Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias最新文献

{"title":"Efecto del peso y la puntuación de la condición corporal de vacas gestantes en las características de la canal de su progenie: Meta análisis","authors":"Sander Martinho Adams, Jon Klein, Diego Soares Machado, Dari Celestino Alves Filho, Ivan Luiz Brondani, Luiz Angelo Damian Pizzuti","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6065","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of beef cows weight variation during the 2nd and / or 3rd trimester pregnancy on some parameters of the progeny carcass. The cow weight gain during this gestational period was calculated to standardize the treatments: moderate loss (ML= cows that lost 0 to 5 % of weight) and moderate gain (MG= cows that gained 0 to 5 % of weight). The effect size for all parameters was calculated as medium difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval and heterogeneity determined using the Q test and the I2 statistic. A random effects meta-analysis was performed for each indicator separately as the medium control and experimental groups. The cow’s weight variation during the studied time variation did not influence the progeny carcass characteristics (P>0.05). Although, a trend towards greater hot carcass weight (P=0.15) and thickness of subcutaneous fat (P=0.10) was observed in calves from MG cows in relation to calves from ML cows. However, the meta-analysis demonstrated that small variations in cow weight during the final half of pregnancy do not affect progeny carcass characteristics.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42379042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfil fitoquímico, actividad antimicrobiana y antioxidante de extractos de Gnaphalium oxyphyllum y Euphorbia maculata nativas de Sonora, México","authors":"P. Y. Heredia-Castro, C. García-Baldenegro, Alejandro Santos-Espinosa, Iván De Jesús Tolano-Villaverde, Carmen Guadalupe Manzanarez-Quin, Ramón Dolores Valdez-Domínguez, Cristina Ibarra-Zazueta, Reyna Fabiola Osuna-Chávez, E. O. Rueda-Puente, Carlos Gabriel Hernández-Moreno, S. M. Barrales-Heredia, Jesús Sosa-Castañeda","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6042","url":null,"abstract":"El uso de compuestos químicos sintéticos para conservar alimentos o tratar enfermedades de origen bacteriano está limitado debido a que pueden ocasionar daños en la salud. Por ello, las industrias alimentaria y pecuaria buscan estrategias naturales para conservar alimentos y mantener la salud de los animales destinados a consumo humano. En este sentido, algunos extractos de plantas provenientes de Sonora, México podrían ser una alternativa debido a la gran diversidad de plantas y que algunas de ellas se utilizan tradicionalmente para tratar enfermedades. Por otro lado, son pocos los estudios que sustentan la actividad biológica de los extractos etanólicos de Gnaphalium oxyphyllum (E1) y Euphorbia maculata (E2). En este estudio, el contenido de fitoquímicos se determinó por espectrofotometría, la actividad antimicrobiana se determinó por difusión en agar y la actividad antioxidante se evaluó por ABTS, DPPH y FRAP. Los resultados mostraron que los extractos E1 y E2 presentaron fenoles totales, flavonoides totales, flavonas y flavonoles, flavanonas y dihidroflavonoles totales, así como, taninos totales, ácido clorogénico total y polisacáridos totales. Además, ambos extractos mostraron mayor actividad antimicrobiana contra Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 y Salmonella entérica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028 cuando se utilizó 1 mg ml-1 (P<0.05). Además, presentaron actividad antioxidante por los métodos de ABTS, DPPH y FRAP. Por lo anterior, el potencial antimicrobiano y antioxidante de estas plantas representa una alternativa natural para controlar algunas bacterias Gram positivas y Gram negativas en la industria pecuaria, así como para la conservación de alimentos.