{"title":"Contribution of Gulf of Aqaba Water (GAW) to Red Sea waters","authors":"M. Wafar","doi":"10.36956/SMS.V2I1.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/SMS.V2I1.291","url":null,"abstract":"Data obtained on hydrography and currents in meridional sections in Gulf of Aqaba and Red Sea in November 2013 and March 2015 were used to determine the extent of contribution of Gulf of Aqaba Water (GAW) to formation of Red Sea waters. The southward flow across the Strait of Tiran was ~0.02 Sv in both periods which is direct evidence of significant contribution of GAW to Red Sea waters in autumn-winter. A multiple tracer analysis using temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen showed that the GAW, on entry into Red Sea, bifurcates into two branches. The upper branch exiting the Strait in the depth range 150-220 m has densities between 28.3 and 28.5, continues to flow at the same depths, and feeds the Red Sea Overflow Water (RSOW). The lower branch that exits between 220 and 250 m above the sill cascades down its southern face, mixes with northward recirculating branch of Red Sea Deep Water (RSDW) and sinks to the bottom and forms part of southward-flowing RSDW. Contribution of GAW to northern Red Sea waters below 100 m depth was 36 ± 0.4% in November 2013 and 42.1 ± 5.4% in March 2015. GAW is traceable down to 17-19 °N in RSDW and RSOW. Volume contribution of GAW to RSOW was 9.6 * 1012 m3, about 50% higher than that for RSDW (6 * 1012 m3). Analyses of the data from R.V. Maurice Ewing cruise in 2001 gave similar results and lend support for these deductions. Indirect estimates suggest that contribution of GSW to deep water formation could exceed that of GAW.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125457337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Internal Waves in the Persian Gulf","authors":"S. M. Mosaddad","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i2.28","url":null,"abstract":"The Persian Gulf (PG), as a semi-enclosed water basin extends in [47-57] E, [24-30] N, geographic domain. Particularly, northern part of the PG shows more baroclinicity and turbulence because of the river inflow from the Arvand, bottom and costal stresses. Furthermore, wind stress has many effects rather than in mid deep domain of the PG. Thermocline development in the PG is observed because of studying the data measured in the Mt. Mitchell cruise in 1992 by different models from winter to summer. The studied turbulence in the northern part of the PG is navigated from winter to summer due to the internal wave’s activity and stability intensified through water column.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121293917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Moisture absorption and diffusion of a carbon composite structure","authors":"B. Wang","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i2.116","url":null,"abstract":"Composite materials are lightweight structures and have been wildly used in marine applications. A carbon composite structure usually absorbs moisture while in-service, which can significantly affect its properties, and detriments the overall performance. We perform a detailed study on moisture absorption and diffusion of a carbon fibre reinforced vinyl ester resin composite system. Composite samples are immersed directly in four different solutions at a temperature of 37±0.5℃ for 1444h. The moisture diffusion is analysed through the Fickian diffusion model; the diffusion parameters are subsequently determined from the gravimetric data. The moisture absorption and interaction with the composite constituents are then discussed. These indicate the fundamentals of the moisture absorption and diffusion within the carbon composite structure.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129284643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrosion Control of Coated Structural Components in Marine Environment","authors":"G. Manjunath, S. Surendran","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical waters are with more salinity and harbor millions of micro organisms. Such environmental condition challenges the strength and reliability of marine structures. The behaviour of structural materials due to pitting and uniform corrosion is studied, and a method based on coating is suggested to improve the life cycle ensuring reliability in its functionality. The structural materials like high strength steel and AA6063 were selected for the study and metallic coating performed for evaluation of corrosion resistances. Samples are investigated in chloride concentration of 3.5% NaCl by weight loss measurements and potentiodynamic polarization. The coating was done by electroplating and PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) method for high strength steel, where as aluminum samples were coated by an electroplating method. The high strength steel samples were mono coated by Ni and Cr using the electroplating method, and composite coating was done with Al-N (Aluminium nitride) and Ti-Al-N (Titanium Aluminium Nitride) by PVD techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for evaluation of fracture toughness of coating around the pits formed. The investigation showed that the methods and thickness of coating influenced corrosion resistances of the substrate metals. Composite coated samples by PVD showed excellent corrosion resistance properties compared to electroplated samples after the investigations. Finite element analysis was performed by FRANC 2D/L (Fracture Analysis Code) showed a decrease in stress intensity values for composite coated samples of PVD compared to mono coated electroplated samples. Increase in the duty cycle of the structure was observed in the simulation has a result of a decrease in stress intensity values for PVD coated samples.