SAE transactions最新文献_第3页

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3558

R. A. Jones, G. Mckinley, D. C. Creighton, J. Tingle

{"title":"Vehicle Gap Analysis Program","authors":"R. A. Jones, G. Mckinley, D. C. Creighton, J. Tingle","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-3558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3558","url":null,"abstract":"The Future Combat System Operational Requirements Document requires that manned and unmanned ground vehicles be capable of negotiating gaps 1.5- to 4.0-meters wide. Gaps include both natural and manmade obstacles. Overcoming battlespace gaps requires the ability to effectively conduct four tasks: prediction, definition, avoidance, and defeat. The inability to overcome gaps within the theater of operations will significantly impair the Future Force's responsiveness, agility, and sustainability. Researchers at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), working in the field of vehicle mobility have developed methods to predict the physical interactions of vehicles with terrain mechanics. This physics-based simulation method uses research conducted at the ERDC to combine historical empirical laboratory and field evaluations with lumped parameter and numerical analysis to develop a simulated environment of the terrain. The terrain mechanics modeling is combined with a 2-dimensional vehicle dynamics model that predicts the traction required to maneuver through deformable terrains or gaps. The vehicle dynamics model is also designed to detect contact between the vehicle chassis and the terrain for vehicle and gap geometry analysis. The contact element is designed to provide both normal resistances during contact and act as a drag component representing the drag resistance between the vehicle chassis and the terrain. The combined terrain mechanics and vehicle dynamics models are called the Vehicle Gap Analysis Program (VGAP). This paper presents the application of the terrain mechanics research conducted in development of the VGAP and a verification of the VGAP.","PeriodicalId":21404,"journal":{"name":"SAE transactions","volume":"71 1","pages":"205-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72916053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the Potential Benefits of an Energy-Regenerative Active Suspension for Vehicles 汽车主动馈能悬架的潜在效益研究

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3564

Xue-chun Zheng, F. Yu

引用次数: 21

NOx and PM reduction using combined SCR and DPF technology in heavy duty diesel applications 在重型柴油应用中使用SCR和DPF技术减少氮氧化物和PM

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3548

Ray Conway, S. Chatterjee, A. Beavan, C. Goersmann, A. P. Walker

{"title":"NOx and PM reduction using combined SCR and DPF technology in heavy duty diesel applications","authors":"Ray Conway, S. Chatterjee, A. Beavan, C. Goersmann, A. P. Walker","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-3548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3548","url":null,"abstract":"The application of oxidation catalyst and particulate filter technology for the reduction of particulate matter (PM), hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from heavy duty diesel engines has become an established practice. The design and performance of such systems have been commercially proven to the point that the application of these technologies is cost effective and durable. The application of an effective NOx reduction technology in heavy duty diesel applications is more complicated since there are no passive NOx reduction technologies that can be fit onto HDD vehicles. However, Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems using Urea injection to achieve NOx reduction have become the technology of choice in Europe and have been applied to achieve Euro IV emissions levels on new HDD vehicles. In addition, retrofit SCR emission control systems have also been developed that can provide high NOx reduction when applied on existing HDD vehicles. This paper will discuss the development of a commercially available four-way (NOx, PM, CO and HC) emission reduction product for HDD vehicles. The system combines the Johnson Matthey CRT® diesel particulate filter system with a urea SCR system and is known commercially as SCRT® system. This paper will discuss the development and application of such a system for OE and retrofit applications. SCRT product development included optimization of the SCR catalyst performance, integration of the urea injection system hardware, development of a control algorithm and detailed alarm systems. Transient and steady state test cell data demonstrating 70 - 90% NOx reduction with this system are presented. In addition, chassis dyno emissions results and field operational data on SCRT equipped vehicles is also reported.","PeriodicalId":21404,"journal":{"name":"SAE transactions","volume":"8 1","pages":"175-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87832106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

High Performance Planetary Gears for Heavy Duty Automotive Transmissions 用于重型汽车变速箱的高性能行星齿轮