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48553461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La hipocalcemia en la vaca lechera. Revisión","authors":"C. Arechiga-Flores, Zimri Cortés-Vidauri, Pedro Hernández-Briano, Renato Raúl Lozano-Domínguez, M. A. López-Carlos, U. Macías-Cruz, L. Avendaño-Reyes","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5277","url":null,"abstract":"Los niveles de calcio (Ca) disminuyen en sangre y citosol al momento del parto, alterando la transmisión del impulso nervioso, la contracción muscular y la actividad de las células inmunes. En el sistema nervioso el Ca participa en la conducción de estímulos. En el sistema muscular disminuye la contracción causando alteraciones en músculo liso, útero y glándula mamaria. En el útero hay retención y almacenamiento de fluidos y desechos uterinos, con complicaciones bacterianas. En el sistema inmune, es importante la función de los neutrófilos y se manifiesta con una disminución de células dedicadas a la fagocitosis predisponiendo a mastitis y metritis. En la hipocalcemia bovina se distinguen dos presentaciones: clínica y subclínica. En la clínica (valores de Ca inferiores a 5.5 mg/dl) se altera la homeostasis con pérdida de apetito, decúbito y letargo. La hipocalcemia subclínica es más común (Ca entre 8.0 y 5.5 mg/dl), y no se altera la homeostasis, pero si se reduce la contracción muscular y la función inmune. El tratamiento se basa en la aplicación de calcio vía oral en vacas de pie, y vía endovenosa en las vacas postradas. La prevención depende de la inclusión de raciones que contengan sales aniónicas con lo cual se favorece el estímulo de mantener los niveles de Ca sanguíneos para controlar el nivel de cationes y aniones. Además, se puede administrar Ca vía oral. La homeostasis de calcio en la lactancia es regulada por la hormona serotonina, que estimula a la hormona paratiroidea y la reabsorción ósea en los osteoclastos.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43239820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación de rasgos morfológicos y de rendimiento en las poblaciones de Vicia spp.","authors":"Hamideh Javadi, Parvin Salehi Shanjani, Leila Falah Hoseini, Masoumeh Ramazani Yeganeh","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6125","url":null,"abstract":"The study was focused on estimation of genotypic variation for the morphological and forage yield traits of some vetch genotypes to assess their breeding potential. A small-plot trial was carried out in 2018-2020 at the experimental field of the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Alborz province, Iran. Fifty eight (58) vetch genotypes of Vicia spp. from the natural resources gene bank of Iran, were tested. There was significant (P<0.01) genotypic variation among populations, for all the traits measured. V.monantha (32845) produced high plant and large pods, while V. villosa (322) produced more biomass than other accessions. In the shorter growing seasons, the earliness of V. sativa var.angustifollia (4740,7243), V. sativa var.stenophylla (1862), V. villosa (315, 322) resulted in high seed yield. The principal component analysis showed that the variations observed were mainly caused by traits such as days to flowering and seed ripening and seed traits, that their contribution was important in discriminating the populations. Direct selection can also be made for the populations with high biomass yield based on the recorded performance of these populations during the field experiments. A cluster analysis of the tested vetch populations based on measured traits, at 11.49 genetic distance, created five main groups that showed the similarity of members of each group. Generally, vetch species and their populations had different growth features, phenology, forage and seed productivity. The generated information in this study gives a base for genetics variety of genus Vicia L. and could be useful for including in the future breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48497645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmisión vertical y espacial de precios en el mercado mexicano e internacional de ganado vacuno","authors":"J. L. Jaramillo Villanueva","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5839","url":null,"abstract":"From 2000 to 2019, the Mexican beef subsector has undergone significant structural changes; the most important was the concentration of both production and marketing stages. In 2019, the Mexican Federal Commission of Competence revealed that, Mexican households’ income diminished between 16 and 31 % due to a lack of market efficiency. In the case of meat, the reduction may be up to 98 %. In this context, the objective of this study was to examine the degree of spatial price transmission between national and international live cattle prices and the vertical transmission between live cattle prices and carcass meat prices to evaluate market efficiency. The econometric approach consists of the estimation of a vector error correction model, using monthly beef real prices, for the period 1990-2019. Findings from this research provide information for decision-makers and stakeholders in this industry: these comprehend unidirectional transmission of international beef prices to domestic beef prices and from farm price to processor price. Also point to the existence of asymmetric price transmission, which is related to whether cattle and beef prices are increasing or decreasing. Results indicate that a long-run single cointegration relationship exists between international and farmer prices, and between processor and farm price. The direction of price transmission tends to go from producers to processors and from international price to farmer price. When the international price increases, the speed of adjustment tends to be significantly slower, in contrast to when the international price decreases, resulting in a significantly faster rate of adjustment.