Tobacco, smoking control and health education最新文献_第9页

Change in crackle characteristics among male adult smokers 成年男性吸烟者噼啪声特征的变化

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1242

S. Kaju, Michael J. Bennett, S. Bennett

{"title":"Change in crackle characteristics among male adult smokers","authors":"S. Kaju, Michael J. Bennett, S. Bennett","doi":"10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1242","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking is the main cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with the highest incidence of diagnosed COPD in males with age of 40 years and upwards. Crackle characteristics have been reported to indicate and differentiate COPD and other cardiopulmonary diseases. However, no studies have investigated the change of crackle characteristics among smokers within this specific group. The aim of this study was to compare crackle characteristics between adult male smokers and non smokers. Twenty smokers (10 mild (pack year: 9.05±3.9) and 10 moderate (pack year: 32.95±4.2)); age 8.95±6.4 year) and 20 non-smokers (age 50.90±5.3 year) with normal spirometry test were recruited into the study. Lung sound data were recorded, without airflow control, using a digital stethoscope (ThinkLabs ds32a, USA) connected to a laptop computer. The results showed significantly higher number of crackles per breathing cycle (NCpB) in smokers in all six areas across chest wall when compared with non smokers (p=0.043 for anterior left, p=0.009 for anterior right, p=0.032 for lateral left, p=0.008 for lateral right, p=0.015 for posterior left and p=0.001 for posterior right). These initial results indicate that NCpB might be able to reflect changes of the lung among adult smokers with normal spirometry test. This suggests that NCpB could possibly be used as an early indicator of smoking damage before turning to COPD, though a larger sample is needed to confirm it.","PeriodicalId":212819,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco, smoking control and health education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121435001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exclusive e-cigarette use among Parisian school students 巴黎学校学生使用电子烟

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA4541

B. Dautzenberg, H. Torregrossa, M. Melchior, N. Rieu, P. Birkui, M. Mary-Krause, M. Dautzenberg

{"title":"Exclusive e-cigarette use among Parisian school students","authors":"B. Dautzenberg, H. Torregrossa, M. Melchior, N. Rieu, P. Birkui, M. Mary-Krause, M. Dautzenberg","doi":"10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA4541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA4541","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study, conducted during 5 years among 12-19 years old secondary school students in Paris, is to compare exclusive e-cigarettes users to exclusive tobacco users. Methods: Each year from 2013 to 2017, we randomly selected classes in Paris to include approximately 3500 students. Current e-cigarette or tobacco use was defined as use in the preceding 30 days. Students completed a one-page self-reported questionnaire in school. Data were analyzed using marginal multinomial logistic regression models in which exclusive tobacco smokers served as the reference group. Results: Among the 17 435 students included, 2.3% (n=392) reported exclusive e-cigarette use, 7.9% (n=1370) exclusive tobacco use and 3.2% dual use (n=555). Compared to exclusive tobacco smokers, e-cigarette users were: - less likely to use cannabis (adjusted odds-ratio (OR) =0.12, 95%CI=0.06-0.23); - more likely to have used e-cigarettes rather than traditional tobacco at smoking initiation (OR=9.59, 95% CI=4.81-19.13); - more likely to use a water-pipe at smoking initiation (OR=2.27, 95% CI=1.23-4.20). Compared to 12-14 year olds, the probability of being an exclusive e-cigarette user decreased with age with an OR=0.28 (95% CI=0.14-0.55) among 14-16 year olds and OR=0.12 (95% CI=0.06-0.24) among ≥ 17 year olds. The probability of being an exclusive e-cigarette user was lower if the best friend smoked tobacco (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.23-0.56). Conclusions: Teenagers who are exclusive users of e-cigarettes differ from those who use tobacco in terms of smoking trajectory and concurrent cannabis use.","PeriodicalId":212819,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco, smoking control and health education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122682567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of lung functions in tobacco chewers 烟草咀嚼者肺功能的研究

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa1720

A. Ahuja, A. Uppe, Girija Nair

引用次数: 1

Smoking in individuals with HIV/AIDS: a qualitative-quantitative approach 艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者吸烟:定性-定量方法