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126506761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A practical decision making on design of fixed offshore wind turbine support structure considering socio-economic impact","authors":"M. Vishnu, S. Surendran","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Wind energy is considered one of the most promising alternative energy sources against the conventional fossil fuels. However, the deployment of these structures in deep-water for better power production is considered as a complex task. This also has raised the issue regarding selection of appropriate support structures for various sea conditions by considering environmental impact and carbon footprint. This paper considers a jacket like support structure as a case study for an intermediate water depth (50m). The jacket is considered to be located in North of Dutch Sea, and 100-extreme wave is applied as load condition. Here, the presented methodology provides an insight towards environmental/social impact made by the optimized designs in comparison with reference design.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114858455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of moonpool on the total resistance of a drillship by the effect of water motions inside the moonpool","authors":"Sivabalan Ponnappan, S. Sankunny","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Moonpools are openings right through the hull from continuous deck to bottom of the ship, allowing equipment or mini-submarines to be put into the water at a location on the vessel with minimum ship motion. Open moonpools in a drillship are causing additional resistance when the ship is in forward speed. It was shown that the water inside the moonpool started to oscillate at forward speed. The water mass in the moonpool is subjected to sloshing and piston modes. The vertical motion is piston mode and the longitudinal one is called as sloshing mode. This water particle motion inside the moonpool is mainly depended on the geometry, moonpool depth, and encountered wave frequency. Out of this, moonpool geometry is one of the key factors for the performance of the moonpool. The varying cross-section geometry is one of the practically possible and economically feasible solutions to reduce the oscillation to a considerable level is attempted in this paper. Also the resistance caused by the moonpool and the free surface generated around the hull is investigated with the use of computer simulation.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132262854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application Of Fuzzy-Logic In Ship Manoeuvring In Confined Waters","authors":"S. Surendran, S. K. Lee","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"A ship manoeuvring problem is solved using an algorithm built on fuzzy logic. The manoeuvring model for a design ship is coded in C++ and the results are presented here. A bulk carrier is assumed as design ship for a newly setting up harbor along the east coast of India. The harbor mouth is 25 km away from the deep water zone. The approach channel is straight along the 22 km length. Laterally restricted and shallow waters are considered and their influences on hydrodynamic derivatives are discussed. Some sample problems are solved. Trajectories, ship heading, rudder angle, velocities and accelerations, of the moving vessel, are calculated and presented for clarity. The developed code is robust in the sense that any designer or user can easily interact with various input parameters to verify the outputs and their suitability for the design ship meant for a particular water front location. The results are validated using another algorithm built on PID which is discussed in brief.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"83 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132400184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical behavior of patched steel panels at elevated temperatures","authors":"S. Surendran, G. Manjunath, S. K. Lee","doi":"10.36956/sms.v1i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36956/sms.v1i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Preventive maintenance is an accepted practice in engineering to keep the structural reliability of ship hulls at the highest possible level. Designers ensure a longer period in between the consecutive maintenance of ship hull parts to optimize expenditure. This is relevant in view of the difficulty in reaching farthest corners in ballast tanks, fuel storage tanks, cofferdams etc. Prior maintenance of the deck and hull parts save a considerable amount of the owner’s budget.A portable technology like patching becomes more handy and economic. Performance of both unpatched and patched samples during dynamic loading conditions being examined in the present investigation. The high strength steel panels with a dimension of 70mm×15mm×3mm were edge cracked for lengths of 4mm and 7mm, with width of 1mm for both. The edge cracked high strength steel panels are repaired with composite patches using GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) and AFRP (aramid fiber reinforced plastic). The patching was done by 3 and 5 layered and impact tested by Charpy impact tester at ranges of high temperatures. The amount of energy absorbed in the impact is converted to dynamic fracture toughness values and compared for evaluating the performance of FRP (fiber reinforced plastics). Finite element analysis was done for evaluating the stress intensity factors at different types of patching and testing conditions. Comparatively the AFRP patched samples showed better dynamic fracture toughness values at different temperatures.","PeriodicalId":215374,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Marine Structures","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124543076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
