Movement Disorders最新文献

{"title":"PINK1 ‐Associated Juvenile‐Onset Parkinsonism: Marked Phenotypic Variability and Limited Genotype–Phenotype Correlation","authors":"Reza Maroofian, Ross Leng, Shilpan G. Patel, Hina Ojha, Heba Hosny, Maha Zaki, Miratul M.K. Muqit, Henry Houlden","doi":"10.1002/mds.70502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkinson's Disease and Retinal Age Gap: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis","authors":"Akshay Narayan, Oscar Earle, Yukun Zhou, Axel Petzold, Rimona S. Weil, Alastair K. Denniston, Anthony P. Khawaja, Pearse A. Keane, Zhuoting Zhu, Siegfried K. Wagner","doi":"10.1002/mds.70490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70490","url":null,"abstract":"Background Deep‐learning models are capable of predicting age from retinal scans and the difference between this and chronological age, retinal age gap, has been shown to be significantly associated with risk of mortality, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney failure. Objective Our aim was to investigate the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and retinal age gap in a large, real‐world population. Methods The deep‐learning model was trained and validated using 19,200 fundus images from 11,052 participants in the UK Biobank study. This cross‐sectional analysis used data from the AlzEye study, a retrospective cohort of 154,830 patients aged 40 years and older. Retinal age gap was calculated as the difference between the retina‐predicted age by the model and chronological age. Adjusted linear mixed‐effects models were used to assess the association between PD and retinal age gap. Results A total of 776 individuals with PD (mean [standard deviation] age, 69.6 [8.9] years; 42.9% female) and 93,944 without PD (mean age, 57.6 [13.7] years; 51.6% female) were included. After adjusting for confounders, retinal age gap was significantly greater in those with PD ( <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> , 5.92, 95% confidence interval: 5.33–6.51; <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Stratified analyses showed a larger retinal age gap across all age deciles ≥50 years. Within the PD group, males and individuals with diabetes had greater retinal age gaps than females and individuals without diabetes. Conclusions Individuals with PD aged ≥50 years demonstrate older retinal age relative to chronological age. Retinal age gap may serve as a biomarker of accelerated aging in PD. © 2026 The Author(s). <jats:italic>Movement Disorders</jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"184 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinesin Light Chain 1–Related Spastic‐Dystonic Tetraparesis into Adulthood","authors":"Juan Dario Ortigoza‐Escobar, Itxaso Marti, Lara Pardina Vilella, Javier Ruiz Martínez, Carmen Espinós","doi":"10.1002/mds.70501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meridian Theory and the Interpretation of Randomized Evaluation","authors":"Shu‐Cheng Chen","doi":"10.1002/mds.70523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70523","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Memoriam, Daniel Tarsy, MD (1940–2026)","authors":"Ludy C. Shih, David K. Simon, Clifford B. Saper, Stewart A. Factor","doi":"10.1002/mds.70506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148836233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Costs of Parkinson's Disease in Europe: Results of the Costs of Illness in Neurology Initiative","authors":"Luisa Welter, Christopher Kruse, Mateo Montes‐Martinez, Paul Boon, Claudio Bassetti, Thomas Berger, Elena Moro, Maria Konti, Maria Lolich, Alessandro Tessitore, Amelia Hursey, Marjan Arvandi, Nikolai Mühlberger, Uwe Siebert, Richard Dodel, Günther Deuschl","doi":"10.1002/mds.70491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70491","url":null,"abstract":"Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. It imposes substantial and growing burden on patients, families, and caregivers and reduces quality of life. The disability and care needs associated with PD carry economic ramifications. Objective The objective of the study was to estimate the socioeconomic costs of PD across 47 European countries in 2019. Methods Estimation is based on four steps: (1) determination of prevalence, (2) systematic review of costs, (3) data preparation and imputation, and (4) expert validation. Prevalence data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study (reference year: 2019). Direct, indirect, and informal care costs were analyzed. For countries lacking primary data, an imputation method was employed on the basis of gross national income categories and country‐specific economic indicators. Results Fourteen cost‐of‐illness studies met the inclusion criteria, with all but one being conducted in high‐income countries and no eligible data being available for lower‐middle‐income countries, which precluded