Rivista di psichiatria最新文献

{"title":"[Covid-19 emergency and telemedicine: multifamily psychoeducational intervention in a forensic setting.]","authors":"Marco Lombardi,&nbsp;Roberta Ortenzi,&nbsp;Jessica Sanna,&nbsp;Martina Pecorari,&nbsp;Maria Chiara Scenti,&nbsp;Cristina Iannini,&nbsp;Brunella Lagrotteria,&nbsp;Cristina Mancini,&nbsp;Giovanna Paoletti,&nbsp;Giuseppe Nicolò","doi":"10.1708/4022.39975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/4022.39975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim is to describe remote multifamily psychoeducational intervention led by REMS \"Castore\" team (an Italian health care facility for offenders who suffer from mental disorders and socially dangerous) in ASL Roma 5, a local health authority, during covid-19 emergency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The applied theoretical models have been the integrated psychoeducational intervention by I. Falloon and the multifamily psychoeducational intervention based on problem solving by F. Veltro. The multifamily psychoeducational intervention was attempted by inpatients' relatives from June to August 2020 with 8 weekly meetings of 90' each led by two psychiatric rehabilitation therapists and healthcare experts. Six families were involved in the study and its members were assessed by questionnaire on family problems, Brief-COPE and general health questionnaire tests. Users were assessed by Level of Expressed Emotion Scale test for their expressed emotion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data analysis highlighted the general low level of subjective and objective burden for family members in association with a high perception of that support provided by REMS. Furthermore, the study has shown those coping approaches oriented to the research of practical solutions, acceptance of events and assertive communication.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The low subjective and objective burden may be attributed to implicit security conditions in REMS and the absence of tasks mainly carried out by experts. Those coping styles oriented to more practical than emotional approaches suggest an emotional hyper control or stigma perception leading to isolation and loneliness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The multifamily psychoeducational intervention has allowed a trustworthy relationship with REMS. Considering that the families involved in the study have never benefited by other psychoeducational interventions before, their early involvement appears to be a potential tool for preventing and managing crisis as well as minimizing recidivism.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediation role of impulsivity between childhood trauma and dissociative symptomatology in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Renato De Filippis,&nbsp;Elvira Anna Carbone,&nbsp;Martina D'Angelo,&nbsp;Marco Tullio Liuzza,&nbsp;Pasquale De Fazio,&nbsp;Luca Steardo","doi":"10.1708/4022.39978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/4022.39978","url":null,"abstract":"In bipolar disorder (BD) patients, trauma has been associated with emotional dysregulation, potentially leading to an increase in impulsivity and dissociative symptomatology. We aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma, impulsivity, and dissociative symptomatology in BD with a special focus on the role of impulsivity as a mediator between childhood trauma and dissociative symptomatology. METHODS We administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), Dissociative Experience Scale (DES-II), and Alda scale. Spearman correlation analysis assessed the independent variables associated with CTQ and DES-II. We performed a mediation analysis using the bootstrapping technique to verify the hypothesis that impulsivity represented an intervening variable between childhood trauma and dissociation. RESULTS CTQ and DES-II scores in 100 BD patients were both significantly associated with the number of lifetime affective episodes, a clinical course of mania-depression-euthymia, suicidal ideation, a history of antidepressant-induced manic switch, poor response to mood stabilizers, mixed features, psychotic symptoms, aggressive behavior, and BIS-11 (p<0.01). At the regression analysis, CTQ was associated with DES-II (p<0.001), while DES-II was associated with the CTQ (p<0.001) and BIS-11 (p< 0.001), as well as with aggression (p=0.002). The mediation analysis showed that impulsivity significantly mediated the effect of childhood trauma on dissociative symptomatology (z=25.71; 0.930-1.084). CONCLUSIONS Impulsivity might play a key role in onset and prognosis of BD patients. Our findings may help in increasing the knowledge about the possible association between impulsivity, childhood traumatic experiences and dissociative symptomatology. BD patients with dissociative symptoms might benefit from a tailored treatment which could include a training based on emotional and behavioral regulation.","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"84-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9323861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How obsessive doubts about the past differ from ordinary ones.","authors":"Gherardo Mannino","doi":"10.1708/4022.39979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/4022.39979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) still presents several enigmatic aspects, especially when viewed only from a third-person perspective. Instead, things become more comprehensible if we try to reconstruct the patient's first-person point of view. In this paper, an analysis of obsessive doubts about the past, illustrated by clinical examples, allows us to show that obsessive doubts, unlike ordinary ones, do not arise from insufficient knowledge of what happened. Instead, they seem to arise from the fact that OCD patients perceive all the mental images in which a feared event occurs as a sort of window open to a possible world. So that the authentic drama of an OCD subject is that he/she will face every time an array of possible worlds without knowing which of them is the real one. Furthermore, a comparison is made between the hypothesis presented in this paper and one of the best-known models in the literature: the hypothesis of 'inferential confusion'. Finally, some implications for psychotherapy of OCD are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of bullying on healthcare workers: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.","authors":"Corrado Colaprico, Simone Addari, Giuseppe La Torre","doi":"10.1708/4022.39973","DOIUrl":"10.1708/4022.39973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This umbrella review will provide a broad overview of the prevalence of vertical and horizontal bullying, the departments and the workers most affected by these attacks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining the effects of bullying on healthcare workers. Data extraction and analysis was performed on all included studies. The research strategy was undertaken in May 2021 and included three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science): a total of 435 articles were retrieved from the Abstract and, once duplicates and irrelevant articles were removed, a total of 19 useful articles were reviewed. A comprehensive search was done to retrieve articles based on a PRISMA compliant protocol registered in PROSPERO: CRD 42021268082.