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3644

U. Engström, L. Fordén, S. Bengtsson, Magnus Bergström

引用次数: 0

Recent Advances in Utilizing the Plasma Fuel Reformer for NOx Trap Regeneration 利用等离子体燃料重整器再生NOx捕集器的研究进展

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3547

S. Crane, B. Iverson, Stephen P. Goldschmidt, M. Greathouse, N. Khadiya

{"title":"Recent Advances in Utilizing the Plasma Fuel Reformer for NOx Trap Regeneration","authors":"S. Crane, B. Iverson, Stephen P. Goldschmidt, M. Greathouse, N. Khadiya","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-3547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3547","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes recent progress in our program to develop an emissions technology allowing diesel engines to meet the upcoming stringent worldwide regulations for NO x . The Plasma Fuel Reformer (PFR) has the ability to rapidly convert diesel fuel (with air), to a hydrogen rich gas on-board a vehicle, which is then utilized to efficiently regenerate a NO x trap. We have made several advances on the PFR as well as on the NO x reducing system. The Plasma Fuel Reformer operating range has been extended by 120% up to 1.5 g/s fuel flow rate while retaining the high hydrogen and low soot characteristics. The plasma power consumption has been further reduced and the high voltage design has been made more robust. The Too start-up time during regenerations has been reduced to less than 4 seconds. The NO x reducing system utilizes a novel algorithm for NO x trap regeneration that reduces the fuel penalty by 25% while increasing NO x conversion by 10%. The new method can also be utilized to reduce the NO x trap volume significantly in a dual leg arrangement. Based on a detailed understanding of the NO x trap regeneration process, a new method to reduce the magnitude of NO x spikes has also been developed. Finally, optimization was performed at some steady state points utilizing maps on trap capacity and reductant breakthrough.","PeriodicalId":21404,"journal":{"name":"SAE transactions","volume":"36 2 1","pages":"166-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79484764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of Tractor and Trailer Torsional Compliance and Fill Level of Tanker Trailers on Rollover Propensity During Steady Cornering 牵引车和挂车扭转柔度及油罐车填充水平对稳定转弯时侧翻倾向的影响

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3518

E. Johnson, E. Law, Robert C. Lawson, I. Janajreh

引用次数: 3

Heavy Vehicle Suspension Frame Durability Analysis Using Virtual Proving Ground 基于虚拟试验场的重型车辆悬架耐久性分析

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3609

R. Edara, Shan Shih, Nasser Tamini, T. Palmer, Arthur Tang

引用次数: 10

Time Series Modeling of Terrain Profiles 地形剖面的时间序列建模

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3561

T. Sun, K. Alyass, Jinfeng Wei, D. Gorsich, M. Chaika, J. Ferris

{"title":"Time Series Modeling of Terrain Profiles","authors":"T. Sun, K. Alyass, Jinfeng Wei, D. Gorsich, M. Chaika, J. Ferris","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-3561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3561","url":null,"abstract":"Every time we measure the terrain profiles we would get a different set of data due to the measuring errors and due to the fact that the linear tracks on which the measuring vehicle travels can not be exactly the same every time. However the data collected at different times from the same terrain should share the similar intrinsic properties. Hence it is natural to consider statistical modeling of the terrain profiles. In this paper we shall use the time series models with time being the distance from the starting point. We receive data from the Belgian Block and the Perryman3 testing tracks. The Belgian Block data are shown to behave like a uniformly modulated process ([7]), i.e. it is the product of a deterministic function and a stationary process. The modeling of the profiles can be done by estimating the deterministic function and fit the stationary process with a well-known ARMA model. The Perryman3 data are more irregular. We have to use the intrinsic mode function decomposition method ([2]). The first few intrinsic mode functions could be modeled in the same way as the the Belgian Block data. The residue part is a very smooth function which we may consider as a deterministic function.","PeriodicalId":21404,"journal":{"name":"SAE transactions","volume":"10 1","pages":"221-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80811552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Comparison of Single and Dual Spray Fuel Injectors During Cold Start of a PFI Spark Ignition Engine Using Visualization of Liquid Fuel Films and Pool Fires 基于液体燃料膜和池火可视化的PFI火花点火发动机冷启动时单喷油器和双喷油器的比较