cost estimation for these regions. The estimated total costs are €22.8 billion (2019, purchasing power parities [PPP]‐adjusted), of which €17.3 billion (76%) are direct costs, €1 billion (5%) are indirect costs, and €4.4 billion (19%) are informal care costs. The mean cost per patient was €14,278 (median: €8393). Conclusions The increasing economic burden of PD reflects its increasing prevalence, posing significant challenges for health care systems. Our findings emphasize the need for disease‐modifying therapies and preventive strategies. Considerable knowledge gaps remain in the cost‐of‐illness literature, particularly in lower‐middle‐income regions. The results provide evidence to inform political and health economic decision‐making. © 2026 The Author(s). <jats:italic>Movement Disorders</jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148836235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"August Infographic","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/mds.70478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 Distinct Brain Drivers and Shared Cerebello–Cortical Input in <i>ADCY5</i> and <i>SGCE</i> Hyperkinetic Movements\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulation and Medication Effects on Subthalamic Nucleus Beta-Band Power in Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation","authors":"Lauren H. Hammer MD, PhD,&nbsp;Stephanie Cernera PhD,&nbsp;Carina R. Oehrn MD, PhD,&nbsp;Jiaang Yao MS,&nbsp;Maria Shcherbakova BS,&nbsp;Amelia G. Hahn BA,&nbsp;Simon Little MBBS, PhD,&nbsp;Philip A. Starr MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/mds.70261","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mds.70261","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) using subthalamic nucleus (STN) beta-band oscillations as a biomarker for the akinetic-rigid symptoms of Parkinson's disease has been proposed to improve the efficacy of stimulation and decrease adverse effects. However, most studies validating STN beta oscillations as a biomarker used perioperative, <i>off</i> medication, and OFF stimulation conditions, limiting their potential relevance to real-world aDBS deployment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated how stimulation and dopaminergic medication affect beta-range STN oscillatory activity and its ability to predict the hypokinetic parkinsonian state.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In six patients with Parkinson's disease who experienced residual levodopa-related motor fluctuations despite standard-of-care DBS, we studied medication cycle-induced fluctuations of peak STN beta oscillation power during active DBS. We evaluated the magnitude of beta oscillation fluctuations, the frequency of peak beta activity, and the ability to predict the <i>off</i> medication state. Neural signals were collected in the clinic during a medication challenge and at home during naturalistic medication cycles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medication-induced beta oscillation fluctuations were smaller in the presence of therapeutic DBS compared with when the stimulator was off (<i>P</i> = 0.008). Therapeutic stimulation also decreased the frequency of peak beta activity (<i>P &lt;</i> 0.001). As a result, the beta frequencies with the highest power in the OFF stimulation/<i>off</i> medication state were less accurate than other beta-range bands at predicting the patient's <i>off</i> medication state during active stimulation (<i>P</i> = 0.02).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The spectral characteristics of STN beta oscillations and their performance as a biomarker in aDBS for Parkinson's disease are influenced by the stimulation and medication conditions in which it is implemented. © 2026 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"41 8","pages":"2022-2032"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147383289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the Association Between Calcium Channel Blockers and Parkinson's Disease in the E3N Cohort","authors":"Emilie Moutard MPH,&nbsp;Agnès Fournier PhD,&nbsp;Émeline Courtois PhD,&nbsp;Fanny Artaud PhD,&nbsp;Pascale Tubert-Bitter PhD,&nbsp;Emmanuel Roze MD, PhD,&nbsp;Ismaïl Ahmed PhD,&nbsp;Anne C.M. Thiébaut PhD,&nbsp;Alexis Elbaz MD, PhD,&nbsp;Thi Thu Ha Nguyen PharmD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/mds.70336","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mds.70336","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies on calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk reached conflicting conclusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the relationship between CCBs and PD in the E3N cohort of French women followed for 15 years (2004–2018), while taking into account the potential for reverse causation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New users of CCBs were identified using drug reimbursement databases. We validated incident PD using several data sources. We described trajectories of CCBs use using mixed logistic models within a nested case–control study. We used Cox proportional hazards models for time-varying variables to estimate the association between CCBs (overall, amlodipine, non-amlodipine dihydropyridines [DiCCBs], non-dihydropyridines [non-DiCCBs]) and PD. Main analyses used a 5-year lag; sensitivity analyses without a lag were performed for comparison.