Revista medica de Chile最新文献_第8页

[Prescription of antibiotics in acute respiratory infections non-pneumonia in a private outpatient practice]. [私人门诊急性呼吸道感染非肺炎的抗生素处方]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000801000

Gonzalo Alvear, Luis Santibáñez, Ricardo Sepúlveda, Víctor Ramírez, Benjamín Martínez

{"title":"[Prescription of antibiotics in acute respiratory infections non-pneumonia in a private outpatient practice].","authors":"Gonzalo Alvear, Luis Santibáñez, Ricardo Sepúlveda, Víctor Ramírez, Benjamín Martínez","doi":"10.4067/S0034-98872022000801000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872022000801000","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The over prescription of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections is a major public health problem worldwide.Aim: To evaluate the frequency of prescription of antibiotics for non-pneumonia acute respiratory infections in private outpatient clinics in individuals without chronic diseases or immunosuppression.Material and methods: All medical records of adult consultants in a national network of private ambulatory medical centers during May 2018 whose primary diagnosis corresponded to acute respiratory infections not pneumonia (ICD10) were identified and retrospectively analyzed, excluding those with chronic respiratory conditions or states of immunosuppression.Results: Of the 38,072 consultants (aged 36 years, 63% women) who met this criterion, 54% (n = 20,499) received a prescription for at least one antibiotic. The diagnoses that most frequently received this prescription were acute bronchitis (28.7%), acute sinusitis (16.5%) and acute tonsillitis (16.2%). The most frequently prescribed antibiotic globally was azithromycin (37.4%), followed by amoxicillin (20.1%) and amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (17.7%). Levofloxacin prescription reached 12.5% of total prescriptions.Conclusions: An antibiotic was prescribed in more than half of the non-pneumonia outpatient acute respiratory infections. Azithromycin was the most prescribed antibiotic, while levofloxacin exceeded 10% of prescriptions. These results reinforce the need to implement an antibiotic prescription surveillance system at the outpatient level.","PeriodicalId":21360,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica de Chile","volume":"150 8","pages":"1000-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10062883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Beyond death in Chile]. [在智利超越死亡]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000801122

Alvaro Tala

引用次数: 0

[Connecting undergraduate teaching to scientific research in biomedical study programmes: The importance of scholars]. [将生物医学研究项目的本科教学与科学研究联系起来:学者的重要性]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000801119

Manuel E Cortés, Andrea A Alfaro-Silva, Pamela Zelada

引用次数: 0

[Factors associated with the lack of adherence to treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus]. [2型糖尿病患者缺乏治疗依从性的相关因素]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000800985

Alfredo Briones, Lino Iván Wong, Daniela Marisol Flores, Marian Guzmán, Manuela Castellanos, Cidronio Albavera

{"title":"[Factors associated with the lack of adherence to treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].","authors":"Alfredo Briones, Lino Iván Wong, Daniela Marisol Flores, Marian Guzmán, Manuela Castellanos, Cidronio Albavera","doi":"10.4067/S0034-98872022000800985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872022000800985","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adherence to pharmacological treatment (APT) is crucial for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to achieve metabolic control and decrease complications.Aim: To establish the proportion of APT in patients with T2DM, the influence of the same on blood glucose, and the factors involved in a lack of ATP.Material and methods: Diabetic patients were interrogated about sociodemographic factors, the evolution of the disease, their fasting blood glucose levels, and the use of other treatments. APT was evaluated with the Morisky-Green questionnaire, patient beliefs about treatments with the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), and patient knowledge about T2DM with the standard questionnaire.Results: A representative sample of 400 individuals of both sexes was studied, finding a lack of APT in 74.5% of patients. The latter patients showed a significantly greater level of blood glucose while being more preoccupied and less informed about the disease. A lack of APT was associated with the refusal to undergo the blood glucose test among men (Odds ratio (OR)=3.70; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.58-8.66) and with the consumption of medicinal plants among women (OR=2.53; IC 95%, 1.23-5.23).Conclusions: A lack of APT in patients with T2DM is a serious problem and associated with a lack of knowledge about the disease. It is urgent to strengthen the educational programs in relation to T2DM to promote adherence to treatment.","PeriodicalId":21360,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica de Chile","volume":"150 8","pages":"985-993"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9686576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Anemia in inflammatory bowel disease]. [炎症性肠病引起的贫血]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000801063

Rodrigo Quera, Paulina Núñez, Lilian Flores

引用次数: 0

[Vena cava thrombectomy in kidney cancer. Report of 32 nephrectomies]. 肾癌腔静脉取栓术。肾切除术32例报告[j]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000800994

Pablo A Rojas, Juan Cristóbal Bravo, Renato Navarro, Sofía Villagran, Álvaro Zúñiga, Pablo Troncoso, Pedro Becker, Eduardo Briceño, Ignacio F San Francisco

