Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Misinformation, disinformation, and fake news amid the new global Mpox emergency.","authors":"Francy Waltília Cruz Araújo, Silvia Maria da Silva Sant'Ana Rodrigues, Thialla Andrade Carvalho, Danilo Santos de Sousa, Martha Débora Lira Tenório, Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Rapid review: effectiveness of the <i>Wolbachia</i> strategy for arbovirus controlRevisión sistemática rápida: efectividad de la estrategia de control con <i>Wolbachia</i> en la lucha contra las arbovirosis].","authors":"Alanis Amorim Angotti, João Gabriel Sanchez Tavares da Silva, Tatiana Yonekura, Mabel Fernandes Figueiró","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.98","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify and synthesize evidence of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the <i>Wolbachia-Aedes</i> methodology for reducing cases of arboviral infection.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Rapid systematic review. A search of five online portals and bibliographic databases was conducted in February 2022. Two reviewers conducted the selection stages, with any disagreements resolved by a third investigator. Data were extracted by one reviewer and subsequently checked by another. The inclusion criteria were studies describing the cost-effectiveness and effectiveness of the <i>Wolbachia-Aedes</i> methodology, based on field interventions, published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, with no restrictions on date of publication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four studies were included: one cluster randomized trial, two quasi-experimental studies, and one pre-post study, published between 2019 and 2021 in four countries. The included studies reported effectiveness for some of the outcomes of interest, such as a reduction in the incidence of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya cases. Although no experimental studies addressing the cost-effectiveness of the <i>Wolbachia-Aedes</i> strategy were identified, some modeling studies have demonstrated potential cost-benefit of this methodology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the results of the included studies, <i>Wolbachia</i> has the potential to be an economically effective strategy that leads to reductions in the incidence of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Nevertheless, this strategy cannot yet be recommended as a public policy; additional large-scale studies with high methodological quality are still needed to inform political decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision impairment and blindness in individuals aged 60 years and older in Latin America and the Caribbean.","authors":"Patricia Morsch, Carolina Hommes, Arthur Gustavo Fernandes, Hans Limburg, João Marcello Furtado, Enrique Vega","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence and causes of vision loss and calculate the effective cataract surgery coverage (eCSC) in adults aged 60 years and older in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness Vision Atlas and the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness databases were used as data source. The collected data were used to estimate the prevalence and causes of vision loss in people aged 60 years and older, and to determine the eCSC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI) and blindness in Latin America and the Caribbean were 14.14% and 2.94%, respectively. Tropical Latin America was the subregion with the highest prevalence of blindness (3.89%) while Southern Latin America had the lowest (0.96%). For both MSVI and blindness, cataract was the main cause of vision loss. The eCSC rates showed great variation, ranging from 4.0% in Guatemala to 75.2% in Suriname.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of vision loss in adults aged 60 years and older in Latin America and the Caribbean was higher than previous estimates on younger groups. Cataract was the main cause of blindness, and the eCSC indicates that the outcomes from cataract surgery should be improved. Specific actions associated with improving access, integrating eye assessment with primary care programs, expanding the use of telemedicine, and improving data quality should be taken by public health authorities aiming to address vision loss in this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La lucha contra el tabaquismo en Paraguay: evaluando el progreso hacia un futuro sin tabaco.","authors":"Carlos Miguel Rios-González","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.92","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11421190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of HIV costing in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Diego Cerecero-García, Fern Terris-Prestholt, Fernando Macías-González, Sergio Bautista-Arredondo","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.84","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To summarize available data on unit costs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, prevention, and care interventions in Latin America and the Caribbean.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic literature review of costing studies published between 2012 and 2024, and selected those reporting empirically measured costing data. The available data were categorized according to predefined intervention categories and compared by time and place. We also explored variations in unit costs by intervention type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1 746 studies identified, 22 met the inclusion criteria, which provided 103 unique unit cost estimates from nine countries. About 50% of the included studies were published between 2019 and 2021. Antiretroviral therapy services had the most cost data available (39% of unit costs), followed by inpatient care (27%) and HIV testing (24%). Considerable cost variations were observed both within and between interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis underscores the need for accurate and reliable cost data to support HIV budgeting and decision-making efforts. We identified several gaps in the availability of cost data and emphasize the importance of presenting results more effectively by incorporating key contextual variables. Given the challenges of shrinking budgets and sustainability risks, robust evidence is indispensable to inform priority setting and budget allocation for HIV services.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11404235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culturally adapted mobile application for optimizing metabolic control in type 1 diabetes: a pilot study.","authors":"Jenny L Cepeda-Marte, Arelis Moore, Carlos B Ruiz-Matuk, Daniela D Salado-Díaz, Pablo Socias-Pappaterra, Vivian W Y Ho-Sang, Isabella Mella-Bonilla","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.86","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether use of a culturally adapted mobile application (app) for adolescents with type 1 diabetes is associated with improved metabolic control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Dominican Republic's National Institute of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition and the Learning to Live clinic recruited 23 pediatric participants for the study. Blood tests were performed before and after use of the app for a period of 3 months. Based on the user profile, participants were encouraged to use the app's bolus insulin calculator after each meal. The app included a list of regionally and culturally specific foods, color-coded to indicate a high glycemic index (GI) as red; medium GI as yellow; and low GI as green. The color-coding was designed to assist participants in making healthier eating choices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were