 1.00 (95% CI 0.99-1.00), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.9069 and the Cochrane (Q*) index was 0.8387.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis reveals that molecular assay of the rpsL gene is a reliable and useful method for the detection of streptomycin-resistant MTB.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"585-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.918649","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32428091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for the acquisition of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a burn unit: An appraisal of the effect of colonization pressure.","authors":"Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante,&nbsp;Priscila Canet,&nbsp;Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.920103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.920103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) is a major threat for critically ill patients, including those admitted to burn units. Recent studies have suggested that colonization pressure (the proportion of patients or patient-days harbouring the pathogen of interest) is an important driver of the risk for acquisition of multidrug-resistant organisms. With that in mind, we conducted a cohort study, enrolling 208 patients admitted to a burn unit from November 2008 through December 2009. The outcome of interest was the acquisition of IRAB. In addition to the usual risk factors, we assessed the impact of colonization pressure. The number of wound excisions (odds ratio (OR) 12.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.82-51.64) and the number of antimicrobials used (OR 22.82, 95% CI 5.15-101.19) were significant risk factors for the outcome of interest. On the other hand, colonization pressure (measured for whole time of exposure or up to the last 14, 7, or 3 days) was not associated with the risk for IRAB acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"593-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.920103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32413474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive symptoms are frequent among drug users, but not associated with hepatitis C infection.","authors":"Lone W Madsen,&nbsp;Thilde Fabricius,&nbsp;Simon Hjerrild,&nbsp;Thomas M Hansen,&nbsp;Belinda K Mössner,&nbsp;Inge Birkemose,&nbsp;Merete Skamling,&nbsp;Peer B Christensen","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.918274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.918274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms among drug users with and without hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey study carried out at the 2 major drug treatment centres on the island of Funen, Denmark. Participants were drug users presenting to the 2 treatment centres. Individuals with chronic hepatitis B virus or HIV infection were excluded. Participants completed the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) questionnaire when presenting at the centres. Patients with MDI scores indicating severe depression (total MDI score ≥ 35) were referred for treatment evaluation. Hepatitis C status was classified by the presence of anti-HCV as a marker of HCV exposure and HCV-RNA as a marker of ongoing infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and sixty-eight patients were included, of whom 235 (88%) had complete serological testing; 100 (43%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 36-49%) had chronic hepatitis C. The median MDI score was 22 (interquartile range 12-33); 32% (95% CI 26-39%) had a score compatible with depression and 14% (95% CI 10-19%) were rated as severe depression. Depression was not associated with hepatitis C (HCV-infected 29%, non-infected 35%; p = 0.25). Forty-one percent (11/27) of the evaluated participants started antidepressant treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among drug users, but this was not more frequent among HCV-infected patients. The high overall prevalence of depression underlines the relevance of screening for depression in patients who are drug users.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"566-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.918274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32428088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteraemia caused by Actinobaculum schaalii: An overlooked pathogen?","authors":"Johanna Sandlund,&nbsp;Martin Glimåker,&nbsp;Anita Svahn,&nbsp;Annelie Brauner","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.913306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.913306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Actinobaculum schaalii is a uropathogen resistant to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. It requires a long culture time and specific conditions, and is therefore easily overgrown by other bacteria and regarded as part of the normal bacterial flora. We review 17 cases of A. schaalii bacteraemia, demonstrating its invasive potential. A. schaalii should always be ruled out as causative agent in patients with urinary tract infection or urosepticaemia with treatment failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"46 8","pages":"605-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.913306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32352089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}