Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports最新文献

{"title":"Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity Intensity Cut‐Points for Hip‐, Wrist‐, Thigh‐, and Lower Back Worn Accelerometer in Very Old Adults","authors":"Mathias Skjødt, Jan Christian Brønd, Mark A. Tully, Li‐Tang Tsai, Annemarie Koster, Marjolein Visser, Paolo Caserotti","doi":"10.1111/sms.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70009","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of negative mental and physical health outcomes in older adults. Traditionally, PA intensity is classified using METs, with 1 MET equal to 3.5 mL O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>·min<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>·kg<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. However, this may underestimate moderate and vigorous intensity due to age‐related changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR) and VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>max. VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>reserve accounts for these changes. While receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis is commonly used to develop PA, intensity cut‐points, machine learning (ML) offers a potential alternative. This study aimed to develop ROC cut‐points and ML models to classify PA intensity in older adults. Sixty‐seven older adults performed activities of daily living (ADL) and two six‐minute walking tests (6‐MWT) while wearing six accelerometers on their hips, wrists, thigh, and lower back. Oxygen uptake was measured. ROC and ML models were developed for ENMO and Actigraph counts (AGVMC) using VO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>reserve as the criterion in two‐third of the sample and validated in the remaining third. ROC‐developed cut‐points showed good‐excellent AUC (0.84–0.93) for the hips, lower back, and thigh, but wrist cut‐points failed to distinguish between moderate and vigorous intensity. The accuracy of ML models was high and consistent across all six anatomical sites (0.83–0.89). Validation of the ML models showed better results compared to ROC cut‐points, with the thigh showing the highest accuracy. This study provides ML models that optimize the classification of PA intensity in very old adults for six anatomical placements hips (left/right), wrist (dominant/non‐dominant), thigh and lower back increasing comparability between studies using different wear‐position.Clinical Trial Registration: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http://clinicaltrials.gov\">clinicaltrials.gov</jats:ext-link> identifier: NCT04821713","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrated Neuromuscular Training Intervention Applied in Primary School Induces Epigenetic Modifications in Disease-Related Genes: A Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Study.","authors":"Fidanka Vasileva, Raquel Font-Lladó, Víctor López-Ros, Jordi Barretina, Aleix Noguera-Castells, Manel Esteller, Abel López-Bermejo, Anna Prats-Puig","doi":"10.1111/sms.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical exercise has been shown to induce epigenetic modifications with various health implications, directly affect DNA methylation (DNAm), as well as reverse the epigenetic age. Hence, we aimed to identify differential methylation changes and assess the epigenetic age in the saliva of 7-9-year-old school children following a 3-month integrated neuromuscular training (INT), as well as to explore if any of the methylation changes are in core genes. Core genes are defined as genes of high relevance and essential importance within the human genome. Forty children (17 boys and 23 girls) were recruited from schools in Girona, Spain, and allocated into control (N = 20) or INT (N = 20) group. The INT group performed a 3-month INT as a warm-up during the physical education (PE) classes, encompassing strength, coordination, dynamic stabilization, plyometrics, speed, and agility exercises, whereas the control group performed traditional warm-up activities, encompassing aerobic exercises that will prepare the cardiovascular system and increase the joint mobility for the upcoming effort during the class. Genome-wide DNAm analysis was performed with the Illumina 900 K microarray. Core genes were recognized based on the accomplishment of a rigorous and widely accepted 3-point criteria: participation in the enriched pathways, high connectivity (≥ 10), and target genes of key transcription factors. There were 1200 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) in the control group and 414 DMPs in the INT group (FDR < 0.05, p < 0.05, Aβ < |0.1|), suggesting a non-significant trend of epigenetic age acceleration in the control group (1.18 months, p > 0.05) and a non-significant 1-month decrease of the epigenetic age in the INT group (p > 0.05). The genes with DMPs in the control group showed low similarity between enriched pathways and low interconnectivity, encompassing distinct pathways, mostly development and growth-related. Additionally, no core genes were identified in the control group. Interestingly, the genes with DMPs in the INT group showed high similarity between enriched pathways and high interconnectivity, encompassing related pathways involving signaling mechanisms, as well as hormone and protein metabolism pathways. Moreover, 17 DMPs in the children from the INT group were in core genes. The main findings of the present study are suggesting an integrated response to the training stimulus in 7-9-year-old school children that performed a 3-month INT, including epigenetic modifications in 17 genes considered as core genes. Trial Registration: The study protocol was registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN16744821).