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1238

I. Godoy, Ligia Lopes Devóglio, I. Godoy

引用次数: 0

The effect of parental smoking and smoking inside the house in the adolescents attitude towards smoking 父母吸烟和室内吸烟对青少年吸烟态度的影响

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4571

Dimitra Mpousiou, Dimitra Lamprou, Michael Toumpis, Theodora Katsaounou, D. Fouskakis, Marina Moscholaki, Areti Karathanasi, C. Gratziou, E. Zervas, P. Katsaounou

引用次数: 0

Smoking behaviour and age 吸烟行为与年龄

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA4539

F. Çiftçi, S. Ayoz, Dursun Baygul, Z. P. Önen, E. Şen

引用次数: 6

Carboxyhemoglobin level in patients undergoing home long term oxygen therapy declaring themselves as non-smokers. 在家庭长期吸氧治疗自称不吸烟者的患者的碳氧血红蛋白水平。

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1260

A. Nowiński, Damian Korzybski, Anna Czyzak-Gradkowska, R. Pływaczewski, P. Śliwiński

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the ratio of ACO in elderly and non-elderly asthmatics with a history of smoking 有吸烟史的老年与非老年哮喘患者ACO比值分析

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa1231

A. Ebihara, A. Nagai, T. Iwamoto, I. Kuwahira

引用次数: 0

Effects of electronic cigarette aerosol on isolated murine lung cells and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 电子烟气溶胶对离体小鼠肺细胞和支气管肺泡灌洗液的影响

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1724

E. Roxlau, Alexandra Pichl, B. Selvakumar, R. Schermuly, H. Ghofrani, W. Seeger, J. Wilhelm, M. Fassbender, F. Grimminger, S. Herold, N. Sommer, N. Weissmann

{"title":"Effects of electronic cigarette aerosol on isolated murine lung cells and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","authors":"E. Roxlau, Alexandra Pichl, B. Selvakumar, R. Schermuly, H. Ghofrani, W. Seeger, J. Wilhelm, M. Fassbender, F. Grimminger, S. Herold, N. Sommer, N. Weissmann","doi":"10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA1724","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are gaining popularity as an alternative to smoking, despite many unsolved questions regarding their safety. This study aimed to investigate effects of e-cigarette vapour extract (ECVE) and e-cigarette aerosol (ECA) on different pulmonary cell types or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from control mice or mice exposed to ECA, respectively. Primary isolated murine alveolar epithelial typeII cells (mAECII) and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (mPASMC) were exposed to ECVE (containing 0mg/ml or 18mg/ml nicotine). We determined proliferation and migration in mPASMC, and performed whole genome expression analysis in mAECII and mPASMC. Additionally, flow cytometry was applied to characterize cellular composition of BALF from C57BL/6J mice exposed to ECA for 8 months. ECVE with and without nicotine inhibited cellular migration, but not proliferation in mPASMC and increased expression of inflammatory proteins, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase. Microarray data further revealed alteration of lysosomal and metabolic pathways, particularly glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in mPASMC. In contrast, metabolic pathways, particularly genes involved in cytochrome P450 and glutathione metabolism were upregulated in mAECII. Furthermore, the percentage of lymphocytes, neutrophils and alveolar exudate macrophages were increased, whereas resident alveolar macrophages were decreased in the BALF from mice exposed to ECA with or without nicotine compared to control groups. These results indicate that ECVE with and without nicotine alters cellular functions and intracellular pathways of mPASMC and mAECII. Moreover, ECA causes inflammatory responses in the lung.","PeriodicalId":212819,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco, smoking control and health education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115100072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electronic cigarettes knowledge and use among smokers attending an intensive smoking cessation intervention programme 参加强化戒烟干预计划的吸烟者的电子烟知识和使用情况

Tobacco, smoking control and health education Pub Date : 2018-09-15 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2018.PA4550

M. A. Mendes, Paula Faustino, Teresa Almeida, Manuel Preto, M. J. Oliveira, M. Dias, D. Coutinho, I. Ladeira, M. Guimarães, I. Pascoal

引用次数: 1