statistically significant improvements in lipid profile. Mean high-density lipoprotein values rose to acceptable levels, while low-density lipoproteins and triglyceride levels fell to the recommended values. The overall quality of life increased, although glycated hemoglobin levels showed no statistically significant changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that using this culturally tailored app can help young patients with type 1 diabetes to improve metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11404233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[We must not remain blind to equity: lessons to be learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in the AmericasDeixar de ignorar a equidade: lições a aprender com a pandemia de COVID-19 nas Américas].","authors":"Maylen Liseth Rojas-Botero, Oscar J Mujica, Ximena Avellaneda, Carlos Cáceres, Arachu Castro, Adrienne L Cox, Luiz Augusto C Galvão, Ingrid Gómez Duarte, Pedro Más, Sandra Del Pino, Karol Rojas, Ana Sojo, Manuel Urbina Fuentes, Rocío Sáenz, Sebastián García Saisó","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2024.71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Region of the Americas has historically experienced social inequalities rooted in colonialism, which are reflected and reproduced in the area of health. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the entire Region, but the most socially disadvantaged groups were hit hardest, intensifying health inequities. Under the premise that pandemics are not socially neutral phenomena, this special report analyzes the unequal impacts of the pandemic from different perspectives: historical, epidemiological, political, social, economic, environmental, and population-related. Critical reflections are offered here on the negative impacts of inequalities on well-being, not only in the most affected populations, but across society as a whole. Strategic recommendations are made for progress toward health equity in the post-pandemic context. This report highlights the importance of advancing toward mature information systems to monitor health equity, developing more resilient health systems, and implementing explicit policies and practices aimed at eliminating health inequities. All of this should pave the way for prosperity and sustainable development in the Region.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11404234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Together towards tomorrow: partnerships powering the digital transformation of the health sector.","authors":"Jarbas Barbosa da Silva, Sebastian Garcia-Saisó, Myrna Marti, Ferdinando Regalia, Jaime Saavedra, Karin Kallander, Alain Labrique, Pablo Ibarraran, Jennifer Nelson, Tania Dmytraczenko, Marelize Gorgens, James Fitzgerald, Ernesto Bascolo, Federica Secci, Gianluca Cafagna, Emily Nicholson, Daniel Luna, Ana Estela Haddad, Marcelo D'Agostino","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.85","DOIUrl":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.85","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11384423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Telephone surveys for the study of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in Colombia: a novel toolPesquisas telefônicas para um estudo de custos catastróficos da tuberculose na Colômbia: uma ferramenta inovadora].","authors":"Oscar Cruz, Gloria Mercedes Puerto Castro, Ingrid García, Martha Patricia López Pérez, Juan Carlos Moreno Cubides, Nelson Alvis Zakzuk, Ángela María Sánchez, Julián Trujillo Trujillo, Vivian Vanesa Rubio, Claudia Marcela Castro Osorio, Luisa Fernanda Vásquez Chaves, Peter Nguhiu, Inés García Baena, Ernesto Montoro, Guillermo Gonzalvez","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.88","DOIUrl":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.88","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study of catastrophic costs incurred by people affected by tuberculosis (TB), conducted in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic, provided the opportunity to implement telephone surveys for data collection. This constitutes a methodological innovation regarding the standards established by the World Health Organization (WHO) which, for this type of study, usually rely on face-to-face surveys of patients attending health facilities. The study design, objectives, and methodology were adapted from the WHO publication <i>Tuberculosis patient cost surveys: a handbook</i>. A total of 1065 people affected by tuberculosis were selected as study participants and, by telephone, were administered a standard questionnaire adapted to the Colombian context. This allowed the collection of structured data on the direct and indirect costs faced by TB patients and their families. Greater than 80% completeness was achieved for all variables of interest, with an average survey duration of 40 minutes and a rejection rate of 8%. The described survey method to determine the baseline for further study of catastrophic costs in Colombia was novel because of its telephone-based format, which adheres to the information standards required to allow internationally comparable estimates. It is a useful means of generating standardized results in contexts in which the ability to conduct face-to-face surveys is limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pan American climate resilient health systems: a training course for health professionals.","authors":"Cecilia Sorensen, Carolos Barboza, Peter Berry, Daniel Buss, Haley Campbell, Kristie Hadley, Nicola Hamacher, Danielly Magalhaes, Gilma Mantilla, Anwar Mendez, Karen Polson-Edwards, Anna Stewart-Ibarra, Irene Torres","doi":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.83","DOIUrl":"10.26633/RPSP.2024.83","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the development, implementation, and results of a training course designed to equip health professionals from the Pan American Health Organization region with the knowledge and tools needed to adapt health systems to current climate realities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>Pan American climate resilient health systems</i> course was a 9-week live-virtual course in March-April 2023, which was delivered through Zoom and offered in English, Spanish, and French. All lectures were delivered by local and regional climate and health experts. The curricular foundation of this initiative was the Global Consortium on Climate and Health Education core competencies for health professionals. Participants completed pre- and post-course surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1212 participants attended at least one of the nine sessions and 489 (from 66 countries) attended at least six sessions. Of these, 291 participants completed both the pre- and post-course surveys which were used in the analysis. Longitudinal survey results suggested an improvement in participants' climate and health communication, an increased frequency of incorporating climate knowledge in professional practice, and improved confidence in engaging in climate initiatives. At the same time, many participants expressed a need for additional training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that live-virtual courses have the potential to empower health professionals to contribute to climate resilience efforts by: increasing their communication skills; changing their professional practice; increasing their ability to lead climate and health activities; and preparing them to assess vulnerability and adaptation in health systems, measure and monitor environmental sustainability, and apply a health equity lens.</p>","PeriodicalId":21264,"journal":{"name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica-pan American Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 ","pages":"e83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}