</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 1","pages":"e70012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classifying Impact Loading Using Axial Peak Tibial Acceleration and Impact-Related Biomechanical Differences During Treadmill Running.","authors":"Eoin W Doyle, Tim L A Doyle, Jason Bonacci, Jodie Wills, Rhiannon Campbell, Joel T Fuller","doi":"10.1111/sms.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measuring lower extremity impact acceleration is a common strategy to identify runners with increased injury risk. However, existing axial peak tibial acceleration (PTA) thresholds for determining high-impact runners typically rely on small samples or fixed running speeds. This study aimed to describe the distribution of axial PTA among runners at their preferred running speed, determine an appropriate adjustment for investigating impact magnitude at different speeds, and compare biomechanics between runners classified by impact magnitude. A total of 171 runners ran on an instrumented treadmill at their preferred running speed during 3D motion capture. Axial PTA was collected at the distal tibia. The relationship between axial PTA and running speed was investigated using linear regression. Runners were categorized into impact sub-groups, with high- and low-impact runners identified if their axial PTA was ±1 standard deviation of the model predicted value. Differences in demographics, training, and running biomechanics between impact sub-groups were compared. Mean axial PTA was 7.8 g across all running speeds. Axial PTA increased with running speed, with a 1.7 g increase for every 1.0 m/s increase. There were no differences in axial PTA between males and females (p = 0.214) and lower limbs (p = 0.312). High-impact runners had higher vertical loading rates (p < 0.001) and greater ankle dorsiflexion at initial contact (p < 0.001) compared to low-impact runners. No differences in age, body mass, height, or weekly running distances were observed across impact sub-groups. This study proposes a method to identify the impact classification of runners based on their axial PTA for screening, monitoring, or gait retraining.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 1","pages":"e70002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Menstrual Phase and Symptoms on Sleep Before and After Matches for Professional Footballers.","authors":"Georgia A Brown, Hugh H K Fullagar, Rob Duffield","doi":"10.1111/sms.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/sms.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the association of menstrual cycle phase and symptoms with objective and subjective sleep measures from professional footballers before and after matches. Twenty-three non-hormonal contraceptive-using professional footballers (from four clubs) were monitored for up to four menstrual cycles during a domestic league season. Menstrual phases (menstruation, mid-late follicular, luteal) were determined using calendar counting and urinary hormone tests (luteinizing hormone and pregnandiol-3-glucuronide). Players rated the severity of 18 symptoms on the evenings of matches and the following two evenings. Individual daily summed menstrual symptom severity (MSS) scores were calculated. Subjective sleep quality was rated the morning of matches and the following two mornings. Objective sleep (bedtime, waketime, total sleep time [TST], sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency) obtained from actigraphy was measured the night prior to (MN-1), of (MN), and following (MN+1) matches. Linear mixed models were performed for each sleep measure to examine the effects of menstrual phase and symptoms. Bedtime was significantly later for MN (p < 0.001), waketime was significantly earlier for MN+1 (p < 0.001), and TST was significantly longer for MN-1 (p < 0.001). Menstrual phase did not have a significant effect on any sleep variable (p > 0.05). Increased MSS score was associated with increased TST (p = 0.03) and increased waketime (p = 0.03). Increased lower back pain severity and mood changes/anxiety severity were associated with increased waketime (p = 0.048) and TST (p = 0.009), respectively. Overall, bedtime and waketime were affected by the night related to matches, with increased TST the night before a match. Menstrual phase was not related to any objective or subjective sleep variables, whilst increasing menstrual symptom severity was related to later waketime and longer TST.</p>","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"35 1","pages":"e70011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11726419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Functional Characteristics in Football Players During Motor‐Cognitive Dual Task: Insights From fNIRS","authors":"Jiahui Yin, Shengjie Gao, Ming Zhang, Gongcheng Xu, Kun Xu, Xin He, Yan Wang, Zengyong Li, Bin Shao","doi":"10.1111/sms.