{"title":"[Vena cava thrombectomy in kidney cancer. Report of 32 nephrectomies].","authors":"Pablo A Rojas, Juan Cristóbal Bravo, Renato Navarro, Sofía Villagran, Álvaro Zúñiga, Pablo Troncoso, Pedro Becker, Eduardo Briceño, Ignacio F San Francisco","doi":"10.4067/S0034-98872022000800994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872022000800994","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vena cava (VC) involvement in kidney tumors occurs in 4 to 10% of cases, and is associated with a higher mortality. Nephrectomy with thrombectomy of the VC, performed by a multidisciplinary team, improves survival.Aim: To report a series of consecutive nephrectomies with caval thrombectomy performed in an academic center.Patients and methods: We report 32 patients with cT3b and 3c renal tumors, who underwent radical nephrectomy with VC thrombectomy between 2001 and 2021. A descriptive analysis of clinical, surgical and pathological variables was performed. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves.Results: The mean tumor size was 9.7 cm. According to Mayo classification 3/32 (9%) patients had a type I thrombus, 10/32 (31%) had a type II thrombus, 8/32 (25%) had a type III thrombus, and 5/32 (16%) had a type IV thrombus. The mean bleeding was 2000 cc. There was one intraoperative death. Nineteen percent of patients had complications >= 3 according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Reoperations occurred in 9%. Pre and postoperative creatinine levels were 1.17 and 1.91 mg/dl respectively (p < 0.01). Pre and postoperative Hematocrit levels were 47.9 and 31% respectively (p = 0.02). Sixty six percent of tumors were clear cell renal cancer, 9% were papillary and 3% were chromophobic. Mean OS was 10 months. Two-year SCE was 40%.Conclusions: Our results are similar to those reported elsewhere. Despite being an unusual pathology, the surgical technique has been improving, thanks to the multidisciplinary work of urologists and surgeons.","PeriodicalId":21360,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica de Chile","volume":"150 8","pages":"994-999"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9688543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Description of the operation of a home hospitalization unit in a public hospital at Santiago, Chile]. [智利圣地亚哥一家公立医院家庭住院单位的运作情况描述]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000400532

María Francisca Rojas-Goldsack, Teresita Lyng, Ximena Aguilera, Javiera Herrera, Juan Pablo Leiva, Viviana Mena

引用次数: 0

[STOP-BANG questionnaire as predictor of a difficult airway management during anesthesia]. [STOP-BANG问卷作为麻醉期间气道管理困难的预测因素]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000400450

Dagoberto Ojeda, Valeria Monsalve, Patricia Cisternas, Álvaro Jorquera, Katalina Mora

{"title":"[STOP-BANG questionnaire as predictor of a difficult airway management during anesthesia].","authors":"Dagoberto Ojeda, Valeria Monsalve, Patricia Cisternas, Álvaro Jorquera, Katalina Mora","doi":"10.4067/S0034-98872022000400450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872022000400450","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent. The STOP-BANG questionnaire is a simple and useful tool to screen for OSA.Aim: Since OSA is strongly associated with airway management troubles, we sought to determine whether the STOP-BANG can predict difficult airway management.Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted including adult patients scheduled for major outpatient surgery under general anesthesia. The STOP-BANG questionnaire was preoperatively applied by a ward nurse. The Han scale mask ventilation difficulty scale, Cormack-Lehane laryngeal view scale were also applied and the need for video laryngoscopy was recorded. The number of attempts for successful insertion of a laryngeal mask airway were determined.Results: We studied 993 patients, of whom 53% required tracheal intubation and 47% a laryngeal mask. Most patients had a low OSA risk, (STOP-BANG < 3). STOP-BANG score was associated with difficult airway management (p < 0.05), except for the laryngeal mask airway insertion. The effect size was especially high for difficult mask ventilation with an Odds Ratio of 1.7 [ 95% confidence intervals (CI)1.2 - 2.4] and for video laryngoscopy, with an Odds Ratio of 1.6 [95% CI: 1.6 - 2.1]. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was above 0.7, (acceptable level), only for predicting difficult mask ventilation. The cut-off for having a difficult mask ventilation was a STOP-BANG > 2. The positive and negative likelihood ratios, (2.0 and 0.2) imply poor predictive capability.Conclusions: The STOP-BANG questionnaire was only able to predict difficult mask ventilation. Since its discriminative value was low, it cannot be recommended it as a single predictor.","PeriodicalId":21360,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica de Chile","volume":"150 4","pages":"450-457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33481499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modificación de estilos de vida de adolescentes chilenos durante el primer confinamiento por COVID-19. 智利青少年在第一次COVID-19禁闭期间生活方式的改变。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000400483

Valeria Calabriano, Fernanda Carrasco-Marín, Natalia Ulloa, Alberto Dávalos, María Belén Ruiz-Roso, Carlos Celis-Morales, Miquel Martorell

{"title":"Modificación de estilos de vida de adolescentes chilenos durante el primer confinamiento por COVID-19.","authors":"Valeria Calabriano, Fernanda Carrasco-Marín, Natalia Ulloa, Alberto Dávalos, María Belén Ruiz-Roso, Carlos Celis-Morales, Miquel Martorell","doi":"10.4067/S0034-98872022000400483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872022000400483","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Confinement is an effective measure to control COVID-19, but it can have repercussions on lifestyle-related behaviors, especially among adolescents. Poor quality diet and low physical activity could trigger weight gain and the appearance of chronic non-communicable diseases at an early age.Aim: To investigate the changes in eating and physical activity patterns before and during the first COVID-19 confinement in Chilean adolescents.Material and methods: Chilean adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years were invited to answer an online survey with 47 questions about dietary habits and physical activity.Results: The survey was answered by 420 participants and only four adolescents declined to answer it. Changes in eating patterns were evidenced, such as an increase in lunch consumption from 54.1 to 83%, and a decrease in the consumption of both healthy and unhealthy foods. Also, significant changes were observed in physical activity patterns, and an increase in the time spent sitting, from 4.7 to 5.8 hours during confinement.Conclusions: The first confinement for COVID-19 modified eating and physical activity patterns in Chilean adolescents towards unhealthy habits, which if maintained, could negatively affect their health and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":21360,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica de Chile","volume":"150 4","pages":"483-492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33481503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[High Level Commission on Mental Health and COVID-19: An evaluation agenda]. [精神卫生与COVID-19高级别委员会:评估议程]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Revista medica de Chile Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000400566

Miguel Gallegos, Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez

引用次数: 0