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The general prevalence goes from 2 to 100%; for the individual healthcare workers, the highest prevalence is among nurses, 9-100%, followed by doctors 11.50-78.10%. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, the other healthcare workers such as midwives, radiology technicians, administrative, employees were grouped and their prevalence goes from 3.30 to 100%. The results show that female nurses are significantly more likely to be abused than their male colleagues (women 3.60-100%; men 2.00-64.40%). The workplace in many studies was relevant for bullying: in particular, the most affected departments were emergency departments (2-100%) followed by intensive care units (17-84.80%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bullying is extremely present among health workers and must be adequately countered. It will be necessary to carry out further studies to deepen the knowledge on this matter.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9331678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The permanence of the setting modifications adopted during the covid-19 pandemic in the clinical practice of Italian psychoanalysts.","authors":"Daniela Cantone,&nbsp;Stefania Cella,&nbsp;Annarosa Cipriano,&nbsp;Carmela Guerriera","doi":"10.1708/4022.39976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/4022.39976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The research aims to verify if the remote modality, introduced widely by Italian psychoanalysts at the lockdown, remains in clinical practice today, with specific reasons and characteristics. The authors hypothesize that the use of such modality, beyond health limitations, is a point of no return compared to the classical setting. Based on this hypothesis, an ad hoc online questionnaire was proposed; the subjects were also called upon to express an opinion on taleanalysis. Two hundred sixty-seven subjects responded. The results confirm a wide use of remote analysis even in the current situation; they also seem to indicate recognition by psychoanalysts of the emergence of new psychic phenomena in this type of setting, for example, childhood traumas that in the face-to-face analysis were unknown or inelaborate, usable in the treatment process.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binge eating disorder, impulsivity and bipolar spectrum features in a sample of obese candidates for bariatric surgery.","authors":"Lucia Massa,&nbsp;Marianna Abelli,&nbsp;Francesco Forfori,&nbsp;Luca Di Paolo,&nbsp;Antonella Benvenuti,&nbsp;Laura Palagini,&nbsp;Bruno Pacciardi,&nbsp;Accursio Raia,&nbsp;Valerio Caruso,&nbsp;Stefano Pini","doi":"10.1708/4022.39977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/4022.39977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Candidates for bariatric surgery are routinely screened for psychiatric disorders because abnormal eating behaviors are considered common among these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and persistence, in terms of one month-to-lifetime prevalence ratio, of binge eating disorder (BED) and the potential association with impulsivity features and bipolar spectrum comorbidity in a sample of obese patients undergoing a psychiatric evaluation for bariatric intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 80 candidates to bariatric surgery were assessed consecutively over 12 months within the framework of a collaboration between the University of Pisa Psychiatry and Internal Medicine Departments. Patients were evaluated through structured clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lifetime and last-month frequencies of BED according to DSM-5 criteria were 46.3% and 17.5%, respectively, with a prevalence ratio of 37.8%. Rates of formal bipolar disorder diagnoses were extremely low in patients with or without BED. However, patients with BED showed more severe dyscontrol, attentional impulsivity and bipolar spectrum features than patients with no BED.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship of BED, impulsivity, and mood disorders in bariatric patients is more complex than usually reported in the literature. In particular, the presence of bipolar spectrum features should be systematically investigated in these patients because of their essential clinical and therapeutical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"76-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of differently modulated communications on the covid-19 pandemic in the young population.","authors":"Cesare Maria Cornaggia,&nbsp;Pietro G Lovaglio,&nbsp;Michele A Riva,&nbsp;Miryam Mazzucchelli,&nbsp;Daniele Piscitelli,&nbsp;Giorgio Vittadini","doi":"10.1708/4022.39974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/4022.39974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Media communication during the covid-19 pandemic has been relevant for the population to receive information about the ongoing number of cases, deaths, and social restriction measures. Notably, the effects of the communication methods on young adults during the covid-19 pandemic have not been studied. Therefore the present study aimed to investigate the influence of communication modality about covid-19 on the perception of risk and judgment among young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double-blind cross-sectional study was designed. Three hundred four subjects (age range19-25 years old) saw a 4-minute video concerning data communication on the covid-19 pandemic and compiled an online questionnaire about their perceptions. Two videos were randomized, one presenting the covid-19 data negatively (HARD video) while the other showed a positive ongoing resolution of the pandemic (SOFT video). Association tests and nominal logistic regression were used to evaluate differences in responses among the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two videos lead to different reactions. Participants showed higher disagreement concerning the video content in the \"SOFT\" group compared to the \"HARD\" group. The responses of the \"SOFT\" group were more to be optimistic (OR=2.87, 95% CI 1.311-6.27) than those who had seen the \"HARD\" video. The sense of helplessness was lower in the \"SOFT\" compared \"HARD\" group (OR=3.02, 95% CI 1.311-6.96). The perception of fear was higher for the \"HARD\" group (OR=2.91, 95% CI 1.21-7-02).