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70003","url":null,"abstract":"Long‐term training enables professional athletes to develop concentrated and efficient neural network organizations for specific tasks. This study used functional near‐infrared spectroscopy to investigate task performance, brain functional characteristics, and their relationships in footballers during sport‐specific motor‐cognitive processes. Twenty‐four footballers (athlete group, with 18 remaining of good signal quality) and 20 non‐footballers (control group, with 16 remaining) completed four tasks: a single task (trigger buttons corresponding to the appearance direction of teammates with kicking actions), an N‐back direction task, a dual task, and an N‐back digit task. Brain activation, functional connectivity (FC), and lateralization were calculated, and their correlation with behavioral indicators was analyzed. Results showed that reaction times were shorter in footballers across all tasks. The activation value in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) decreased during dual task compared to the resting state in the athlete group. The activation values in all brain regions (except left primary sensory cortex in the single task), right DLPFC (dual task), and left premotor cortex &amp; left supplementary motor area (left PMC &amp; left SMA, digit task) were significantly lower in the athlete group than in the control group. Footballers exhibited higher interhemispheric FC during the direction and digit tasks, and greater leftward bias in the DLPFC during the dual task. The FC between left prefrontal cortex (PFC) ‐left PMC &amp; left SMA and within the left PFC region was significantly positively correlated with accuracy during the dual task. Footballers showed better task performance with less impact from load, lower central energy consumption and higher sensory‐motor network connectivity during task execution, indicating a more efficient state. Enhancing brain function and related networks may improve athletes' reactive abilities and performance.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"70 1","pages":"e70003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Self‐Reported Training Characteristics to Better Understand Who Is More Likely to Sustain Running‐Related Injuries Than Others: The Garmin‐RUNSAFE Running Health Study","authors":"Josefin Abrahamson, Ida Lindman, Mathilde Birksoe Eriksen, Albert Kibsgaard, Rasmus Oestergaard Nielsen","doi":"10.1111/sms.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70004","url":null,"abstract":"Running is a popular form of physical activity, yet it comes with risks, including running‐related injuries (RRIs). This cohort study aimed to use self‐reported baseline data on running experience, weekly running frequency, greatest running distance in 1 week, and running program to investigate if certain adult runners were more likely to sustain RRI than others. Runners, aged ≥ 18 years, familiar with the English language and using a Garmin watch to track their running were included. Running data and injury status were collected prospectively through the Garmin Connect application and weekly questionnaires over 18 months. Exposure variables were self‐reported running experience (years), weekly running frequency and distance, and use of structured running program (last 3 months before inclusion). The outcome was RRI. Time to event statistics was used to calculate cumulative risk differences (cRD) within groups of each exposure. Data were analyzed at 1000 km (km). A total of 7391 runners were included. The cumulative injury proportion was 57.8% [95% CI: 56.4%; 59.2%] after 1000 km. Those running &gt; 105 km (cRD = −31.6, 95% CI −23.1; −40.1), 7 times per week (cRD = −47.1, 95% CI −35.9; −58.3) and followed a structured running program (cRD = 4.4; 95% CI 0.9; 7.8) had the fewest new RRIs. For running experience, those with few (&lt; 1 years) or many years (&gt; 40 years) of experience had the most RRIs. Runners were more prone to sustain an RRI if they had few (&lt; 1) or many (&gt; 40) years of running experience, lower total weekly running frequency (&lt; 2 times/week), shorter weekly running distance (&lt; 25 km), or did not use a structured running program.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long‐Term High‐Intensity Interval Training Intervention Improves Emotional Conflict Control in Association With Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Activation in Males With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Meiheng He, Lili Wang, Ding Xu, Ying Liu, Xiangru Zhu, Dong Zhu, Suyong Yang","doi":"10.1111/sms.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70006","url":null,"abstract":"Acute high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has cognitive benefits in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD), yet it remains largely unknown the benefits of long‐term HIIT on emotional conflict control and its neural mechanism in individuals with MUD. The current study conducted a 36‐week low‐volume HIIT intervention to investigate the effects of HIIT on emotional conflict control in males with MUD and their prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation. This study was a sub‐study of the Study for Rehabilitation Training Model Construction and Training Effect of High Intensity Compound Exercise Prescription. Forty males with MUD (31.50 ± 4.33 years) were randomly assigned to the HIIT group and control group. The HIIT group received a 36‐week low‐volume HIIT intervention, while the control group maintained daily physical exercise. The emotional conflict task (emotional face‐word Stroop task) with functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) recording and subjective craving test were performed before and after the intervention. The results showed that the HIIT intervention reduced the emotional conflict and increased cortical activations of right dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) and right ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC). More importantly, the HIIT‐induced decreased emotional conflict was associated significantly with increased right vlPFC activation. In addition, subjective craving was also reduced after HIIT intervention. While the control group showed significant changes in neither brain activation nor the craving. These findings suggest that long‐term low‐volume HIIT can improve PFC activation, promote emotional conflict control, and reduce subjective craving in males with MUD. HIIT seems to be an effective method of withdrawal rehabilitation for males with MUD.