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 82,605 women, 603 developed PD and 13,022 used CCBs. Women who started non-DiCCBs had higher PD risk than never users (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.56; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.99–2.46; <i>P</i>-trend ≤ 0.02). Among non-DiCCBs, diltiazem was associated with PD (HR = 2.20 [95% CI = 1.19–4.04]). There were no significant associations for CCBs overall, amlodipine, and non-amlodipine DiCCBs. In analyses without a lag, amlodipine (HR = 1.45 [95% CI = 1.13–1.87]) and diltiazem (HR = 1.63 [95% CI = 1.02–2.60]) were associated with PD. Results are consistent with trajectories of CCBs prescriptions in PD patients and controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, CCBs were not associated with PD but women who started using diltiazem had higher PD incidence in lagged analyses. Diltiazem and amlodipine were associated with PD in analyses without a lag. These findings are consistent with case reports of parkinsonism induced by specific CCBs and warrant further studies and surveillance. © 2026 The Author(s). <i>Movement Disorders</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"41 8","pages":"2071-2085"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mds.70336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147795554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Interference Stimulation Modulates Resting State Functional Connectivity of Motor Circuit in Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Yongxin Xu PhD,&nbsp;Chenhao Yang PhD,&nbsp;Yichao Du MPT,&nbsp;Xiaonan Shen MPT,&nbsp;Tingting Li MPT,&nbsp;Yufeng Zhang PhD,&nbsp;Zijun Lu PhD,&nbsp;Jie Zhuang PhD,&nbsp;Nan Chen PhD, DPT,&nbsp;Yulian Zhu PhD, DPT,&nbsp;Chencheng Zhang MD, PhD,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Lü PhD,&nbsp;Lingyan Huang PhD,&nbsp;Lu Li PhD,&nbsp;Jianqiang Lü PhD,&nbsp;Zhenyu Qian PhD,&nbsp;Zhen Wang PhD,&nbsp;Jian Zhang PhD,&nbsp;Junhong Zhou PhD,&nbsp;Yu Liu PhD","doi":"10.1002/mds.70321","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mds.70321","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (TIs) targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a novel noninvasive neuromodulation approach with potential to improve motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its underlying neuroimaging mechanisms remain unclear. Changes in functional connectivity (FC) of the STN and the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamic-cortical (CBTC) circuit are central to PD pathophysiology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This randomized, double-blind, crossover study aimed to examine the effects of STN-TIs on FCs of the STN and regions in the CBTC circuit in PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>23 participants with mild-to-moderate PD received a 20-minute session of 130 Hz TIs targeting the STN of the contralateral hemisphere of the patient's severely affected side (or the dominant side in case of bilateral disturbance), and active sham stimulation in randomized order. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and Part III of Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS-III) were completed before and after stimulation. The STN and regions in the CBTC circuit were defined as regions of interest (ROI) for ROI-to-ROI FC analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to sham stimulation, 130 Hz STN-TIs induced a connectivity-specific effect, including the decreased FCs between the targeted side of STN and putamen (<i>P</i> = 0.004–0.046) and caudate (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and increased FC between the targeted side of STN and M1 (<i>P</i> = 0.002–0.004). No severe side effects were reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study provides preliminary but novel evidence for the potential modulatory effect of STN-TIs on resting-state neural activities in the motor circuit. © 2026 The Author(s). <i>Movement Disorders</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. © 2026 The Author(s). <i>Movement Disorders</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":213,"journal":{"name":"Movement Disorders","volume":"41 8","pages":"2042-2050"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mds.70321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147795553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}