Russian Journal of Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Morphological, Biochemical and Enzymatic Responses of Some Capsicum Species to Drought Stress during Developmental Stages","authors":"U. H. Erol","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605895","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Drought, an important abiotic stress factor, has a profound effect on plant growth, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study investigated the interactive effects of drought stress [100, 75, 50 and 25% Field Capacity (FC)] and plant development stages (20, 40 and 60 days after flowering) on pepper species (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>L. and <i>Capsicum chinense</i> Jacq.). The results show that drought affects plant morphology and reduces photosynthetic pigments while increasing phytochemicals [total phenolics (TPh), total flavonoids (TFv) and total antioxidant activity (TAa)], malondialdehyde (MDA), protein, proline, and antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD)] (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). Throughout plant development, a decrease in photosynthetic pigments and phytochemicals was observed, accompanied by an increase in biochemical components and antioxidant enzymes. The photosynthetic pigments of <i>C. annuum</i> were less affected by drought. Extreme irrigation conditions (25 and 100% FC) caused significant phytochemical changes. With increasing drought stress severity, <i>C. annuum</i> showed significantly higher biophysical and enzymatic values compared to <i>C. chinense</i>. Different stress conditions resulted in significantly higher increases in SOD, POD and CAT levels in <i>C. annuum</i> compared to <i>C. chinense</i> at all growth stages, with average increases of 1.40-fold, 1.25-fold and 1.75-fold, respectively. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher in <i>C. annuum</i> with increasing stress severity, helping to cope with oxidative stress. In conclusion, <i>C. annuum</i> shows more stable morphological, physiological and biochemical performances compared to <i>C. chinense</i>, establishing itself as a more drought-tolerant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alleviating Salt-Induced Effects in Stevia rebaudiana Via Exogenous Supply of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Putrescine","authors":"M. Gerami, P. Majidian, M. Andarza, H. R. Ghorbani","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605470","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Salinity poses a serious challenge for stevia cultivation to meet growing demand. This study investigates protective supplements for stevia grown under saline conditions. Seedlings were subjected to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (0, 150, and 300 ppm), putrescine (0 and 1 mM), and salt (0, 75, and 150 mM) in a factorial design. Morphological traits (plant height, leaf dry and fresh weight), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, total), proline content, soluble and glycoside sugars (rebaudioside A and stevioside), and antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase and peroxidase) were measured. Higher salt concentrations (150 mM NaCl) reduced plant height, leaf dry and fresh weight, and chlorophyll but increased proline, soluble and glycoside sugars, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Foliar applications of putrescine (1 mM) and TiO₂ nanoparticles (150 and 300 ppm) mitigated salt stress by improving growth and physiological properties. Simultaneous application of putrescine (1 mM) and TiO₂ nanoparticles (300 ppm) was most effective at enhancing secondary metabolite production, important for the pharmaceutical industry. This study demonstrates protective roles of putrescine and TiO₂ nanoparticles for stevia cultivation under saline conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of PpGL2 from Prunus persica Enhanced Soybean Drought Tolerance","authors":"W. Li, L. Zhao, S. F. Jing, D. H. Li, H. Y. Li","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605469","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The HD-ZIP transcription factor family plays crucial roles in plant growth and abiotic stress responses. While its diverse functions and regulatory mechanisms are well-documented, its role in conferring abiotic stress tolerance in peaches remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the bioinformatics profile of PpGL2, a member of the HD-ZIP transcription factor family, and its integration into the soybean genome to assess its potential impact on drought tolerance. Localization studies in onion cells revealed nuclear localization of PpGL2-GFP fusion protein, while yeast hybridization experiments demonstrated its transactivation and DNA binding abilities. <i>PpGL2</i> overexpression under drought conditions led to reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde compared to wild-type, decreased rate of water loss, and increased chlorophyll and relative water content. Additionally, <i>PpGL2</i> overexpression promoted soybean height and root length under drought stress, accompanied by altered transcription levels of stress-related genes across different plant genotypes. Furthermore, <i>PpGL2</i> overexpression enhanced oxidative tolerance. Therefore, our findings suggest that <i>PpGL2</i> overexpression holds promise for enhancing soybean drought resistance, offering a novel approach to improving soybean drought resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloroplast Genome Characteristics and Phylogenetic Relationships of Different Sorghum Germplasms","authors":"Q. Li, B. Wang, Y. Chen, Y. Zhang, S. Yan","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605196","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Sorghum (<i>Sorghum</i> <i>bicolor</i>) is the fifth largest cereal crop in the world and is an important food and feed crop. However, the understanding of the chloroplast genome of sorghum is limited, especially for some landrace varieties. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of 10 sorghum varieties from southwestern China were assembled and analysed in depth. The genome sizes ranged between 140.644 and 140.814 bp; the b3 variety had the smallest genome size, and the b6, b7 and b8 varieties had the largest. Highly conserved sequences were found among the 10 cp genomes. A total of 136 genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 40 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs, were found in each cp genome. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the large single-copy (LSC) region had more SNPs and indels than the inverted repeat (IR) and small single-copy (SSC) regions. Furthermore, some genes, including <i>matK</i>, <i>matK-trnk</i>, <i>psbM-petN</i>, <i>rps12-rpl20</i>, and <i>ccsA</i>, exhibited greater sequence variation than others. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that b3 had a distant genetic relationship with the other 9 varieties. Our findings provide valuable information for a deeper understanding of the genetic structure of sorghum germplasm resources globally and provide an important foundation for subsequent genetic improvement of sorghum.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dust Pollution on Photosynthesis and Respiration Parameters of Lichens in the Bauxite Mine Area","authors":"M. A. Shelyakin, I. G. Zakhozhiy, I. V. Dalke, R. V. Malyshev, T. K. Golovko","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605536","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effect of dust pollution on the photosynthesis and respiration parameters of foliose lichens <i>Hypogimnia physodes</i> (L.) Nyl, <i>Lobaria pulmonaria</i> (L.) Hoffm. and <i>Peltigera aphthosa</i> (L.) Willd., collected near the bauxite mine (Komi Republic, Russia) was investigated. Microscopic analysis showed that fine dust particles were mainly on the thalli surface, with a few mineral inclusions in the thalli medulla. The deposition of dust particles caused significant changes in the optical properties of the lichen surface in the visible and infrared spectral regions. A number of spectral indices (BRI, REP, RES, WI) sensitive to lichen pollution by dust emissions from the bauxite mine were identified due changes in the reflectance spectra of the thalli. Shading of the algal layer by mineral particles deposited on the thalli surface did not affect the content of photosynthetic pigments and PS II photochemical activity parameters. At the same time, lichen CO₂-exchange parameters were observed to change. Lichen thalli from the polluted area were characterized by lower values of net CO₂ uptake in the moderate light conditions (150 µmol PAR/m² s), and the proportion of dark respiration in the gas exchange was 1.5 to 2 times higher than the values for thalli from background site. A 2-fold decrease in cytochrome respiration capacity was observed in thalli from the affected area. In thalli of <i>L. pulmonaria</i> and <i>P. aphthosa</i>, the energetically inefficient alternative respiratory pathway capacity increased 1.5‑fold and in <i>H. physodes</i> the activity of residual respiration increased more than 3.5-fold. The results obtained allowed an assessment of the chronic dust pollution effects on the foliose lichens symbionts functioning. The data may be useful for environmental biomonitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed Priming with Gallic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide as a Smart Approach to Mitigate Salt Stress in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) at the Germination Stage","authors":"A. Bouazzi, A. Bouallegue, M. Kharrat, Z. Abbes, F. Horchani","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724605354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724605354","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Salinity is a widespread environmental stress that severely impedes plant growth and development from seed germination to harvest. Thus, the development of suitable management practices to minimize the deleterious effects of salt stress has become necessary. Among these methods, seed priming is considered as one of the potential physiological approaches to enhance seed germination in salt-affected soils. In the present research, we investigated the potentiality of gallic acid (1 mM) and hydrogen peroxide (2 mM) as priming agents to alleviate the salinity-inhibited germination of three faba bean cvs. (Najeh, Chourouk and Bachaar). The seeds were soaked in distilled water (hydropriming) or pretreated with gallic acid and hydrogen peroxide, individually and simultaneously, and then subjected to 150 mM NaCl-salinity. Our results revealed that mean germination time was significantly increased; whereas final germination percentage and germination index as well as dry weight and water content of the embryonic axes were considerably lowered by salt stress in the unprimed seeds of the three faba bean cvs. This decrease was associated with inhibited starch degradation and increased malondialdehyde contents. Our results also indicated that although all germination traits as well as starch metabolism were enhanced following gallic acid, hydrogen peroxide and hydropriming treatments to varying degrees, priming-mitigating effects were agent-dependent with regard to salt-induced oxidative damage, and osmoprotectant accumulation (proline and glycine betaine) as well as non-enzymatic (total polyphenols and flavonoids) and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase and guaiacol peroxide) antioxidant defense system. Contrarily to hydropriming treatment for which no obvious effects were observed, gallic acid and hydrogen peroxide priming significantly decreased the malondialdehyde content, increased proline and glycine betaine accumulation and enhanced the non-enzymatic as well as the enzymatic defense system to varying degrees for the three faba cvs. When compared to other treatments, simultaneous priming with gallic acid and hydrogen peroxide was more efficient in mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on faba bean at the germination stage and may be, therefore, suggested as a potential strategy to overcome the salinity-mediated impairment of faba bean, particularly salt-sensitive genotypes, at the germination stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Component Composition of Tonoplast Sterol Fractions under Conditions of Stress Caused by Copper