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-10-24 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3863

P. Witze, R. M. Green

{"title":"Comparison of Single and Dual Spray Fuel Injectors During Cold Start of a PFI Spark Ignition Engine Using Visualization of Liquid Fuel Films and Pool Fires","authors":"P. Witze, R. M. Green","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-3863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3863","url":null,"abstract":"Video imaging has been used to investigate the evolution of liquid fuel films on combustion chamber walls during a simulated cold start of a port fuel-injected engine. The experiments were performed in a single-cylinder research engine with a production, four-valve head and a window in the piston crown. Flood-illuminated laser-induced fluorescence was used to observe the fuel films directly, and color video recording of visible emission from pool fires due to burning fuel films was used as an indirect measure of film location. The imaging techniques were applied to a comparative study of single and dual spray fuel injectors for both open and closed valve injection, for coolant temperatures of 20, 40 and 60°C. In general, for all cases it is shown that fuel films form in the vicinity of the intake valve seats. For closed valve injection, films also form below the intake valves and below the squish region between the intake valves and the cylinder wall, while for open valve injection additional fuel films form below the exhaust valves. It is proposed that fuel films on the head near the exhaust valves are a possible source of unburned hydrocarbon emissions, that pool fires are the main source of soot emissions from properly-maintained gasoline vehicles, and that soot-laden fuel films on the cylinder wall are the main source of soot contamination.","PeriodicalId":21404,"journal":{"name":"SAE transactions","volume":"3 1","pages":"1732-1755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80052911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Study of Improvements in NOx Reduction Performance on Simultaneous Reduction System of PM and NOx 改善PM与NOx同步还原系统的NOx还原性能研究

SAE transactions Pub Date : 2005-10-24 DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-3884

S. Itabashi, Kuniaki Niimi, S. Kamoshita, Akira Shoji, T. Oda, Shinya Hirota, Tetsuo Watanabe

{"title":"Study of Improvements in NOx Reduction Performance on Simultaneous Reduction System of PM and NOx","authors":"S. Itabashi, Kuniaki Niimi, S. Kamoshita, Akira Shoji, T. Oda, Shinya Hirota, Tetsuo Watanabe","doi":"10.4271/2005-01-3884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3884","url":null,"abstract":"Performance improvements were studied for the diesel particulate and NOx reduction system (DPNR), a system that simultaneously reduces NOx and Particulate Matter (PM) from diesel engine exhaust gas. The experimental system (hereinafter called the \"dual DPNR\") consists of two DPNR catalysts arranged in parallel, each provided with an exhaust throttle valve downstream to control the exhaust gas flow to the catalyst, plus a fuel injector that precisely controls the air-fuel ratio and the catalyst bed temperature. The fuel injector is used to supply a rich mixture to the DPNR catalyst, and the flow of exhaust gas is switched between the two catalysts by operating the exhaust throttle valves alternately. Tests were conducted with the engine running at steady state. The results indicated that the NOx reduction performance dramatically improved and the loss of fuel economy from the NOx reduction reduced. This was achieved by using the exhaust throttle valve to lower the Specific Velocity (SV) ratio on the catalyst therefore maintaining a rich atmosphere for the optimum length of time. The dual DPNR system is also expected to improve NOx reduction performance during forced PM oxidation, which is difficult for a conventional system, and also to improve recovery performance from catalyst poisoning due to sulfur. The main issues for commercialization are dealing with transient operation. In this paper, the durability of the catalyst is also reported as the major issue of DPNR in the APPENDIX. Specifically, a long-term endurance evaluation equivalent to 250,000km running was carried out using a mass-production engine. This was to clarify the effects of the sulfur concentration in the fuel by reducing the amount of NOx stored in the catalyst, as well as the effects of low-ash oil that clogged the catalyst. Research has yielded basic data on the use of DPNR catalysts in commercial vehicles which require better catalyst performance and durability.","PeriodicalId":21404,"journal":{"name":"SAE transactions","volume":"50 1","pages":"1795-1803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86496182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5