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of Left Ventricular Cardiac Remodeling After 6 Weeks of Sprint Interval Training","authors":"Lisa M. J. Eriksson, Kristofer Hedman, Meriam Åström‐Aneq, Eva Nylander, Karin Bouma, Mirko Mandić, Thomas Gustafsson, Eric Rullman","doi":"10.1111/sms.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70007","url":null,"abstract":"Sprint interval training (SIT) leads to similar improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O<jats:sub>2max</jats:sub>) and maximal cardiac output as previously reported for traditional endurance training, but the exercise‐induced effects on cardiac remodeling are still largely unknown. The aim of the current study was therefore to explore the effects of SIT on cardiac structure and function assessed by echocardiography in relation to, and controlling for, changes in both blood volume (BV) and heart rate (HR). Healthy men and women (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 28) performed 6 weeks of SIT. V̇O<jats:sub>2max</jats:sub> and total BV were measured, and echocardiography was performed before and after the intervention. There was a robust increase in BV (+7.1%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and V̇O<jats:sub>2max</jats:sub> (+10.1%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and a decrease in resting HR (−3.9%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.013) following the SIT intervention. Machine‐learning‐based feature selection and univariate analysis indicated that several measures of left ventricular dimension (+14.3% LVEDV, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.013; +17.4% LVESV, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.018; +12.3% LVSV, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.031), left ventricular diastolic function (MV<jats:sub>A</jats:sub>, MV<jats:sub>D‐slope</jats:sub>, MV<jats:sub>DT</jats:sub>), and left ventricular stroke volume (LVOT VTI) were altered by 6 weeks of SIT. When controlling for the exercise‐induced changes in BV and HR, left ventricular dimensions remained significantly changed. Our data indicate that several measures of cardiac function are likely only indirectly affected by SIT, driven by increased BV. However, the disproportionate increase in left ventricular size exceeds what can be explained by changes in BV and HR alone, indicating volume‐independent structural cardiac remodeling.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated Carbon Monoxide Inhalation in Sports: A New Frontier or a Dangerous Gamble?","authors":"Billy Sperlich, Hans‐Christer Holmberg, Marcos Martin‐Rincon, Øyvind Skattebo, Jamie F. Burr, Jostein Hallen, Robert C. Boushel, Jose A. L. Calbet","doi":"10.1111/sms.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Active Commuting and Sickness Absence in Finnish Public Sector Cohort of 28 485 Employees","authors":"Essi Kalliolahti, Kia Gluschkoff, Timo Lanki, Jaana I. Halonen, Paula Salo, Tuula Oksanen, Jenni Ervasti","doi":"10.1111/sms.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70001","url":null,"abstract":"Active commuting can be beneficial for health. We examined whether active commuting by walking or cycling was associated with a lower risk of sickness absence in a Finnish public sector cohort of 28 485 employees. We used negative binomial regression to test associations of weekly active commuting in kilometers (no, low, moderate, and high dose) with all‐cause sickness absence. Sickness absence data from employers registers comprised the number of (1) sickness absence days, (2) short (1–9 days) and (3) long (≥ 10 days) sickness absence episodes during 12‐ and 24‐month follow‐ups. The models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, lifestyle risk factors, and previous sickness absence. To demonstrate absolute risk, we calculated sex‐ and age‐adjusted incidence for sickness absence per 100 person years for each active commuting exposure group. The associations of cycling and walking were additionally studied in separate analyses. Compared to passive commuters (no active commuting), high dose of active commuting (mean of 61 km/week) was associated with an 8%–12% lower relative risk of sickness absence days and an 18% lower relative risk of long episodes. The absolute rate of sickness absence per 100 person‐years was up to 452 days and 10 long episodes lower in the high‐dose active commuters group. In the further analyses separating cyclists and walkers, similar reduced risks were observed only among high‐dose cyclists. Our findings suggest that regular active commuting by bicycle has potential for reducing sickness absence by reducing the risk of long sickness absence episodes.","PeriodicalId":21466,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}