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45931208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explorando la microbiota bacteriana fecal bovina en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Mapimí, norte de México","authors":"Irene Pacheco-Torres, Cristina García-De la Peña, C. A. Meza-Herrera, Felipe Vaca-Paniagua, C. Díaz-Velásquez, Claudia Fabiola Méndez-Catalá, L. A. Tarango-Arámbula, Luis Manuel Valenzuela-Núñez, J. Vásquez-Arroyo","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6138","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, information on the bovine fecal microbiota (Bos taurus) is scarce. The present study describes the diversity and abundance of bacteria in fecal samples from rangeland bovines, collected in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve in the central part of the Chihuahuan desert. Fecal samples were analysed using high-throughput next generation massive sequencing using V3-V4 16S rRNA on Illumina Miseq. A total of 17 phyla, 24 classes, 33 orders, 50 families, 281 genera, and 297 species were identified. Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were the most abundant phyla. The most abundant genera were Sporobacter, PAC000748_g (genera into the Ruminococcaceae family) and Eubacterium_g23. Three genera (Clostridium, Corynebacterium and Fusobacterium) and one species (Campylobacter fetus) potentially pathogenic bovine bacteria were registered. This information represents a bacteriological baseline for monitoring the grazing bovine intestinal health status, and to trace possible interactions with the fecal microbiota of native roaming wildlife in the area.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42906274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tipología de consumidores de miel con educación universitaria en México","authors":"Fidel Ávila Ramos, Lizeth Paula Boyso Mancera, Mercedes Borja Bravo, Venancio Cuevas Reyes, B. I. Sánchez Toledano","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6005","url":null,"abstract":"México es un país productor de miel, paradójicamente, su consumo per cápita es bajo comparado con los países europeos. El objetivo fue realizar una tipología a consumidores de miel en México con nivel educativo mínimo de licenciatura en edades de 20 a 60 años y determinar sus características socioeconómicas y aspectos que motivan el consumo. Se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 1,003 consumidores de miel que cumplieran con las condiciones de edad y nivel escolar. La información se analizó mediante análisis de conglomerados y discriminante. Se identificaron tres tipos de consumidores: 1) consumidores educados con ingresos promedio (34.4 %), fueron los que consumen miel frecuentemente, tienen un amplio conocimiento sobre los subproductos de la apicultura y propiedades de la miel, prefieren comprar el producto con los apicultores; 2) consumidores altamente educados con ingresos altos (25.8 %), en su mayoría tienen posgrado y reciben ingresos mayores a $5,000 semanales, fueron personas en edad madura y con consumo moderado de miel, una tercera parte de este grupo solo conocen la miel, tienen conocimiento de sus propiedades y cualidades, les es indiferente el lugar de compra; y 3) consumidores educados con ingreso bajo (39.8 %), agrupó a consumidores jóvenes que solo tienen nivel de licenciatura, su consumo es moderado, prefieren comprar el producto en mercados.  Los grupos de consumidores conformados brindan información sobre un segmento del mercado de la miel en México, es necesario continuar realizando investigaciones sobre temas referentes a consumo y preferencia de los consumidores de miel en México.