Ions","authors":"I. S. Kapustina, E. V. Spiridonova, N. V. Ozolina, A. V. Tretyakova, V. V. Gurina","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724606062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724606062","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The influence of toxic concentrations of copper ions (100 and 500 μM) on the composition of sterols in the vacuolar membrane of beet roots was studied (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.). As a result of the studies, 12 compounds were identified in the free sterol (FS) fraction and 11 compounds in the sterol ester (ES) fraction. The ES contained compounds that were not found in the FS. Interestingly, the total content of these biologically active compounds increased at 500 µM Cu²⁺. A decrease in such triterpenes as lanosta-7,9(11)-diene-3β,18,20-triol, 3,18-diacetate, (20R)-(C₃₄N₅₄O₅) was observed in FS and ES. In the FS fraction, the content of the compound 7,8-epoxylanostan-11-ol, 3-acetoxy- increased under stress, while its amount decreased in the ES. It has been established that the total content ∆5-sterols, under normal conditions and under stress, amounted to no more than 33% in the fraction of free sterols and 21% in the fraction of sterol esters. The predominant sterol was β-sitosterol. Its content decreased under the stress conditions studied in both sterol fractions. The results obtained show that the fractions of tonoplast sterols (FS and ES) are represented not only by ∆5-sterols, which are mainly studied in works devoted to membranology and lipidology of plants, but also by triterpene compounds and other substances with biological activity. The discovered substances may possibly affect the biophysical parameters of the tonoplast and the metabolic processes of the cell in which the vacuolar membrane is involved. The identified compounds actively responded to the toxic effects of Cu²⁺ ions, which can be considered as one of the mechanisms for protecting the plant cell from stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Polyphenol Complex in Reynoutria japonica Houtt. by the Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method","authors":"M. P. Razgonova, E. I. Cherevach, N. S. Kirilenko, E. N. Demidova, K. S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724606049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724606049","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The purpose of this work was to clarify the metabolomic composition of extracts, in particular, the presence of a polyphenol complex in extracts of the medicinal plant <i>Reynoutria japonica</i> Houtt<i>.</i>, belonging to the family Polygonaceae. Leaf and stem tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify target analytes in the extracts. A total of 31 chemical compounds have been identified, of which 18 compounds represent a polyphenolic complex. In addition to the identified secondary metabolites, some compounds were discovered for the first time, in particular, polyphenolic compounds: dihydrochalcone aspalathin, coumarin umbelliferone, lignan syringaresinol, as well as the flavones formononetin and gardenin B.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Traits of Melanized Thallus of the Cetraria islandica Lichen","authors":"A. G. Daminova, E. I. Galeeva, D. F. Rakhmatullina, L. V. Viktorova, F. V. Minibayeva","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724606104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724606104","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Lichens are extremophilic symbiotic associations possessing phenomenal resistance to abiotic stress-factors. In this regard, melanization of thalli in response to UV is one of the mechanisms protecting lichens from excessive insolation. However, microstructure and biochemical properties of the melanized thalli are still poorly investigated. In the present study, morphological, nanomechanical, and physiological, and biochemical traits of naturally melanized thalli of the <i>Cetraria islandica</i> (L.) Ach. lichen were examined. In the upper cortex of its thallus, the nature of the pigment layer was verified using typical qualitative reactions for melanins. It was found that melanization leads to changes in microstructure of the upper cortex of the mycobiont, in particular, thickening of the cell walls and extension of the interhyphal space. The melanized and pale (nonmelanized) thalli were found to differ from each other in their nanomechanical properties, including the parameters of adhesion and rigidity. This implies the possible formation of complex associates of melanin with cell wall components in the melanized mycobiont. In addition, higher antioxidant activity and lower respiratory activity were found in the melanized thalli of <i>C. islandica</i> in comparison with the pale thalli. Presumably, the found modifications in the microstructure and nanomechanical, physiological, and biochemical properties of thalli occurring in the course of melanization make lichens more resistant to intense insolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Preparation Rich in Zn-Pheophytin from the Leaves of Wheat Triticum aestivum L.","authors":"M. S. Khristin, T. N. Smolova","doi":"10.1134/s1021443724606116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1021443724606116","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The aim of this work was to produce a preparation enriched in a zinc derivative of pheophytin from the excised leaves of winter wheat <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L<i>.</i> First, pheophytinization of chlorophyll was conducted, then phenolic compounds and Mg²⁺ were washed out from the leaves at рН 3.5–4.0 with the addition of EDTA-Na followed by incubation with ZnCl₂; the leaves were dried and stored in the dark. Zinc derivatives were extracted by a double treatment with ethanol. In order to improve the yield, metallization was repeated. By the results of spectrofluorimetric analysis and thin-layer chromatography, the obtained preparation corresponded to Zn-pheophytin <i>а</i> and <i>b</i>. Prospects of application of Zn-pheophytin preparation with antioxidant and antiviral activities are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":21477,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}