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The modality of data presentation influenced the perception and feelings about the covid-19 pandemic. Likely, pre-existing perception of a pessimistic perspective was present in both groups; thus, the video did not lead to any change in the behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The phobic or counter-phobic reactions shown in the study participants highlighted the importance of the reliability of the information received and how previous feelings may influence the perception of the information.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 2","pages":"50-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9329136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence in severe mental disorders: the association with age at onset and gender.","authors":"Dalila Talevi,&nbsp;Francesca Pacitti,&nbsp;Alessandro Rossi,&nbsp;Manuela Costa,&nbsp;Valentina Socci,&nbsp;Rodolfo Rossi","doi":"10.1708/3964.39428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/3964.39428","url":null,"abstract":"AIM The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between perpetration and victimization of violence with gender and age at onset of mental disorders in patients with severe mental disorders. METHODS 216 patients were recruited and evaluated with the Italian version of the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale. RESULTS We found higher levels of victimization of violence in women than men and more violence in patients with lower age at onset. DISCUSSION Gender and age at onset impact on violence in the adult life in a sample of patients with severe mental disorders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirmed the need of an early diagnosis and gender-tailored management of interpersonal violence.","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 1","pages":"27-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10589928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value and correlation analysis of deregulated oxy-Hb disorder in cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol dependence.","authors":"Jinglin Bai,&nbsp;Xiuqin Huang,&nbsp;Zhanping Ma,&nbsp;Xiangyang Zheng,&nbsp;Bowen Ji","doi":"10.1708/3964.39429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/3964.39429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the expression of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) in the brain of patients with alcohol dependence. Further, to evaluate the diagnostic value of oxy-Hb in the cognitive impairment of patients with alcohol dependence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-one alcohol-dependent adults and 70 healthy adults were recruited in the observation and control groups, respectively. The oxy-Hb level and scores of Wisconsin card sorting test, brief visuospatial memory test-revised, digital sequence test, digital span test, and continuous performance test were recorded and compared between the two groups. Further, the sensitivity and specificity of the oxy-Hb level for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol dependence were evaluated by drawing an ROC curve. Moreover, the correlation between the oxy-Hb level and cognitive function test scores was analyzed by Pearson's correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During cognitive activities, the oxy-Hb levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (p<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of oxy-Hb was 0.930, and the sensitivity and specificity were 89.1% and 84.0%, respectively. The scores of responses administered, trials to compete first category, perseverative responses, and the perseverative response errors in executive function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (p<0.001), whereas the correct responses score and categories completed score were lower than those in the control group (p<0.001). Similarly, the memory and attention scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (p<0.001). Moreover, the scores of correct responses, categories completed, brief visuospatial memory test-revised, digital sequence test, digital span test, and continuous performance test were positively correlated with the level of oxy-Hb (p<0.05). However, the scores of responses administered, trials to compete first category, and perseverative response errors were negatively correlated with the oxy-Hb level (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The oxy-Hb levels are reduced in patients with alcohol dependence and have high diagnostic accuracy for cognitive impairment in such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 1","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10597513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary study on similarities and dissimilarities of Neurological Soft Signs in schizophrenic and obsessive-compulsive disorders suggests a common maldevelopmental model.","authors":"Giuseppe Bersani,&nbsp;Adele Quartini,&nbsp;Giorgiana Manuali,&nbsp;Francesca Pacitti,&nbsp;Angela Iannitelli","doi":"10.1708/3964.39427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1708/3964.39427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Neurological Soft Signs (NSS) represent minor neurological signs related to non-specific cerebral alterations. They have been documented in many psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia (SCZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Aim of this study was to determine and compare the incidence and severity of NSS in patients with SCZ, in patients with OCD, and healthy control subjects (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES), this study investigated NSS in 15 SCZ patients, 14 OCD patients, and 15 HCs. PANSS and Y-BOCS were used to evaluate clinical picture in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with SCZ showed significantly higher scores compared to HCs in the NES total and each of the three NES subscales (Integrative Sensory Function, Motor Coordination, and Sequencing of Complex Motor Acts). Patients with OCD also showed significantly higher scores compared to HCs in the NES total, Motor Coordination and Sequencing of Complex Motor Acts, but not in Integrative Sensory Function. No significant differences emerged in the NES total and the various subscales scores between the two patients' groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results seem to confirm the presence of NSS in both SCZ and OCD. The different types of NSS presented by the two patients' groups versus HCs further supports the findings of widespread cerebral alterations in SCZ, on the other hand, with a preferential involvement of prefrontal and frontal cortex in OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":21506,"journal":{"name":"Rivista di psichiatria","volume":"58 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10597515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}