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43332192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Producción de antígenos y estandarización de un ELISA casero indirecto para la detección de anticuerpos contra Anaplasma marginale","authors":"Elizabeth Salinas Estrella, María Guadalupe Ortega Hernández, Erika Flores Pérez, Natividad Montenegro Cristino, Jesús Francisco Preciado de la Torre, Mayra Elizeth Cobaxin Cárdenas, Sergio D. Rodríguez Camarillo","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.5976","url":null,"abstract":"Serologic tests are important for the detection of specific antibodies against infectious agents. Commercial indirect ELISA are costly and usually as effective as in-house ELISAs. In the present work, it was prepared a batch of Anaplasma marginale crude antigen from infected blood, and tested it against official positive and negative serum controls and compared with an old batch of antigen. The new antigen batch showed an efficiency similar to the old batch. The sensitivity of the test was comparable between the new and old batches. Both, new and old antigen lots are being used at an excess. The new antigen lot is large enough to run thousands of tests at a more affordable price than commercial kits.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45061900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factores de riesgo asociados a la seroprevalencia de lentivirus en rebaños ovinos y caprinos del noreste de México","authors":"Rogelio Ledezma Torres, J. C. Segura Correa, Jesús Francisco Chávez Sánchez, Alejandro José Rodríguez García, Sibilina Cedillo Rosales, Gustavo Moreno Degollado, Ramiro Avalos Ramirez","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6006","url":null,"abstract":"Se realizó un estudio transversal con el propósito de determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la frecuencia serológica de Lentivirus de los pequeños rumiantes (LvPR) en ovinos y caprinos del noreste de México. De 128 rebaños, 71 de caprinos, 32 de ovinos y 25 mixtos (caprinos + ovinos), se recolectaron 768 sueros individuales de animales ≥1 año de edad. De cada rebaño 4 a 5 muestras de suero fueron mezcladas y analizadas por ELISA para identificar anticuerpos contra la glucoproteína 135 del LvPR. Las muestras se obtuvieron de animales seleccionados al azar en los años 2019 y 2020. Se aplicó un cuestionario a los productores y los datos se analizaron para determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la seropositividad del rebaño mediante regresión logística. La proporción de rebaños seropositivos en general fue estimada en 50.6 %. Acorde al tipo de rebaño la seropositividad en rebaños caprinos fue de 62.0 %, en ovinos de 25.4 % y de 50.2 % en rebaños mixtos. Los factores de riesgo asociados a la presencia de anticuerpos contra el LvPR fueron presencia de animales con artritis, asistencia veterinaria, reutilizar agujas, alteraciones nerviosas, bajo índice de preñez, tipo de rebaño y mastitis. La frecuencia serológica indica una alta endemicidad del LvPR en rebaños de pequeños rumiantes del noreste de México.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47291215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rendimiento productivo y clasificación de canales de corderos Pelibuey puros y cruzados criados bajo un sistema de producción intensivo en un clima cálido-húmedo","authors":"Miriam Rosas-Rodríguez, R. Serna-Lagunes, Josafhat Salinas-Ruíz, Julio Miguel Ayala-Rodríguez, Benjamín Alfredo Piña Cárdenas, J. Salazar-Ortiz","doi":"10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v13i4.6023","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of breed on growth, characteristics, and carcass classification was investigated using 11 Charollais x Pelibuey (ChP) lambs, 10 Dorper x Pelibuey (DP) lambs, and 18 Pelibuey (P) lambs in an intensive production system in a warm-humid climate. A significant effect of genotype ( <0.05) was observed on birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and daily weight gain (DWG), all of which were higher in the ChP genotype. ChP and DP lambs reached commercial weight 35 and 23 d earlier, respectively than P lambs. Genotype has a marked influence on the carcass characteristics, affect conformation and classification of carcass. The probability of obtaining a carcass with good conformation and MEX 1 classification (good: MEX 1) is 72 % higher for the ChP genotype than for the P genotype. The loin and leg yields of the ChP genotype were higher than those of the other genotypes. The pH, temperature, and instrumental color of the carcass, meat, and subcutaneous fat were affected by genotype. ChP lambs showed better growth, characteristics, and carcass classification than lambs of the DP and P genotypes.","PeriodicalId":21443,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41853161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}